Ariane transfer vehicle in service of man in orbit

The Ariane transfer vehicle (ATV), an Ariane 5 borne, unmanned propulsion vehicle, is designed to transport the logistics needed to resupply the International Space Station (ISS) and the man tended free flyer (MTFF) step 2 with pressurized and unpressurized cargo and to dispose the waste. The ATV is an expendable vehicle and is disposed of by a safe atmospheric burn up. In accordance with the AR5 schedule it should be operational in 1996 for missions toward ISS and beyond the year 2000 for MTFF 2 missions. The main constituents of the proposed ATV are the modified AR5 third stage L5, an upgraded VEB steering the launcher as well as the ATV and the P/L-adaptor providing mechanical and umbilical links to the payload. The mechanical part of the RVD-kit will be placed on the payload-module, the main RVD sensors are located on the adaptor and the needed computer intelligence will be integrated on the VEB. To minimize the development, and recurring costs, the ATV concept fully complies to the idea of maximum use of existing hardware and software, mainly from the AR5, Hermes and Columbus programs thus minimizing development and recurring costs. The ATV is compatible to ISS, MTFF and OMV and is able to transport logistic modules compatible with NSTS and U.S.-expendable launchers.     

探空火箭动力系统优化设计

提出了探空火箭动力系统设计参数优化计算方法.综合考虑了动力系统与火箭外弹道之间的关系.在给定有效载荷、最高射高的条件下,选取动力系统的设计参数使火箭的起飞质量最小.选用了增广拉格朗日法约束优化技术和牛顿迭代法求解数学模型.计算结果表明,该计算方法是合理的.     

基于微波注入网络的电子战装备测试系统研究

通过对新型电子战装备的测试需求分析,提出一种基于微波注入网络的电子战装备测试系统.介绍了该测试系统的功能及工作原理;设计了基于微波注入网络的电子战装备测试系统的结构,并对各模块的功能进行了简单描述;最后对微波注入网络控制精度的关键技术进行了研究.     

航天飞行器防热部件烧蚀行为的数值模拟

对航天飞行器防热部件在氧－煤油发动机火焰喷吹下的烧蚀行为进行了有限元数值模拟。利用“杀死”单元的方法建立防热部件瞬态温度场的有限元模型，实现了烧蚀边界的退缩，从而完成了对烧蚀尺寸变化的定量描述。烧蚀开始于4．59s，到12s时线烧蚀量为1．47mm。计算结果与试验的实测结果一致。     

LISA — a study of the ESA cornerstone mission for observing gravitational waves

The primary objective of the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) mission is to detect and observe gravitational waves from massive black holes and galactic binaries in the frequency range 10⁻⁴ to 10⁻¹ Hz. This low-frequency range is inaccessible to ground-based interferometers because of the unshieldable background of local gravitational noise and because ground-based interferometers are limited in length to a few km. LISA is an ESA cornerstone mission and recently had a system study (Ref. 1) carried out by a consortium led by Astrium, which confirmed the basic configuration for the payload with only minor changes, and provided detailed concepts for the spacecraft and mission design. The study confirmed the need for a drag-free technology demonstration mission to develop the inertial sensors for LISA, before embarking on the build of the flight sensors. With a technology demonstration flight in 2005, it would be possible to carry out LISA as a joint ESA-NASA mission with a launch by 2010 subject to the funding programmatics. The baseline for LISA is three disc-like spacecraft each of which consist of a science module which carries the laser interferometer payload (two in each science module) and a propulsion module containing an ion drive and the hydrazine thrusters of the AOCS. The propulsion module is used for the transfer from earth escape trajectory provided by the Delta II launch to the operational orbit. Once there the propulsion module is jettisoned to reduce disturbances on the payload. Detailed analysis of thermal and gravitational disturbances, a model of the drag-free control and of the interferometer operation confirm that the strain sensitivity of the interferometer will be achieved.     

按降低轨迹灵敏度综合最优设计飞行控制系统

本文提出了一个按降低轨迹灵敏度综合最优设计飞行控制系统的方法。它能使系统具有满意的动态品质,同时对系统参数的变化及非线性产生的影响具有较强的鲁棒性。该设计方法具有通用性和程序化,系统实现简单。     

基于力控制的机器人装配作业实验研究

本文给出了工业机器人完成装配作业的一种实现方案──主动柔顺手腕。从技术的角度解决了主动柔顺手腕在装配过程中的搜孔策略、控制方法、柔顺中心设置、卡阻的避免等问题，最后在Ｍｏｖｅｍａｓｔｅｒ—ＥＸ机器人和ＰＵＭＡ５６２工业机器人上进行了无倒角高精度轴孔配合的实验。     

基于有限元模拟的管材内高压成形模具设计与优化

设计模具需要丰富的生产实践经验,新产品、新工艺的模具设计不可能一次成功,或多或少都会存在一些结构上的不合理或其他缺陷,产品因而不能顺利成形。为了解决这些问题,本文对管材内高压成形的过程用MSC.Marc有限元模拟软件进行模拟,验证模具结构上的合理性,发现存在的缺陷并进行模具的重新优化。这样可以弥补经验设计的不足,缩短了模具设计制造周期,提高了工作效率,避免了因不合理的设计而导致的资源浪费,对类似的模具设计有一定借鉴作用。     

压电驱动二维超精密微动工作台定位补偿系统的研究

本文首先介绍了压电驱动二维微动工作台定位补偿系统的结构特点，然后对微动工作台的性能进行了分析，给出了性能实测结果，最后研究了系统在超精密定位补偿方面的应用。     

发挥学生特质实施个性化词汇教学

词汇学习是语言学习的基础,也是大学英语教学的一个重要内容。文章在描述性统计和定量分析的基础上对大学一年级A级班学生词汇水平得出三种结论:(1)大一新生词汇广度和深度的发展极为不平衡;(2)不同专业对比班在词汇掌握的广度上不存在较大差异;(3)男生学习词汇的能力优于女生。