Canada's role on space station

The paper addresses the evolution of the Canadian Space Station Program between 1981 and 2003. Discussions with potential international partners, aimed at jointly developing the current International Space Station program, were initiated by NASA in 1982. Canada chose, through the further development of the technologies of Canadarm on the space shuttle, to provide and operate an advanced and comprehensive external robotics system for space station, and to use the space station for scientific and commercial purposes. The program was to become a corner-stone of the new Canadian Space Agency. The development phase of the Canadian Space Station Program has been completed and two of the three major elements are currently operational in space.     

Pre-cometary ice composition from hot core chemistry

Pre-cometary ice located around star-forming regions contains molecules that are pre-biotic compounds or pre-biotic precursors. Molecular line surveys of hot cores provide information on the composition of the ice since it sublimates near these sites. We have combined a hydrostatic hot core model with a complex network of chemical reactions to calculate the time-dependent abundances of molecules, ions, and radicals. The model considers the interaction between the ice and gas phase. It is applied to the Orion hot core where high-mass star formation occurs, and to the solar-mass binary protostar system IRAS 16293-2422. Our calculations show that at the end of the hot core phase both star-forming sites produce the same prebiotic CN-bearing molecules. However, in the Orion hot core these molecules are formed in larger abundances. A comparison of the calculated values with the abundances derived from the observed line data requires a chemically unprocessed molecular cloud as the initial state of hot core evolution. Thus, it appears that these objects are formed at a much younger cloud stage than previously thought. This implies that the ice phase of the young clouds does not contain CN-bearing molecules in large abundances before the hot core has been formed. The pre-biotic molecules synthesized in hot cores cause a chemical enrichment in the gas phase and in the pre-cometary ice. This enrichment is thought to be an important extraterrestrial aspect of the formation of life on Earth and elsewhere.     

小卫星的空间操作

ＣＡＴ空间系统公司（原ＤＳＩ）在８０及９０年代的“小卫星”计划中起了重要的作用。传统低轨卫星的设计、制造、发射及操作成本高，时间长。这些问题一直在激励人们去开发新的工艺、技术，以及低成本、毋需严格调整的卫星。这些卫星采用低功率“小卫星”通信设备（ＴＤＲＳＳ用于ＮＡＳＡ低轨星则要求大功率），通常搭载不需要大量冗余备份系统并且不需要大型地面设备和人员保障的有效载荷／实验设备。这种小型且适应性强的卫星还     

带微处理器的超声流速测量系统

本文介绍了带微处理器的超声流速测量系统,该系统仅采用一个传送器和接收器装置,它是以测量流体处于静止状态和运动状态时,在设定的时间间隔中所传送的脉冲数之差为基础的.     

端羧基聚丁二烯(CTPB)推进剂的进展

用作优良粘合剂组份的端羧基聚丁二稀聚合物,由于其均匀的分子结构和化学反应性提供给推进剂良好的力学性能。本文是关于新的端羧基聚丁二稀和推进剂的进展。作者们共同研究的新CTPB 已从工业基地日本合成橡胶公司推荐给推进剂制造者。对日本合成橡胶公司的端羧基聚丁二稀的特性,特别是关于分子结构和粘合剂性能方面已进行了试验研究。     

Two hundred thirty-seven days in Salyut-7

A cosmonaut describes the long-duration Salyut-7 flight in 1984. The third visit to the orbital station provided many opportunities to advance knowledge about living and working in space. The stay on Salyut-7 was supported by three manned Soyuz-T visits and five Progress cargo ships. Scientists conducted a number of astrophysical experiments and acquired experience in spacecraft maintenance and repair. Medical research and control on 33 parameters were carried out for 87 of the 237 days.     

用于火箭发动机的凯夫拉纤维和玻璃纤维缠绕复合材料的表征

为了表征当前火箭发动机工业中常用的一些壳体复合材料特性,我们做了大量的工作。本文介绍了工作的结果,并且特别注意到了这样一个事实,即这些纤维缠绕材料是在固化炉中固化的,与“飞机”型在热压釜中固化的铺层方法比较,此方法对材料的力学性能会有影响。本文涉及到的所有试样都是从纤维缠绕的样品中取得的。 本研究的目的是评价和鉴定具有当前水平的表征试验方法:测定纤维取向的作用、试验方法和温度对性能的影响;表征复合材料有限元分析中用的所有正交各向异性弹性常数的特性;建立测预和实测性能间的关系;确定今后努力的方向。 我们对四种材料系统进行了表征,它们是:凯夫拉49、涂复有DC-20松粘剂的凯夫拉49、S-2玻璃和341型S-2玻璃布。环氧系统是“刚性”酸酐双酚A环氧,其杨氏模量为2827MPa。凯夫拉试样的准备工作有一些困难,为了获得合适的样品,不得不采用优于高压水喷射或传统机加的激光切割,但在切割涂复有松粘剂的凯夫拉时仍有问题,因为这种材料的层间强度很低。 板片状和环向缠绕环的拉伸试验给出了相当的数据,而且获得了与纤维取向有关的刚性变化和传统叠层理论二者之间极好的相关性。对用各种剪切方法获得的数据进行了比较,它表明与轴线成10°的叠层较之环向缠绕管状试样,其剪切模量高,但剪切     

一次性使用/空间运输系统火箭轨道转移级的液体推进技术

分析用于各种上面级的轨道转移飞行器(OTV)最佳液体推进设计方案,研究了17.7—26t低地球轨道(LEO)级运载火箭有效载荷级用的高/低压地面可贮存推进系统技术及高性能、低推力低温推进方案.以LEO高度100nmile、比冲340s、质量比0.90为基本标准,通过计算给出质量比在0.88—0.92及比冲在320—500s范围内的性能     

2090Al-Li合金的氢脆

众所周知,在其它传统高强铝合金已观察过的浸蚀环境中,氢气在 Al-Li 合金力学性能降低上扮演着一个重要的角色。在本研究中,通过充氢样品的拉伸试验,检测了氢对2090Al-Li 合金力学性能的影响。在 HCl 溶液中,对拉伸样品采用阴极充氢并在不同的温度和应变速率下进行试验。发现:氢的影响随着充氢的时间增加而增大,但随试验温度下降而减小;还发现:在293K 处,随着应变速率的下降,氢的影响增加。