系统电磁兼容技术综述与展望

系统电磁兼容问题已成为飞行器等大型复杂系统全寿命周期中必须面对的客观问题。如果解决不当,不仅带来大量研制经费的浪费,同时还将导致系统从根本上丧失使用能力。系统电磁兼容问题不同于设备分系统电磁兼容问题,无论是在分析方法、设计方法、试验方法方面,均为系统工程问题。重点围绕航空飞行器研制中的电磁兼容问题,介绍一种全新的系统电磁兼容设计方法:飞机整机电磁兼容精确化协同优化设计方法。该方法有效实现了从飞机总体角度进行全机电磁兼容性设计和从飞机顶层高度提出全机电磁兼容量化指标要求。该技术不但可以实现全机电磁兼容问题在过程中得到管理和控制,并且实现了飞机全机电磁兼容设计的一次性成功,从电磁兼容角度保证了飞机的安全性。     

应用端部效应改善的LS+NN模型进行日长变化预报

现有ΔLOD(Delta Length-Of-Day,日长变化)预报模式在进行周期项与残差项拟合分离时,通常没有考虑LS(Least Squares,最小二乘)拟合序列的端部效应,预报精度难以取得较大提高。针对端部效应现象,首先采用时间序列分析模型在ΔLOD序列两端进行数据延拓,构成一个新序列,然后用新序列求得LS外推模型系数,再结合LS外推模型和NN(Neural Network,神经网络)对原始ΔLOD序列进行预测。算例表明,在ΔLOD序列两端增加延拓数据,能有效改善LS拟合序列的端部效应;端部效应改善的LS+NN模型的预报精度明显优于常规LS+NN模型,精度最大提高了17.86%。该方法不仅适用于LS+NN模型,也适用于LS外推模型与其他模型的组合。     

高超声速乘波飞行器气动实验研究

以绕楔高超声速流场为基础，用流线追踪法生成了一种高超声速飞行器气动概念构形、初步探索了高超声速飞行器机身/推进系统一体化气动构形设计方法，开展了高超声速测压实验，结果表明：该类构形飞行器在高超声速飞行时，可以产生较高的升阻比，前体的预压缩效果明显，是以吸气式冲压发动机动力的有效途的飞行器构形。     

基于Patran二次开发的星形药柱结构分析与设计

为了分析药形几何参数对星形药柱固体发动机结构完整性的影响,在有限元软件MSC.Patrar/Nastran平台上,用Patran的二次开发工具PCL(Patran Command Language),建立了典型星形药柱参数化模型,分析了温度和内压载荷作用下星形药柱最大Von Mises应变随几何参数的变化规律,通过调整几何参数,对低温工况下某星形药柱进行了结构设计.结果表明,星形药柱的星角系数和沟槽深度对其结构完整性影响较大,通过对这两个参数的设计,可使药柱在低温工况下不出现裂纹.所提出的方法和相应结论可为固体发动机设计提供参考.     

An algorithm to separate wind tunnel background noise from turbulent boundary layer excitation

Wall pressure fluctuations generated by Turbulent Boundary Layers(TBL) provide a significant contribution in reducing the structural vibration and the aircraft cabin noise. However,it is difficult to evaluate these fluctuations accurately through a wind tunnel test because of the pollution caused by the background noise generated by the jet or the valve of the wind tunnel. In this study, a new technology named Subsection Approaching Method(SAM) is proposed to separate the wall pressure fluctuations from the background noise induced by the jet or the valve for a transonic wind tunnel test. The SAM demonstrates good performance on separating the background noise from the total pressure compared to the other method in this study. The investigation considers the effects of the sound intensity and the decay factor on the sound-source separation. The results show that the SAM can derive wall pressure fluctuations effectively even when the level of background noise is considerably higher than the level of the wall pressure fluctuations caused by the TBL. In addition, the computational precision is also analyzed based on the broad band noise tested in the wind tunnel. Two methods to improve the precision of the computation with the SAM are also suggested: decreasing the loop gain and increasing the sensors for the signal analysis.     

远程教学在精品课程建设中的尝试

精品课程的建设实现了资源的共享,辅助了教师的教学,但精品课程的建设中存在内容不能及时更新、利用率低等问题。通过建立后台管理操作系统,管理员可方便地对内容进行补充更新的远程教学模式在精品课程中的尝试,克服了精品课程建设当中的不足,使用更加方便。     

Lightweight structure of a phase-change thermal controller based on lattice cells manufactured by SLM

Thermal controllers equipped with phase-change materials are widely used for maintaining the moderate temperatures of various electric devices used in spacecraft. Yet, the structures of amounts of thermal controllers add up to such a large value that restricts the employment of scientific devices due to the limit of rocket capacity. A lightweight structure of phase-change thermal controllers has been one of the main focuses of spacecraft design engineering. In this work, we design a lightweight phase-change thermal controller structure based on lattice cells. The structure is manufactured entirely with AlSi10 Mg by direct metal laser melting. The dimensions of the structure are 230 mm × 170 mm × 15 mm, and the mass is 190 g, which is 60% lighter than most traditional structures(500–600 g) with the same dimensions. The 3 D-printed structure can reduce the risk of leakage at soldering manufacture by a welding process. Whether the strength of the designed structure is sufficient is determined through mechanical analysis and experiments. Thermal test results show that the thermal capacity of the lattice-based thermal controller is increased by50% compared to that of traditional controllers with the same volume.     

太赫兹技术及空间应用国内外发展现状研究

太赫兹（Terahertz,THz）波是频率介于红外和微波的电磁波,太赫兹辐射源的独特性质及其与物质相互作用所表现出的丰富物理和化学特性,使太赫兹技术在通信、遥感等空间领域展现出了巨大的应用前景。文章主要对太赫兹技术及空间应用的国内外发展现状进行研究,并归纳出其发展趋势,为我国太赫兹技术空间应用的发展提供情报支持。     

GAP/CL-20高能推进剂燃烧性能调节研究

采用水下声发射法测试了聚叠氮缩水甘油醚(GAP)/六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷(CL-20)高能推进剂燃速,使用最小二乘法计算燃速压强指数,开展了GAP/CL-20高能推进剂燃烧性能调节研究.结果表明,减小CL-20粒度、增大AP粒度、使用增塑剂Bu-NENA(丁基硝氧乙基硝胺)部分取代硝酸酯增塑剂等途径,均可降低GAP/CL...     

空间拦截轨道快速规划研究

基于冲量变轨理论,针对追踪器通过一次变轨机动对目标的拦截,以普适变量法进行快速轨道规划,给出轨道规划算法及流程.仿真结果表明:该法可快速确定追踪区,并得到最小燃耗对应的变轨点,方法简单,易于实现.