Study of radiation conditions onboard the International space station by means of the Liulin-5 dosimeter

For estimating radiation risk in space flights it is necessary to determine radiation dose obtained by critical organs of a human body. For this purpose the experiments with human body models are carried out onboard spacecraft. These models represent phantoms equipped with passive and active radiation detectors which measure dose distributions at places of location of critical organs. The dosimetric Liulin-5 telescope is manufactured with using three silicon detectors for studying radiation conditions in the spherical tissue-equivalent phantom on the Russian segment of the International space station (ISS). The purpose of the experiment with Liulin-5 instrument is to study dynamics of the dose rate and particle flux in the phantom, as well as variations of radiation conditions on the ISS over long time intervals depending on a phase of the solar activity cycle, orbital parameters, and presence of solar energetic particles. The Liulin-5 dosimeter measures simultaneously the dose rate and fluxes of charged particles at three depths in the radial channel of the phantom, as well as the linear energy transfer. The paper presents the results of measurements of dose rate and particle fluxes caused by various radiation field components on the ISS during the period from June 2007 till December 2009.     

天波超视距雷达电离层相位污染典型校正方法综合性能评估

对校正天波超视距雷达电离层相位污染的五种典型方法进行了综合性能评估,主要从校正效果、对不同污染的普适性、污染参数变化对方法的影响、信噪比对方法性能的影响、运算量等几个方面进行了比较与分析,为实际工程实现和改进电离层相位污染校正方法提供参考。     

基于知识和大数据的多航天器管理云平台设计

在轨卫星数量呈爆发式增长.在应用方面,亟需提升海量卫星并行管理能力和自动化、智能化水平.设计并构建了一种基于知识和大数据的航天器在轨管理云平台,通过工程实际应用,验证了系统设计的可行性,实现了200余颗在轨航天器的并行管理,可以为我国未来复杂星座星群的高效运行管理提供参考.     

箭载无线传感器网络动态业务分配方法研究

无线传感器网络技术是新一代火箭测量系统中的关键技术之一,为实现箭上无线传感器节点业务动态变化场景下的信道资源无冲突分配,提出了一种基于优先级的动态业务分配方法——基于优先级的动态占空比节能位图辅助MAC协议(PD-EBMA)。主要思想是利用位图辅助适应业务量的动态变化、搭载预约的方式减少控制信息开销、背包算法提高信道利用率和降低时延,以及在流量较小时延不敏感的场景中使用动态占空比的思想降低能量开销。仿真结果表明:相比传统固定时隙的分配方式,PD-EBMA可以大幅提升网络灵活性,同时能耗和时延特性也得到显著改善。     

端羟基PTHF-PEO-PTHF嵌段共聚醚的合成与表征

以大分子聚乙二醇为引发剂(起始剂),三氟化硼乙醚络合物为催化剂,在少量环氧丙烷助开环的条件下,四氢呋喃发生阳离子开环聚合,直接在聚乙二醇的两端接上了聚四氢呋喃醚链段,从而制备出了一种全新结构的PTHF-PEOPTHF端羟基三嵌段共聚醚.通过红外光谱和核磁共振1H-NMR对产物进行了表征,并通过DSC和凝胶渗透色谱时产物...     

一种基于遗传RBF神经网络的智能容错滤波算法

针对组合导航中标准卡尔曼滤波容错性能不足的问题,提出一种基于遗传RBF神经网络的智能容错滤波算法,其基本思想是通过RBF网络自动调节滤波增益来控制不确定性噪声的影响,进而提高滤波容错性。在RBF神经网络中,隐层单元与核函数宽度的选取对网络的性能具有重要影响,进而利用自适应遗传算法对其隐层单元数及核函数宽度进行了优化,隐层单元中心和输出层连接权值分别由K-均值聚类和最小二乘算法确定,最后得到精度较高且结构优化的RBF网络。为检验方法的应用效果,以SINS/GPS组合导航系统为例进行了仿真验证,实验结果表明遗传RBF网络容错滤波算法能在满足导航精度和计算量增加较小的前提下,比标准卡尔曼滤波具有更强的容错能力,由此也说明了方法的有效性。     

基于罗格里斯参数的航天器递归线性姿态估计算法

针对航天器姿态确定问题提出了一种新的递归线性估计算法。首先采用罗格里斯参数描述姿态,介绍了基于几何方法得到的非递归线性姿态估计算法。其次,引入历史测量数据,根据姿态旋转关系,获得了递归线性估计算法。进一步引入遗忘因子,对历史测量数据和当前测量数据进行权衡,得到了加权递归线性估计算法。数值仿真结果表明,所提出的递归姿态估计算法比非递归姿态估计算法具有更高的精度,在一定范围内遗忘因子越小,姿态估计精度越高。     

一种利用信号幅度信息的光学传感器像平面GM-PHD滤波算法

针对光学传感器像平面多目标跟踪应用,基于有限集统计学理论(Finite Set Statistics, FISST)提出一种利用信号幅度信息的高斯混合概率假设密度(Gaussian Mixture-Probability Hypothesis Density, GM-PHD)滤波算法。该算法通过建立信号幅度似然函数将幅度信息引入到PHD的递推公式中,首先根据光学传感器的特点对输出的信号幅度进行建模,然后分别计算来源于目标和杂波的信号幅度似然函数,在目标信噪比未知的情况下给出一种替代计算方法,最后采用高斯混合方式实现该算法。仿真结果表明,本文提出的算法相比仅利用量测位置信息的PHD滤波器能够显著提高多目标跟踪性能和计算效率,而且在目标信噪比未知时同样具有稳定的性能。     

Empirical model of the high-latitude boundary of the Earth’s outer radiation belt at altitudes of up to 1000 km

An empirical model of the high-latitude boundary of the outer Earth’s radiation belt (ERB) has been presented, which is based on the measurement data of electron fluxes on the polar low-orbit CORONAS-Photon, Meteor-M1, and Meteor-M2 satellites. The boundary was determined by a sharp decrease to the background level of the flux of trapped electrons with energies of 100 or 200 keV in the polar part of the profile of the outer radiation belt. A numerical algorithm has been implemented to determine the time moment, when the fastest flux changes are recorded. The primary search was carried out, first, on 30 s averaged data, then repeated on data with a higher resolution. A functional dependence was obtained in order to approximate the obtained set of intersections of the boundary by elliptical curve. The empirical model constructed using the CORONAS-Photon measurement data in the epoch of anomalously low geomagnetic activity reflects the longitude structure of the high-latitude boundary of the outer radiation belt associated with the internal Earth’s magnetic field (MF), as well as its dependence on the universal time. Based on the data of intersections of the high-latitude boundary of the outer ERB (OERB) in the epoch of 2014–2016, the latitudinal shift of the boundary to the equator dependent on geomagnetic activity has been determined, as well as the nightside shift of the boundary due to the diurnal rotation of the Earth.     

The natural cytotoxicity in cosmonauts on board space stations

The nature of the changes of resistance to infection seems to be very important. Our studies indicate that different functions of natural killers could be depressed after the spaceflight. The decrease of the percentage of the lymphocytes that can bind target cells lead to the lowering of the “active” NK level and this can be resulted in the depression of total NK activity and lowering of resistance to viral and tumor antigens. The investigation of natural killer cells in cosmonauts before and after short and long-term spaceflights also revealed the important role of spaceflight duration, stress and individual immune reactivity.