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261.
GPS接收机的进展已可用于空间导航和姿态确定。正在研制的GPSTensor^TM将作为空间固态GPS姿态和轨道确定接收机,并将进行质量合格检验。 相似文献
262.
1992年夏,随着极紫外探测卫星一起发射了一台单频GPS接收机。EUVE卫星轨道低,并在星体上直接安装了二个天线,可用来研究误差源,以及未来卫星可达到的定轨精度。利用GIPSY-OASISⅡ软件处理了几段GPS数据。 相似文献
263.
The electrical activity of the brain (EEG) has been recorded during parabolic flights in trained astronauts and non trained volunteers as well. The Fast Fourier analysis of the EEG activity evidenced more asymmetry between the two brain hemispheres in the subjects who suffered from motion sickness than in the others. However, such a FFT classification does not lead to a discrimination between deterministic and stochastic events. Therefore, a first attempt was made to calculate the dimensionality of "chaotic attractors" in the EEG patterns as a function of the different g-epochs of one parabola. Very preliminary results are given here. 相似文献
264.
Groemer GE Hauth S Luger U Bickert K Sattler B Hauth E Föger D Schildhammer D Agerer C Ragonig C Sams S Kaineder F Knoflach M 《Astrobiology》2012,12(2):125-134
We have developed the space suit simulator Aouda.X, which is capable of reproducing the physical and sensory limitations a flight-worthy suit would have on Mars. Based upon a Hard-Upper-Torso design, it has an advanced human-machine interface and a sensory network connected to an On-Board Data Handling system to increase the situational awareness in the field. Although the suit simulator is not pressurized, the physical forces that lead to a reduced working envelope and physical performance are reproduced with a calibrated exoskeleton. This allows us to simulate various pressure regimes from 0.3-1 bar. Aouda.X has been tested in several laboratory and field settings, including sterile sampling at 2800 m altitude inside a glacial ice cave and a cryochamber at -110°C, and subsurface tests in connection with geophysical instrumentation relevant to astrobiology, including ground-penetrating radar, geoacoustics, and drilling. The communication subsystem allows for a direct interaction with remote science teams via telemetry from a mission control center. Aouda.X as such is a versatile experimental platform for studying Mars exploration activities in a high-fidelity Mars analog environment with a focus on astrobiology and operations research that has been optimized to reduce the amount of biological cross contamination. We report on the performance envelope of the Aouda.X system and its operational limitations. 相似文献
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Drilling systems for extraterrestrial subsurface exploration 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Zacny K Bar-Cohen Y Brennan M Briggs G Cooper G Davis K Dolgin B Glaser D Glass B Gorevan S Guerrero J McKay C Paulsen G Stanley S Stoker C 《Astrobiology》2008,8(3):665-706
Drilling consists of 2 processes: breaking the formation with a bit and removing the drilled cuttings. In rotary drilling, rotational speed and weight on bit are used to control drilling, and the optimization of these parameters can markedly improve drilling performance. Although fluids are used for cuttings removal in terrestrial drilling, most planetary drilling systems conduct dry drilling with an auger. Chip removal via water-ice sublimation (when excavating water-ice-bound formations at pressure below the triple point of water) and pneumatic systems are also possible. Pneumatic systems use the gas or vaporization products of a high-density liquid brought from Earth, gas provided by an in situ compressor, or combustion products of a monopropellant. Drill bits can be divided into coring bits, which excavate an annular shaped hole, and full-faced bits. While cylindrical cores are generally superior as scientific samples, and coring drills have better performance characteristics, full-faced bits are simpler systems because the handling of a core requires a very complex robotic mechanism. The greatest constraints to extraterrestrial drilling are (1) the extreme environmental conditions, such as temperature, dust, and pressure; (2) the light-time communications delay, which necessitates highly autonomous systems; and (3) the mission and science constraints, such as mass and power budgets and the types of drilled samples needed for scientific analysis. A classification scheme based on drilling depth is proposed. Each of the 4 depth categories (surface drills, 1-meter class drills, 10-meter class drills, and deep drills) has distinct technological profiles and scientific ramifications. 相似文献
267.
Mitrofanov IG Sanin AB Golovin DV Litvak ML Konovalov AA Kozyrev AS Malakhov AV Mokrousov MI Tretyakov VI Troshin VS Uvarov VN Varenikov AB Vostrukhin AA Shevchenko VV Shvetsov VN Krylov AR Timoshenko GN Bobrovnitsky YI Tomilina TM Grebennikov AS Kazakov LL Sagdeev RZ Milikh GN Bartels A Chin G Floyd S Garvin J Keller J McClanahan T Trombka J Boynton W Harshman K Starr R Evans L 《Astrobiology》2008,8(4):793-804
The scientific objectives of neutron mapping of the Moon are presented as 3 investigation tasks of NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter mission. Two tasks focus on mapping hydrogen content over the entire Moon and on testing the presence of water-ice deposits at the bottom of permanently shadowed craters at the lunar poles. The third task corresponds to the determination of neutron contribution to the total radiation dose at an altitude of 50 km above the Moon. We show that the Lunar Exploration Neutron Detector (LEND) will be capable of carrying out all 3 investigations. The design concept of LEND is presented together with results of numerical simulations of the instrument's sensitivity for hydrogen detection. The sensitivity of LEND is shown to be characterized by a hydrogen detection limit of about 100 ppm for a polar reference area with a radius of 5 km. If the presence of ice deposits in polar "cold traps" is confirmed, a unique record of many millions of years of lunar history would be obtained, by which the history of lunar impacts could be discerned from the layers of water ice and dust. Future applications of a LEND-type instrument for Mars orbital observations are also discussed. 相似文献
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J. KOMPENHANS J. AGOCS Y. EGAMI R. ENGLER U. FEY H. FRAHNERT K. de GROOT U. HENNE T. KIRMSE C. KLEIN F. KLINGE R. KONRATH L. KOOP H. MATTNER D. OTTER D. PALLEK W. SACHS A. SCHRODER B. STASICKI 《中国航空学报》2006,19(2):114-125
风洞中非定常复杂流场的实验研究要求先进的测量技术.基于图像的测量技术中最重要的是测量平面流速度场、平面压强分布、模型位置和变形、模型温度以及定量的高速流可视化等技术.DLR(德国宇航研究院)对这些技术的应用包括从低速流到跨声速流、从增升装置到螺旋桨和旋翼、从弹射装置和水塔储水罐尾迹流旋涡到三角翼上涡破裂现象等的研究.由于跨声速风洞的特殊环境,将基于图像的测量技术用于跨声速流要求专门的技术开发和有经验的科学家.给出了DLR空气动力学和流动技术研究所将基于图像的测量技术应用于跨声速流研究的最新进展. 相似文献