一种小卫星过顶预报算法

针对小卫星地面便携式通信终端的嵌入式编程环境存储量有限的情况，介绍了过顶预报算法。该算法在不影响精度的情况下忽略卫星轨道预报算法的高阶摄动项，节省了软件存储量；同时用改进的搜索算法，大大缩短了过顶时间段的搜索时间。该算法的应用使得手持终端减少了能耗，缩短了捕获载波频率的时间。     

高职教育创新刍议

面对市场竞争的压力，高职教育必须大胆突破，积极创新。本文在教育观念、教育体制、教学模式等方面提出了促进高职教育发展的创新思路。     

飞行器大攻角升沉平移加速度导数测量技术

为了测量由升沉和平移加速度 ( α和 β)产生的导数 ,进而将组合动导数分开 ,来改善飞机飞行特性的预测效果 ,中国空气动力研究与发展中心低速所开展了大攻角升沉平移加速度导数测量技术研究工作。采用刚性强迫振动法 ,研制了试验装置 ,测量了由升沉平移加速度产生的动导数和“静导数”。给出了升沉振动试验在振幅为60mm ,频率为 1 .0Hz、1 .5Hz,α =0～ 45°,Re=0 .76× 1 0 6 情况下的典型试验结果。小攻角情况下 ,Cm α为负值 ,是动稳定的 ,且随攻角变化不大 ,而在大攻角情况下 ,由于非定常气动力的作用 ,Cm α变化剧烈而且出现动不稳定。从典型试验结果看 ,该技术是成功的 ,所获数据是合理可靠的。     

基于模板匹配的集中式多传感器群内目标精细跟踪算法

为解决多传感器探测下群内目标精细跟踪的难题,基于非机动情况下各探测周期内群内目标真实回波位置相对固定的特性,提出了一种基于模板匹配的集中式多传感器群内目标精细跟踪算法。该算法通过预关联成功的群状态集合与群量测集合分别建立模板形状矩阵和待匹配形状矩阵,利用匹配搜索模型和匹配矩阵确认规则选出代价最小的匹配矩阵,并基于模板和对应的匹配矩阵利用 kalman滤波完成群内各目标航迹的状态更新。仿真表明,与传统多传感器多目标跟踪算法中性能优越的基于数据压缩的集中式多传感器多假设算法相比,该算法在跟踪精度、实时性、有效跟踪率方面的性能明显优越,能很好的满足群内目标精细跟踪的实际工程需求。     

北斗导航系统接收机 自主完好性监测算法及性能分析

北斗导航定位系统是我国自主研制的全球导航定位系统,其接收机的自主完好性是决定可靠性的关键因 素之一。文章推导了RAIM(Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring)算法的观测模型,并在此基础上推导了基于 最小二乘法的RAIM算法、故障检测和故障识别算法。仿真表明,该算法可以检测出故障并识别故障卫星。     

航空发动机火焰筒矩形点焊换段修理技术研究

针对某型航空发动机火焰筒大修时出现的裂纹、烧伤及侵蚀问题,开展了火焰筒第4～6段换段修理工艺试验。通过分析火焰筒的结构,确定了用新段替换相应的故障段的方法对火焰筒进行修复。在拆分故障段时,尽量减小保留段壁厚的局部减薄量;在重新装配时,避免在原电阻焊点处再次焊接;通过采取以上工艺措施,实现了火焰筒的换段修理。同时进行了电阻焊焊接拉伸试验、撕破检查、金相组织检查等工艺验证试验。换段修理的火焰筒通过了发动机试车考核验证。换段工艺方法也可作为批生产过程中部分段制造有缺陷时的补救方案。     

基于FPGA的电动舵机控制器设计

针对传统的电动舵机控制器控制周期长的问题,提出了一种基于FPGA的电动舵机控制器设计方案.在完成硬件设计的基础上,通过建立高速浮点运算模块,解决了FPGA无法直接进行浮点运算的问题,从而实现了不完全微分PID控制,并给出了具体的控制周期和控制延迟.与传统的基于DSP的电动舵机控制器进行对比试验,试验结果表明,所提控制器设计方案能够有效缩短控制周期,提高控制效率,优化控制效果.     

A new vortex sheet model for simulating aircraft wake vortex evolution

A new vortex sheet model was proposed for simulating aircraft wake vortex evolution.Rather than beginning with a pair of counter-rotating cylindrical vortices as in the traditional models,a lift-drag method is used to initialize a vortex sheet so that the roll-up phase is taken into account.The results of this model report a better approximation to a real situation when compared to the measurement data.The roll-up induced structures are proved to influence the far-field decay.On one hand,they lead to an early decay in the diffusion phase.On the other hand,the growth of linear instability such as elliptical instability is suppressed,resulting in a slower decay in the rapid decay phase.This work provides a simple and practicable model for simulating wake vortex evolu tion,which combines the roll-up process and the far-field phase in simulation.It is also proved that the roll-up phase should not be ignored when simulating the far-field evolution of an aircraft wake vortex pair,which indicates the necessity of this new model.     

Characterizing slope correction methods applied to satellite radar altimetry data: A case study around Dome Argus in East Antarctica

Slope correction is important to improve the accuracy of satellite radar elevation measurements by mitigating the slope-induced error (SE), especially over uneven ground surfaces. Although several slope correction methods have been proposed, guidance in the form of stepwise algorithm on how to implement these methods in processing radar altimetric data at the coding level, and the differences among these methods need to be presented and discussed systematically. In this paper, three existing types of slope correction methods—the direct method (DM), intermediate method (IM), and relocation method (RM, further divided into RM1 and RM2)—are described in detail. In addition, their main differences and features for various scientific applications are analyzed. We conduct a systematic experiment with CryoSat-2 Low Resolution Mode (LRM) data in a physically stable area around Dome Argus in East Antarctica, where in-situ measurements were available for comparison. The slope correction is implemented separately using the three methods, with the latest high-accuracy Reference Elevation Model of Antarctica (REMA) as the a-priori topography model. The bias and precision of the slope-corrected CryoSat-2 data results from the RM2 is ?0.18 ± 0.86 m based on the comparison with the field Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) data. The results from the RM2 indicate higher precision compared to those from the RM1. According to the correlation analysis of the slope-corrected CryoSat-2 data results (RM1 and RM2), the bias enlarges and the precision becomes worse when the surface slope increases from 0 to 0.85°. After a comprehensively comparative analysis, we find that the results from the RM1 and RM2 are superior in precision (0.93 m and 0.86 m) with respect to the GNSS data. The relatively low precision (1.22 m) from the IM is due to the potential error from the a-priori digital elevation model (DEM). The DM has the lowest precision (2.66 m). Another experiment over rough topography in West Antarctica is carried out for comparison, especially between the RM1 (precision of 15.27 m) and RM2 (precision of 16.25 m). In general, the RM is recommended for the SE elimination among the three methods. Moreover, the RM2 is firstly considered over smooth topography due to the superior performance in bias and precision, while the RM1 is more suggested over the rough topography because of the slightly smaller bias and better precision. The IM relies much on the accuracy of the a-prior DEM and is not usually recommended, because of the strict requirement in the sampling time between the radar altimetry data and the a-priori DEM to avoid any surface change over time.     

上面级发射中高轨道卫星外热流分析

研究发射轨道的外热流是卫星热控制系统设计的基础。针对上面级发射轨道的特点和卫星姿态，推导出上面级滑行段和点火段瞬态及平均外热流计算公式。以北斗三号中轨导航卫星为例，给出了阳光和轨道面夹角随太阳黄经和升交点赤经的变化关系，以及最长阴影时间、滑行段旋转角速度约束条件的分析方法，在此基础上确定了上面级阶段卫星的极端外热流工况并给出了外热流计算结果。