Ionospheric response of equatorial and low latitude F-region during the intense geomagnetic storm on 24–25 August 2005

In this investigation, we present and discuss the response of the ionospheric F-region in the South American and East Asian sectors during an intense geomagnetic storm in August 2005. The geomagnetic storm studied reached a minimum Dst of −216 nT at 12:00 UT on 24 August. In this work ionospheric sounding data obtained of 24, 25, and 26 August 2005 at Palmas (PAL; 10.2° S, 48.2° W; dip latitude 6.6° S), São José dos Campos (SJC, 23.2° S, 45.9° W; dip latitude 17.6° S), Brazil, Ho Chi Minh City, (HCM; 10.5° N, 106.3° E; dip latitude 2.9° N), Vietnam, Okinawa (OKI; 26.3° N, 127.8° E; dip latitude 21.2° N), Japan, are presented. Also, the GPS observations obtained at different stations in the equatorial and low-latitude regions in the Brazilian sector are presented. On the night of 24–25 August 2005, the h′F variations show traveling ionospheric disturbances associated with Joule heating in the auroral zone from SJC to PAL. The foF2 variations show a positive storm phase on the night of 24–25 August at PAL and SJC during the recovery phase. Also, the GPS-VTEC observations at several stations in the Brazilian sector show a fairly similar positive storm phase on 24 August. During the fast decrease of Dst (between 10:00 and 11:00 UT) on 24 August, there is a prompt penetration of electric field of magnetospheric origin that result in abrupt increase (∼12:00 UT) in foF2 at PAL, SJC (Brazil) and OKI (Japan) and in VTEC at IMPZ, BOMJ, PARA and SMAR (Brazil). OKI showed strong oscillations of the F-region on the night 24 August resulted to the propagation of traveling atmospheric disturbances (TADs) by Joule heating in the auroral region. These effects result a strong positive observed at OKI station. During the daytime on 25 August, in the recovery phase, the foF2 observations showed positive ionospheric storm at HCM station. Some differences in the latitudinal response of the F-region is also observed in the South American and East Asian sectors.     

具有广泛适用性的AOS虚拟信道调度算法

针对现有的基于虚拟信道紧迫度的动态调度算法的不足,提出了一种新的高级在轨系统虚拟信道动态调度算法。该算法首先估算虚拟信道的紧迫度和数据帧的紧迫度,然后用加权系数将二者结合起来构造成一个全新的虚拟信道传送紧迫度函数,再根据该函数的值进行判决调度。对于高级在轨系统中不同速率、不同性质、不同类型的星上数据源,该算法均可通过选择合适的加权系数灵活地分配传输时隙,保证各用户合理、动态地占用物理信道,满足对数据的传输时延要求,因此具有广泛的适用性。理论分析和仿真结果表明,本文提出的算法比基于虚拟信道紧迫度的动态调度算法具有更好的性能     

平面工艺功率型半导体晶体管铝迁移实验

在平面工艺制造的功率型半导体晶体管芯片表面,发现高强度电场条件下存在跨越0.05 mm半绝缘硅带的铝迁移现象,对此开展了一系列实验研究. 通过开帽物理观察与分析、低温测试与烘干验证、迁移物质分析对比,确定了迁移现象中的迁移物质,同时分别取证环境温度、湿度、芯片表面污染物以及器件局部结构与此迁移现象的关联性,以此提出了迁移机理假说,为在不同的诱发条件下对此迁移机理进行确认和量化研究提供指导.      

基于接触状态分析的叶冠阻尼评估与改进设计

采用基于接触状态分析的干摩擦阻尼结构设计方法,针对某型带冠涡轮叶片进行了阻尼评估与改进设计.接触状态包括接触形式和接触参数,通过接触形式从结构上判断结构设计的合理性;通过接触参数从力学性能上评价叶冠的阻尼效果.对叶片的动力特性、接触状态和振动响应进行综合评估分析,找出叶冠结构设计不足之处,并指出具体的改进措施,使叶冠的接触状态及振动响应得到一定的改善,并找到叶冠弦宽稳定工作范围.接触状态能够细致反映出叶冠工作状态下真实的接触情况,为叶冠结构设计和阻尼效果判定提供了更准确、详尽的参考依据.     

A new global version of M(3000)F2 prediction model based on artificial neural networks

A new version of global empirical model for the ionospheric propagation factor, M(3000)F2 prediction is presented. Artificial neural network (ANN) technique was employed by considering the relevant geophysical input parameters which are known to influence the M(3000)F2 parameter. This new version is an update to the previous neural network based M(3000)F2 global model developed by Oyeyemi et al. (2007), and aims to address the inadequacy of the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) M(3000)F2 model (the International Radio Consultative Committee (CCIR) M(3000)F2 model). The M(3000)F2 has been found to be relatively inaccurate in representing the diurnal structure of the low latitude region and the equatorial ionosphere. In particular, the existing hmF2 IRI model is unable to reproduce the sharp post-sunset drop in M(3000)F2 values, which correspond to a sharp post-sunset peak in the peak height of the F2 layer, hmF2. Data from 80 ionospheric stations globally, including a good number of stations in the low latitude region were considered for this work. M(3000)F2 hourly values from 1987 to 2008, spanning all periods of low and high solar activity were used for model development and verification process. The ability of the new model to predict the M(3000)F2 parameter especially in the low latitude and equatorial regions, which is known to be problematic for the existing IRI model is demonstrated.     

Cosmic Ray Energetics And Mass for the International Space Station (ISS-CREAM)

The Cosmic Ray Energetics And Mass (CREAM) instrument is configured with a suite of particle detectors to measure TeV cosmic-ray elemental spectra from protons to iron nuclei over a wide energy range. The goal is to extend direct measurements of cosmic-ray composition to the highest energies practical, and thereby have enough overlap with ground based indirect measurements to answer questions on cosmic-ray origin, acceleration and propagation. The balloon-borne CREAM was flown successfully for about 161 days in six flights over Antarctica to measure elemental spectra of Z = 1–26 nuclei over the energy range 10¹⁰ to >10¹⁴ eV. Transforming the balloon instrument into ISS-CREAM involves identification and replacement of components that would be at risk in the International Space Station (ISS) environment, in addition to assessing safety and mission assurance concerns. The transformation process includes rigorous testing of components to reduce risks and increase survivability on the launch vehicle and operations on the ISS without negatively impacting the heritage of the successful CREAM design. The project status, including results from the ongoing analysis of existing data and, particularly, plans to increase the exposure factor by another order of magnitude utilizing the International Space Station are presented.     

航天器与空间碎片的混合编队重构控制与应用

针对空间碎片清理问题,提出了一种利用航天器与空间碎片混合编队队形重构控制技术捕获碎片的方法。首先,分析了地/月—日系L2拉格朗日平动点附近的限制性三体环境,并建立了编队卫星相对运动动力学模型;其次,提出了以太阳光压力作为航天器与空间碎片编队队形重构的控制力,实现各从星接近空间碎片的目的;最后,设计了基于线性二次型的最优控制器,并在Matlab/Simulink环境下进行仿真实验。仿真结果表明该方法可控制从星到达期望的位置(空间碎片的位置),且太阳帆板的姿态变化在可控范围内,进而证明了该方案可以应用于复杂空间环境下的碎片清理任务。     

The acceleration of Anomalous Cosmic Rays by stochastic acceleration in the heliosheath

Stochastic acceleration in the heliosheath appears to be a likely mechanism by which Anomalous Cosmic Rays (ACRs) are accelerated. However, most stochastic acceleration mechanisms are not appropriate. The energy density in the ACRs and in the interstellar pickup ions out of which the ACRs are accelerated greatly exceeds the energy density in the turbulence in the heliosheath. Thus, a traditional stochastic acceleration mechanism in which particles are accelerated by damping the turbulence will not work. A stochastic acceleration mechanism has been developed in which the total energy of the pickup ions and the ACRs is conserved. Energy is redistributed from the core pickup ions into a suprathermal tail to create the ACRs. A model for the acceleration of the ACRs in the heliosheath, based on this stochastic acceleration mechanism, is presented. The model provides reasonable fits to the spectra of suprathermal particles and ACRs observed by Voyager.     

虚拟化技术在综合化航电系统中的应用

将虚拟化技术应用于航空电子系统的设计,利用虚拟机系统来实现硬件资源的共享管理和软件子系统的划分,并符合ARINC 653规范的要求——模块化、可靠性、隔离性与开放性.构建由硬件平台、虚拟机监视器(VMM,Virtual Machine Monitor)和分区操作系统、航电应用软件所组成的3层软件架构,可以满足综合模块化航电系统(IMA,Integrated Modular Avionics)的功能要求与接口要求.其中,为实现符合ARINC 653要求的VMM,传统分区操作系统需要进行多项关键性调整,包括处理器特权级和特权指令、中断、内存地址空间分配、设备驱动等方面,从而可以构造基于VMM的综合化航空电子系统.     

机翼热气防冰系统设计

利用热流体系统仿真分析平台Flowmaster和计算流体力学软件Fluent进行联合仿真,对机翼热气防冰系统进行了设计和性能分析.设计参数包括防冰系统笛形管热气喷口孔径、孔数及孔间距等参数.基于Flowmaster对所设计的供气管路进行供气流量分配计算.基于Fluent模拟防冰腔内流动与换热,计算了防冰腔的热效率.根据防冰热载荷及热效率结果预测每段缝翼防冰所需热气流量,引入参数供气余度来分析防冰系统热性能.所提出的热气防冰系统设计方法可为热气防冰系统的工程设计与优化提供重要的帮助.