轴编C/C复合材料组分材料有效性能

利用光学显微镜观测和测量轴编C/C复合材料细观编织结构及其尺寸,建立轴编C/C复合材料有限元模型,通过给出组分材料有效性能的变化区间,构造组分材料性能与轴编C/C复合材料宏观有效性能的对应关系,利用径向基函数(RBF)人工神经网络(ANN)方法,对该高度非线性的对应关系进行训练,通过轴编C/C复合材料宏观实验结果,预报其组分材料的有效性能。结果表明,轴编C/C复合材料面内弹性性能基本相同,在测量时可忽略面内纤维束铺设方向的影响;人工神经网络对训练样本有一定的依赖性,但通过多次随机构造样本训练网络,可得到理想的预测结果,且人工神经网络方法具有很好的容错性,能很好地预报轴编C/C复合材料组分材料的有效性能。     

冷却速度对TG6钛合金均温区组织性能的影响

通过焊接热模拟试验研究冷却速度对TG6钛合金焊接热模拟均温区组织性能的影响。结果表明:在空冷状态下均温区达到最佳的性能,随着冷却速度的增大,均温区的抗拉强度稍有提高,拉伸延伸率及断面收缩率没有明显变化;冲击韧性空冷达到最大值,水冷稍有下降;显微硬度随冷却速度增大而增加。     

Short-term variation of cosmic ray diurnal anisotropy and solar activity

A correlative analysis has been made between cosmic ray intensity and solar activity (sunspot numbers) during high amplitude days for the period 1991–1995. The high amplitude days with the time of maximum in the corotational/azimuthal direction do not indicate any significant correlation with solar activity. The diurnal amplitude significantly remains constant and high (0.5%) during the entire period. Our observations suggest that the direction of the anisotropy of high amplitude anisotropic wave train events contribute significantly to the short-term behavior of the cosmic ray diurnal anisotropy. The correlation coefficient is found to remain positive during solar activity maximum for all the high amplitude anisotropic wave train events.     

空间微小碎片累积作用下材料光学性能退化预示模型适用性研究

航天器在轨服役期间会遭受到大量空间微小碎片和微流星体的撞击作用,其中的微米级粒子将在航天器表面产生大面积砂蚀现象,并使材料或器件功能衰退。文章介绍了NASA空间微小碎片累积损伤材料光学性能退化预示模型并推导了两个预示模型之间的关系。利用ORDEM2000碎片分布模型估算了K8玻璃累积损伤面积。以K8玻璃为例,对比研究了两个预示模型的适用性。结果表明,当航天器外表面损伤程度小于40%,可利用Canoon模型评价和预示材料光学性能退化规律;当航天器外表面损伤程度大于40%,需利用Mirtich模型评价和预示材料光学性能退化规律。     

发动机试车控制软件工程化及质量管理

为提高发动机试车控制软件的可靠性,通过需求分析、概要设计、详细设计、软件测试等步骤实现了软件开发工程化。结合试验控制软件研制和使用特点,对软件质量管理的具体步骤,即从设计评审、测试、验证、文档及技术状态管理等方面对软件开发过程进行监督与管理,实现了软件开发的质量控制,达到了软件设计的透明性、继承性及高可靠性。     

航天器DC/DC变换器启动特性建模分析研究

介绍和分析了单管正激型DC/DC变换器的工作原理,指出变换器内置输入滤波器决定了其启动瞬间阻抗特性;提出变换器内置滤波器构成了二阶欠阻尼系统,当有阶跃电压输入时,滤波电容充电电流会产生衰减振荡,即为浪涌电流产生的根本原因。在此基础上,文章运用＂拉普拉斯变换＂对浪涌电流的计算公式进行了推导,并推导出浪涌电流的时域公式。提出了单管正激型DC/DC变换器启动特性仿真模型的建立方法,并通过试验验证了仿真模型建立的有效性。     

脉冲发动机陶瓷隔板的设计和试验研究

提出了陶瓷隔板及其组件的设计方法,对陶瓷隔板结构进行应力计算,得到了符合工作要求的陶瓷隔板结构形式。对有无刻痕的2个陶瓷隔板进行了耐压和破碎试验,并对试验结果进行了分析。研究表明,采用可切削加工玻璃陶瓷材料设计的等厚度圆拱形隔板具有凸侧耐压高不易破碎、凹侧耐压低易破碎的特点,满足脉冲发动机隔板使用要求。隔板拱顶和隔板与预紧压盖接触边界附近为应力较大区域。有刻痕隔板虽未完全按刻痕破碎,但刻痕减小了隔板碎片形状和尺寸的随机性,有助于形成规则的破口形状。     

建设社会主义新农村视角下对河北省农民体育生活方式问题的研究

通过调整农村居民的生活行为以及价值观念,引导他们养成经常锻炼的习惯,从而形成一种健康的体育生活方式,提高生活质量。选取河北省廊坊、沧州、衡水、唐山、张家口、石家庄6个市2000名农村居民进行问卷调查。结果显示:体育消费水平不高,仅占总收入的2.53%;运动项目选择上以技术不高的慢跑占17.1%,长走13.7%,歌舞13.4%;体育锻炼活动的场所上以自家庭院占29.7%,选择田间、地头、街道路边占22.42%;活动形式上个人锻炼占36.1%,与村民结伙锻炼占26.3%;闲暇时间分配不均,参加体育活动仅占5.1%。     

High-speed streams of the solar wind near the earths’s orbit and their sources on the sun according to stereoscopic observations in the minimum of the 23rd cycle

Based on the results of plasma and magnetic measurements at three different points of the heliosphere and telescopic observations of the Sun from these points we study simultaneously high-speed streams (HSS) of the solar wind (SW) near the Earths’s orbit and coronal holes (CH) that have generated them. The data from spacecraft STEREO-A, STEREO-B, ACE, and SOHO are used together with ground-based observations from March 2007 to May 2008. In this period there existed HSS whose sources represented CH of various polarity, geometry, and location relative to the heliographic and heliomagnetic equators. Dependence of SW parameters on mutual positions of spacecraft with respect to CH and heliospheric current sheet, and also on heliolatitude and geometry of the CH is revealed. A difference of more than 5° in locations of spacecraft with respect to the heliospheric current sheet in November 2007 allowed us to discover a heliolatitude velocity gradient of the SW streams between the STEREO-A and STEREO-B spacecraft. On the average this gradient at that time was equal to 20 km/s per degree. Substantial variations in SW streams associated with variations of the HSS SW sources during a few hours or days were also observed. This variability makes it difficult to use the data of spacecraft STEREO-B for sufficiently accurate prediction of SW properties in the near-Earth space by the method of simple advanced ti me shift due to heliolongitude difference between a spacecraft and the Earth even in solar activity minimum.