基于频域分析的ROSAR成像算法

在现有的ROSAR(Synthetic Aperture Radar with Rotating antennas)成像算法中,基于斜距泰勒级数展开的算法存在方位向失配问题,时域相关卷积算法不能快速校正距离弯曲.频域ROSAR成像算法采用驻相点原理,直接对ROSAR回波信号进行二维频域变换,保留回波信号的频谱特征,进而构造相应的频域去耦函数和频域匹配函数,实现频域距离弯曲校正和目标场景重构.仿真结果表明,该算法能够快速校正距离弯曲及有效克服方位向失配问题.     

首次交会对接任务发射场加注安全保障改进

载人航天器加注是航天器研制过程中安全风险最高、危险作业工序最多的环节,必须采取严密的安全防护措施,确保万无一失.通过实践探索积累经验,全面周密的设计论证,对原有加注硬件条件进行改造,工作流程进行优化,从而大幅提高本质安全度,并在首次交会对接任务中加以应用和验证,取得了良好的效果,圆满完成了“天宫一号”、“神舟八号”发射...     

进气径向畸变对燃烧室性能影响研究与预测

针对燃气轮机在实际运行过程中燃烧室进口速度分布不均匀问题,采用数值模拟方法对直流环形燃烧室开展数值模拟计算,分析了不同进气速度畸变位置与畸变强度下燃烧室的流场与温度分布特性,并给出了一种畸变条件下燃烧室性能预测模型。结果表明：不同进气速度径向畸变位置与畸变强度对扩压器内和机匣前段流场形态影响较大,燃烧室空气分配比例改变,温度分布有所差异。燃烧室工况改变对空气分配比例、燃烧效率和总压损失的影响不大。进气速度畸变对燃烧效率影响不大,主要影响到总压损失的变化。随着畸变程度提高,空气分配比例变化明显,总压损失随之增大。进气畸变对燃烧室出口温度分布的影响规律较为复杂,影响程度与进气畸变的不均匀度、畸变形式和工况密切相关,变化范围为-30%～20%。在此基础上,给出了适用于进气径向畸变条件下的燃烧室部件特性预测模型,经验证预测模型的误差在3.5%以下。     

Design and optimization of a novel electrically controlled high pressure fuel injection system for heavy fuel aircraft piston engine

The heavy fuel compression ignition engines are widely equipped as aircraft piston engines. The fuel injection system is one of the key technologies that determines the performance of engine. One of the main challenges is to precisely control the injected fuel quantity and flow rate in the presence of pressure fluctuation. This challenge is even more serious for heavy fuel. An original design for electrically controlled high pressure fuel injection system called Multi-Pumppressure-reservoirs fuel injection System(MPS) was demonstrated to reduce the pressure fluctuation and help keep injection stable. MPS was compared with an ordinary high pressure Common Rail fuel injection System(CRS). This work established one-dimensional AMESim and mathematical models for both CRS and MPS to study the effect of different structures and geometric parameters on the pressure fluctuations. The calculations show that the average fuel pressure fluctuation of MPS can be reduced by 57% for the crankshaft speed of 1900 r/min, and the pressure fluctuation before injection reduced by 100%. It is concluded that the pressure performance of MPS is less sensitive to pressure reservoir volume than that of CRS, and there is an opportunity for further volume reduction.     

高空环境下喷嘴参数对航空活塞发动机燃烧与性能的影响

以一台四缸四冲程压燃式航空煤油活塞发动机为研究机型,运用工程系统高级建模和仿真平台软件(AMESim)仿真软件建立了发动机的整机模型,并使用台架实验的采集数据对该仿真模型进行了验证。在高空环境中,仿真分析了飞行器起飞工况、最大巡航工况下发动机喷油器的不同喷孔数、孔径对发动机燃烧过程、性能和NOx排放特性的影响。计算结果表明:稳态工况下,随着喷孔数的增加,最高燃烧压力和温度增加,瞬时放热率增长速度快且峰值上升;同时,缸内预混燃烧得到强化,燃烧始点提前,滞燃期和燃烧持续期缩短,燃烧重心前移,循环热效率增高,但同时会提高NOx的生成量;在飞行器瞬态变海拔的起飞工况下,多喷孔数、小孔径的喷油嘴有利于航空活塞发动机在高空环境下恢复发动机功率,提升飞行器的动力性和续航性能。      

高硅氧纤维增强苯并噁嗪树脂复合材料的制备及性能

以苯并噁嗪为基体树脂,短切高硅氧纤维为增强材料,制备了一种模压用复合材料。研究了该树脂的热性能、固化动力学性能及力学性能。结果表明,苯并噁嗪增强高硅氧纤维混合物随固化温度升高工艺窗口未发生显著变化,利用Kissinger、Crane法得到固化反应活化能为69.619 kJ/mol,反应级数为0.95。复合材料拉伸强度为35.5 MPa,,压缩强度为196 MPa,线烧蚀率为0.14 mm /s.     

液体推进剂热稳定性研究方法探讨

为研究液体推进剂的热分解特性,利用差示扫描量热仪（DSC）和绝热加速量热仪（ARC）,对自行研制的3种液体推进剂进行了热分解过程研究,并对其热稳定性进行了探讨.分析了DSC和ARC两种方法在研究液体推进剂热分解方面的优劣性.     

Dynamical Model Updating Based on Modal Tests with Changed Structure

A new approach to modifying the stiffness and mass matrices of finite element models is presented to improve the calculation precision. By measuring the mode frequencies and shapes of both of the original and the new structures with changed stiffness and mass, the stiffness and mass matrices of the finite element model can be updated through matrices calculation and solving algebra equations. Taking a multi-freedom model as an example, the relation between the number of the modes and the correction precision of stiffness and mass matrix elements is researched. The facility and precision of the method are totally confirmed especially when the modeling error is known limited to a definite local range. The feasibility of the approach is proven by an effective engineering application to the model updating of a wing piece used in flutter test.     

星敏感器光谱探测能力用地面模拟测试系统设计

为实现对星敏感器光谱探测能力的测试和标定, 研制了一套可模拟恒星光谱的地面标定系统, 要求其光谱模拟精度优于10%. 采用光谱分布可控、光强可调的模拟照明系统作为地面标定系统的核心器件来模拟恒星光谱变化, 设计高成像质量准直光学系统使模拟星图成平行光出射, 在光学系统出瞳处产生星图, 完成具有恒星光谱信息的高精度星图模拟. 进而利用Lighttools建立标定系统的光谱仿真模型, 仿真结果表明恒星光谱模拟精度优于10%.