基于地磁场模型修正的自主定轨

地磁场模型存在的误差是磁测定轨精度较低的主要原因之一,为提高自主定轨的精度,本文采用扩展卡尔曼滤波作为处理磁测自主导航问题的滤波算法,以磁强计及星敏感器输出信号为测量信息,对卫星的位置及速度信息进行了估计,并对地磁场模型中几个重要的高斯系数进行了估计与修正。最后给出了数学仿真算例。     

单周控制方法在电静液作动器无刷直流电机系统中的应用

电静液作动器(EHA)要求无刷直流电机能够频繁起动和制动,并具有较快的动态响应。针对常规PID控制在非线性系统中应用的不足,将单周控制方法用于EHA无刷直流电机系统中,采用单周控制器控制电机的力矩输出,以提高系统的抗干扰能力和动态性能,采用常规的PI控制器完成系统的位置和转速控制,系统结构简单且容易实现。仿真结果表明,电流环引入单周控制方法后,系统的快速性更好,稳态运行下电机转速、转矩波动更小。以1台转角功率为28 kW的EHA和FPGA+DSP结构的数字控制器为平台进行试验,试验结果验证了基于单周控制的EHA系统具有优良的稳态和动态性能。     

一种具有电压支撑功能的改进无功注入策略

电压跌落是输配电系统面临的最严重的问题之一。随着分布式光伏电源在电力系统中的渗透率越来越高,国内外最新标准要求光伏逆变器必须具备低电压穿越能力。为了消除有功功率振荡,在传统的正/负序控制基础上提出了一种改进的有功/无功注入策略;针对现有电压支撑方法缺乏电压抬升范围控制,将三相电压幅值作为控制目标,详细推导了适用于不同电压跌落情况下的数学模型,得出为保证各相电压均保持在安全运行范围之内所需注入无功功率参考值。仿真结果验证了所提策略的正确性和有效性。     

航空发动机部件级模型实时性提高方法研究

基于大涵道比涡扇发动机部件级模型,从减少单次流路计算耗时和降低单步流路计算次数两方面研究提高模型实时性的方法。测试并分析了发动机各模块单步计算耗时,通过建立气体热力属性插值表,使模型单次流路计算耗时减少80%,在3.3GHz Intel CPU平台下模型单次流路计算耗时0.02ms,在168MHz STM32F407硬件平台下耗时1.55ms。研究了不同收敛残差对模型流路计算次数及仿真精度的影响。仿真结果表明:相比Newton-Raphson法,Broyden法流路计算次数更少;将迭代求解残差由0.0001调整至0.001或0.005,模型流路计算次数显著减少,低压转速仿真偏差在0.2%以内。     

Drag derived altitude aided navigation method

The navigation problem of the lifting reentry vehicles has attracted much research interest in the past decade.This paper researches the navigation in the blackout zone during the reentry phase of the aircraft,when the communication signals are attenuated and even interrupted by the blackout zone.However,when calculating altitude,a pure classic inertial navigation algorithm appears imprecise and divergent.In order to obtain a more precise aircraft altitude,this paper applies an integrated navigation method based on inertial navigation algorithms,which uses drag derived altitude to aid the inertial navigation during the blackout zone.This method can overcome the shortcomings of the inertial navigation system and improve the navigation accuracy.To further improve the navigation accuracy,the applicable condition and the main error factors,such as the atmospheric coefficient error and drag coefficient error are analyzed in detail.Then the damping circuit design of the navigation control system and the damping coefficients determination is introduced.The feasibility of the method is verified by the typical reentry trajectory simulation,and the influence of the iterative times on the accuracy is analyzed.Simulation results show that iterative three times achieves the best effect.     

超燃冲压发动机壁板振动对燃烧室性能的影响

为了研究超燃冲压发动机壁板振动对燃烧室性能的影响,以改进后的JNAL模型为研究对象,分别对上游壁板和下游壁板施加强迫振动,研究振动幅值、频率、波长对燃烧效率和总压损失系数的影响。对于本文的计算模型,结果表明:(1)壁板振动对燃烧室性能产生明显的影响,提高燃烧效率的同时也提高了总压损失系数;(2)对于上游和下游壁板振动而言,振幅和波长对燃烧性能的影响规律基本相同,燃烧效率和总压损失系数随振幅的增加而增加,最大增加幅度分别达到了40.52%和55.74%,随波长的减小而增加,且波长较小时,燃烧室性能变化较敏感;(3)对于上游壁板振动而言,随频率的增加,燃烧效率和总压损失系数先略有下降,后单调增加,但是,对下游壁板振动而言,随频率的增加,燃烧效率和总压损失系数先增加后减小,且当振动频率与下游流场压力脉动的主频率接近时,壁板振动对燃烧室性能的影响达到最大,燃烧效率和总压损失系数增加的幅度分别达到了75.42%和65.68%。     

弧齿锥齿轮齿面拓扑修形及加工参数计算

为了能够实现对齿面啮合性能的灵活控制,针对弧齿锥齿轮小轮提出一种齿面拓扑修形方法,即借助二阶曲面对齿面偏差拓扑的近似表达,将齿面拓扑修形分解为5个方向:螺旋角修正、压力角修正、齿长曲率修正、齿廓曲率修正及齿面挠率修正,通过改变5个方向的修形系数对小轮齿面拓扑结构进行自由控制。在此基础上,建立齿面偏差与机床加工参数之间的修正数学模型,通过构建敏感性矩阵并采用最小二乘法求解,反求出获得修形齿面的小轮加工参数,以便指导加工。以一对弧齿锥齿轮副为例进行修形啮合分析,仿真结果表明:选取齿长曲率修形系数为0.0001,齿廓曲率修形系数为0.0005,齿面挠率修形系数为0.0003,对齿面进行拓扑修形后传动误差幅值为-25.60″,接触迹线倾斜角度变为54.7°,相比原始结果啮合性能得到改善。滚检接触区与理论仿真结果一致,验证了修形方法的有效性。      

Relay selection in cooperative communication systems over continuous time-varying fading channel

In this paper, we study relay selection under outdated channel state information (CSI) in a decode-and-forward (DF) cooperative system. Unlike previous researches on cooperative commu-nication under outdated CSI, we consider that the channel varies continuously over time, i.e., the channel not only changes between relay selection and data transmission but also changes during data transmission. Thus the level of accuracy of the CSI used in relay selection degrades with data transmission. We first evaluate the packet error rate (PER) of the cooperative system under contin-uous time-varying fading channel, and find that the PER performance deteriorates more seriously under continuous time-varying fading channel than when the channel is assumed to be constant during data transmission. Then, we propose a repeated relay selection (RRS) strategy to improve the PER performance, in which the forwarded data is divided into multiple segments and relay is reselected before the transmission of each segment based on the updated CSI. Finally, we propose a combined relay selection (CRS) strategy which takes advantage of three different relay selection strategies to further mitigate the impact of outdated CSI.     

火箭发动机尾部结构优化研究

针对火箭发动机尾部壳体烧穿故障导致系统级失效的突出问题,运用贝叶斯网络模型推得影响系统可靠性的薄弱环节,结合试件性能与残骸分解数据,分析系统故障机理。采用有限元数值计算手段,由流场计算分析固定支架结构破坏后发动机内流场情况,进而明确系统结构优化方案。经结构优化考核试验,火箭发动机外壁温升降低62.17%,系统可靠性提高0.62%,实现可靠性增长的目的。     

CVD技术制备Ta/W层状复合材料

运用化学气相沉积(Chemical Vapor Deposition,CVD)技术制备了W体积分数分别10%,13%和18%的Ta/W两层层状复合材料,采用金相显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)和室温拉伸实验对复合材料的性能进行分析。结果表明:运用CVD技术可以制备W体积分数不同,且密度优于理论密度99.4%的层状复合材料;复合材料中Ta,W层的晶粒均为柱状晶粒,离界面越近,晶粒越细;沉积态复合材料的力学性能优于纯CVD Ta和CVD W;1600℃×2 h的热处理后,复合材料的界面扩散层宽度显著增大,力学性能高于沉积态的力学性能,最高抗拉强度可达660 MPa。