一种基于图像的模型迎角实时测量方法和应用研究

模型迎角的测量是风洞试验中非常重要的环节.使用图像的测量方法能够在不影响模型的情况下对它的角度进行非接触的测量.提出了一种采用图像对模型迎角进行测量的方法,对系统的设备组成、测量原理等方面进行了说明,通过对图像畸变的矫正来修正成像系统本身的测量误差.通过采用图像分层、特征提取和自适应阈值分割等快速图像处理方法实现了对模型迎角的实时测量.分析了风洞试验时振动对测量的影响,进行了测量精度检验,对风洞试验结果进行了简要分析.     

Progress of Earth Observation in China

Sustainability is the current theme of global development, and for China, it is not only an opportunity but also a challenge. In 2016, the Paris Agreement on climate change was adopted, addressing the need to limit the rise of global temperatures. The United Nations (UN) has set Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to transform our world in terms of closely linking human well-being, economic prosperity, and healthy environments. Sustainable development requires the support of spatial information and objective evaluation, and the capability of macroscopic, rapid, accurate Earth observation techniques plays an important role in sustainable development. Recently, Earth observation technologies are developing rapidly in China, where scientists are building coordinated, comprehensive and sustainable Earth observation systems for global monitoring programs. Recent efforts include the Digital Belt and Road Program (DBAR) and comparative studies of the "three poles". This and other researches will provide powerful support for solving problems such as global change and environmental degradation.     

1．6GHz～2．8GHz宽带高增益低噪声放大器

介绍了1.6 GHz～2.8 GHz宽带高增益低噪声放大器的研制工作.采用微波宽带匹配和CAD技术,利用网络分析的方法,研制出了符合整机要求的微波放大器.其主要性能指标为工作频率1.6 GHz～2.8 GHz,增益≥50 dB,增益平坦度≤±1 dB,噪声系数≤2 dB.     

面向空间抓取任务的目标轮廓跟踪方法

在空间抓取任务中,视场背景复杂,光照条件变化剧烈,而且存在相对运动。文章提出了一种新的动态轮廓特征检测跟踪方法。首先在灰度梯度法基础上,引入形状匹配、面积筛选和自适应灰度阈值调整方法,提高了轮廓提取的鲁棒性。随后,基于该提取结果,利用图像序列的时域相关约束辅助GVFSnake算法进行轮廓跟踪,提升了动态检测速度。最后,考虑到空间抓取任务的实时性需求,采用CUDA运算架构对算法进行并行化处理,并对一组序贯图像序列进行了轮廓跟踪实验。实验结果表明,此方法在CUDA平台下轮廓跟踪速率达到了10帧/s,在保证轮廓检测的准确性的基础上,明显改善了检测速度。     

基于MSER的无人机图像建筑区域提取

对建筑区域自动检测与提取是无人机(UAV,Unmanned Aerial Vehicle)图像处理的一项重要功能.在分析无人机成像特点和最大稳定极值区域(MSER,Maximum Stable Extremal Regions)算法对无人机侦察图像建筑区域检测的适用性基础上,提出了一种基于MSER的无人机侦察图像建筑区域提取算法.算法包含5步:无人机图像预处理,运用MSER算法分析计算图像稳定区域,通过计算稳定区域密度筛选建筑区域,进一步利用自适应K均值聚类算法对建筑区进行划分,最后采用Graham算法生成建筑区的边界从而实现了建筑区的自动提取.选取无人机实飞图像数据进行实验统计,本算法提取精度为92.25%;同时与基于Gabor变换的纹理特征、SIFT特征点的提取算法相比,建筑区域提取时间缩短,满足无人机实时应用需求.      

基于四面体的三维流线构造

流线是计算流体力学(CFD,Computational Fluid Dynamics)矢量可视化研究的重要技术.基于四面体单元,首先将点云数据场六面体单元分割成四面体单元,存储四面体之间的邻接关系;然后据此逐步将点定位到数据场中四面体单元内;再根据流线上速度矢量方向的变化量和四面体单元网格的内切球半径,自适应确定积分步长,以解决积分步长太小影响流线追踪速度或步长太大影响流线精度问题;最后利用龙格库塔数值积分法求得流线上点,并根据点定位和调整积分步长构造出三维流线.由于该算法避免了传统流线追踪算法中Jacobian矩阵逆变换,因而减小了矩阵转换过程带来的误差,提高了流线追踪的精度和效率.      

TLS密码套件的流量数据随机性分析

密码套件是安全传输层协议(TLS)实现安全通信的基石,包含了密钥交换算法、对称密码算法和消息摘要算法,其中对称密码算法被用于实际通信的数据加密。通过对真实流量的采集与分析,得出了不同TLS密码套件在现网中的分布情况。设计了一种基于密文图像重构、美国国家标准与技术研究院随机性测试套件、卷积神经网络(CNN)等手段的分析方法,对现网主流对称密码算法(AES、ChaCha20)与其他常见对称密码算法(DES、3DES、RC2、RC4)的密文随机性进行分析。实验结果表明:参与对比的所有对称密码算法在电子密码本(ECB)模式下其密文均具有较差的随机性,无法通过大多数测试;AES与ChaCha20二种主流TLS对称密码算法在除ECB模式下其密文均具有良好的随机性,对基于CNN与随机森林的密码算法识别也具有抵抗能力。研究成果可为TLS密码套件的选择与加密流量的深层分析提供参考。      

Effect of salt stress on growth and physiology in amaranth and lettuce: Implications for bioregenerative life support system

Growing plants can be used to clean waste water in bioregenerative life support system (BLSS). However, NaCl contained in the human urine always restricts plant growth and further reduces the degree of mass cycle closure of the system (i.e. salt stress). This work determined the effect of NaCl stress on physiological characteristics of plants for the life support system. Amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor L. var. Huahong) and leaf lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. Luoma) were cultivated at nutrient solutions with different NaCl contents (0, 1000, 5000 and 10,000 ppm, respectively) for 10 to 18 days after planted in the Controlled Ecological Life Support System Experimental Facility in China. Results showed that the two plants have different responses to the salt stress. The amaranth showed higher salt-tolerance with NaCl stress. If NaCl content in the solution is below 5000 ppm, the salt stress effect is insignificant on above-ground biomass output, leaf photosynthesis rate, Fv/Fm, photosynthesis pigment contents, activities of antioxidant enzymes, and inducing lipid peroxidation. On the other hand, the lettuce is sensitive to NaCl which significantly decreases those indices of growth and physiology. Notably, the lettuce remains high productivity of edible biomass in low NaCl stress, although its salt-tolerant limitation is lower than amaranth. Therefore, we recommended that amaranth could be cultivated under a higher NaCl stress condition (<5000 ppm) for NaCl recycle while lettuce should be under a lower NaCl stress (<1000 ppm) for water cleaning in future BLSS.     

微型镓场发射电推力器的推力和比冲测量

电推进技术的发展推动了微推力测量技术和比冲测量技术的研究进程。为了评估已研制出的微型镓场发射电推力器的性能,进行了推力和比冲测量。研制了一种用于场发射电推力器的微推力测量平台;进行了LabVIEW开发;对测量平台进行了标定与分析,并通过试验比较了推力实测值与理论值,实测值范围为3~28μN。另外,利用飞行时间法,测得推力器在不同发射电流下的比冲数据,比冲范围为5917~8875s。