长征运载火箭飞行过程中二级游机提前或推迟关机问题的探讨

论述了具有小推力飞行段的长征运载火箭在飞行过程中二级游机提前或推迟关机的机理,明确给出了游机可能提前或推迟关机的时间范围,为以后的火箭飞行参数判定提供理论依据。     

A Twin-CME Scenario for Ground Level Enhancement Events

Ground Level Enhancement (GLEs) events are extreme Solar Energetic Particle (SEP) events. Protons in these events often reach ～GeV/nucleon. Understanding the underlying particle acceleration mechanism in these events is a major goal for Space Weather studies. In Solar Cycle 23, a total of 16 GLEs have been identified. Most of them have preceding CMEs and in-situ energetic particle observations show some of them are enhanced in ICME or flare-like material. Motivated by this observation, we discuss here a scenario in which two CMEs erupt in sequence during a short period of time from the same Active Region (AR) with a pseudo-streamer-like pre-eruption magnetic field configuration. The first CME is narrower and slower and the second CME is wider and faster. We show that the magnetic field configuration in our proposed scenario can lead to magnetic reconnection between the open and closed field lines that drape and enclose the first CME and its driven shock. The combined effect of the presence of the first shock and the existence of the open close reconnection is that when the second CME erupts and drives a second shock, one finds both an excess of seed population and an enhanced turbulence level at the front of the second shock than the case of a single CME-driven shock. Therefore, a more efficient particle acceleration will occur. The implications of our proposed scenario are discussed.     

Nonclassical Transport and Particle-Field Coupling: from Laboratory Plasmas to the Solar Wind

Understanding transport of thermal and suprathermal particles is a fundamental issue in laboratory, solar-terrestrial, and astrophysical plasmas. For laboratory fusion experiments, confinement of particles and energy is essential for sustaining the plasma long enough to reach burning conditions. For solar wind and magnetospheric plasmas, transport properties determine the spatial and temporal distribution of energetic particles, which can be harmful for spacecraft functioning, as well as the entry of solar wind plasma into the magnetosphere. For astrophysical plasmas, transport properties determine the efficiency of particle acceleration processes and affect observable radiative signatures. In all cases, transport depends on the interaction of thermal and suprathermal particles with the electric and magnetic fluctuations in the plasma. Understanding transport therefore requires us to understand these interactions, which encompass a wide range of scales, from magnetohydrodynamic to kinetic scales, with larger scale structures also having a role. The wealth of transport studies during recent decades has shown the existence of a variety of regimes that differ from the classical quasilinear regime. In this paper we give an overview of nonclassical plasma transport regimes, discussing theoretical approaches to superdiffusive and subdiffusive transport, wave–particle interactions at microscopic kinetic scales, the influence of coherent structures and of avalanching transport, and the results of numerical simulations and experimental data analyses. Applications to laboratory plasmas and space plasmas are discussed.     

Volatile Trapping in Martian Clathrates

Thermodynamic conditions suggest that clathrates might exist on Mars. Despite observations which show that the dominant condensed phases on the surface of Mars are solid carbon dioxide and water ice, clathrates have been repeatedly proposed to play an important role in the distribution and total inventory of the planet’s volatiles. Here we review the potential consequences of the presence of clathrates on Mars. We investigate how clathrates could be a potential source for the claimed existence of atmospheric methane. In this context, plausible clathrate formation processes, either in the close subsurface or at the base of the cryosphere, are reviewed. Mechanisms that would allow for methane release into the atmosphere from an existing clathrate layer are addressed as well. We also discuss the proposed relationship between clathrate formation/dissociation cycles and how potential seasonal variations influence the atmospheric abundances of argon, krypton and xenon. Moreover, we examine several Martian geomorphologic features that could have been generated by the dissociation of extended subsurface clathrate layers. Finally we investigate the future in situ measurements, as well as the theoretical and experimental improvements that will be needed to better understand the influence of clathrates on the evolution of Mars and its atmosphere.     

Numerical study of intrachamber processes dynamics at nozzleless solid propellant rocket engine actuation

The results of the comprehensive numerical analysis for dynamics of intrachamber processes that appear at nozzleless solid propellant rocket engine (SPRE) actuation are presented. A complete cycle of rocket engine operation is analyzed. We solve a conjugate problem involving the igniter actuation; heating, ignition and following combustion of a solid propellant charge; a combustion product flow in the combustion chamber; depressurization of the combustion chamber, and the subsequent motion of the rocket engine blank; variation of the combustion surface geometry at the expense of the gradual and nonuniform burnout of solid propellant web.     

Application of the graph-analytical method of tree risk assessment to study survivability of small trust liquid rocket engines

The present paper discusses a need to develop a methodology of predicting the reliability of small thrust liquid rocket engines with a flow section made of composite materials under actual operating conditions for their successful practical use in the propulsion systems.     

Water and Volatiles in the Outer Solar System

Space Science Reviews - Space exploration and ground-based observations have provided outstanding evidence of the diversity and the complexity of the outer solar system. This work presents our...     

航空发动机润滑系统通用分析软件开发

发展了一种全新的航空发动机润滑系统通用分析软件.采用流动换热的网络算法, 将发动机润滑系统分解成由相应的典型元件和节点组成的网络, 用有限的元件和流动介质类型就可描述通用的发动机润滑系统.元件分为简单元件和组合元件, 并和润滑系统结构一一对应, 方便了元件的初始化.软件前台采用图形建模方式生成计算网络, 后台采用了网络自动识别技术, 方便了复杂网络的建立.可视化界面及支撑数据库, 提高了软件的易用性.      

学科间载荷参数空间插值传递方法

针对多学科优化分析中面面耦合学科网格间载荷传递的问题, 提出了在参数空间中的三次函数插值传递方法.该方法将三维空间的源学科载荷点投影到二维参数空间平面上, 用三次插值函数对目标点载荷进行计算.此方法解决了叶片表面弯曲对载荷传递精度的影响.某涡轮叶片温度传递的结果表明本文的方法具有很高的精度.      

航空发动机数控系统中LVDT传感器信号处理及在线故障检测

通过对线位移差动变压器(LVDT)信号处理电路的深刻研究, 给出了芯片发热、温漂、信号精度等问题的一般解决方法, 提出了一种通过软、硬件结合, 在不增加外围器件的情况下对LVDT传感器进行在线故障检测的定值判断法.发动机台架试验结果表明, 所提出的方法是行之有效的.