Microphysics of Cosmic Plasmas: Background, Motivation and Objectives

With the maturing of space plasma research in the solar system, a more general approach to plasma physics in general, applied to cosmic plasmas, has become appropriate. There are both similarities and important differences in describing the phenomenology of space plasmas on scales from the Earth’s magnetosphere to galactic and inter-galactic scales. However, there are important aspects in common, related to the microphysics of plasma processes. This introduction to a coordinated collection of papers that address the several aspects of the microphysics of cosmic plasmas that have unifying themes sets out the scope and ambition of the broad sweep of topics covered in the volume, together with an enumeration of the detailed objectives of the coverage.     

RFNN control for PMLSM drive via backstepping technique

A robust fuzzy neural network (RFNN) control system is proposed in this study to control the position of the mover of a permanent magnet linear synchronous motor (PMLSM) drive system to track periodic reference trajectories. First, an ideal feedback linearization control law is designed based on the backstepping technique. Then, a fuzzy neural network (FNN) controller is designed to be the main tracking controller of the proposed RFNN control system to mimic an ideal feedback linearization control law, and a robust controller is proposed to confront the shortcoming of the FNN controller. Moreover, to relax the requirement for the bound of uncertainty term, which comprises a minimum approximation error, optimal parameter vectors and higher order terms in Taylor series, an adaptive bound estimation is investigated where a simple adaptive algorithm is utilized to estimate the bound of uncertainty. Furthermore, the simulated and experimental results due to periodic reference trajectories demonstrate that the dynamic behaviors of the proposed control systems are robust with regard to uncertainties.     

X-ray and extreme ultraviolet emissions from comets

There is significant progress in the observations, theory, and understanding of the x-ray and EUV emissions from comets since their discovery in 1996. That discovery was so puzzling because comets appear to be more efficient emitters of x-rays than the Moon by a factor of 80 000. The detected emissions are general properties of comets and have been currently detected and analyzed in thirteen comets from five orbiting observatories. The observational studies before 2000 were based on x-ray cameras and low resolution (E/δE ≈ 1.5-3) instruments and focused on the morphology of xrays, their correlations with gas and dust productions in comets and with the solar x-rays and the solar wind. Even those observations made it possible to choose uniquely charge exchange between the solar wind heavy ions and cometary neutrals as the main excitation process. The recently published spectra are of much better quality and result in the identification of the emissions of the multiply charged ions of O, C, Ne, Mg, and Si which are brought to comets by the solar wind. The observed spectra have been used to study the solar wind composition and its variations. Theoretical analyses of x-ray and EUV photon excitation in comets by charge exchange, scattering of the solar photons by attogram dust particles, energetic electron impact and bremsstrahlung, collisions between cometary and interplanetary dust, and solar x-ray scattering and fluorescence in comets have been made. These analyses confirm charge exchange as the main excitation mechanism, which is responsible for more than 90% of the observed emission, while each of the other processes is limited to a few percent or less. The theory of charge exchange and different methods of calculation for charge exchange are considered. Laboratory studies of charge exchange relevant to the conditions in comets are reviewed. Total and state-selective cross sections of charge exchange measured in the laboratory are tabulated. Simulations of synthetic spectra of charge exchange in comets are discussed. X-ray and EUV emissions from comets are related to different disciplines and fields such as cometary physics, fundamental physics, x-rays spectroscopy, and space physics.This revised version was published online in July 2005 with a corrected cover date.     

自适应预测控制在轮胎胎面缠绕系统的应用

论文叙述了轮胎胎面缠绕成型的基本原理,针对一类具有大滞后及模型慢时变的轮胎胎面缠绕控制系统,提出了一种自适应预测控制方案,在胎面缠绕系统的组成及控制原理进行分析的基础上,对其自适应预测控制进行了仿真研究。该方案增强了系统的跟踪性及鲁棒性。     

Adaptive recurrent-neural-network control for linear inductionmotor

In this study an adaptive recurrent-neural-network controller (ARNNC) is proposed to control a linear induction motor (LIM) servo drive. First, the secondary flux of the LIM is estimated with an adaptive flux observer on the stationary reference frame and the feedback linearization theory is used to decouple the thrust force and the flux amplitude of the LIM. Then, an ARNNC is proposed to control the mover of the LIM for periodic motion. In the proposed controller, the LIM servo drive system is identified by a recurrent-neural-network identifier (RNNI) to provide the sensitivity information of the drive system to an adaptive controller. The backpropagation algorithm is used to train the RNNI on line. Moreover, to guarantee the convergence of identification and tracking errors, analytical methods based on a discrete-type Lyapunov function are proposed to determine the varied learning rates of the RNNI and the optimal learning rate of the adaptive controller. The effectiveness of the proposed control scheme is verified by both the simulated and experimental results. Furthermore, the advantages of the proposed control system are indicated in comparison with the sliding mode control system     

DC/DC变换器抗辐射试验

文章以ZHDC28S05/18W型数字化DC/DC变换器(额定输入28V,输出5V/3.6A)为例,制定了DC/DC变换器辐射总剂量和单粒子效应试验的方案并进行了摸底试验,根据试验结果更换了集成功率芯片LM2596-ADJ,使产品的抗辐射性能有了明显提高.     

Orbital maneuver and keeping of FORMOSAT-2

This paper presents the orbital maneuver (OM) and keeping of FORMOSAT-2 (or FS2, Formosa Satellite #2) since its launch on 20 May 2004. The successful launch put FS2 in a sun-synchronous parking orbit with 729.94 km perigee and 743.31 apogee. Taiwan’s National Space Organization (NSPO) then spent 11 days to perform the first orbital maneuver (OM#1) and raised FS2 to its sun-synchronous circular mission orbit at 888.47 km altitude. Due to various kinds of disturbances, FS2’s orbit shifts gradually but constantly. Therefore, four times of OM had been performed for orbital keeping. Details of all 5 OMs are described.     

基于Huffman最优二叉树支持向量机的舱音记录器背景信号识别

飞行器舱音记录器(CVR)记录的舱音信号,通常是语音声、警告声、开关按钮声和背景噪声等混合而成.目前国内对该类信号的分析和辨别主要是计算机译码后利用人耳进行辨听,存在不易准确分辨各种独立声音信号的缺点.针对舱音信号是一种非平稳性的时频信号,提出了基于多尺度最优小波包基的CVR背景信号特征提取算法,将10种典型信号进行小波包分解,以分解得到的子带能量作为信号初始特征,再根据类间最大距离准则选取最优小波包基,从而确定待识别信号最具有代表性的特征向量,最后基于Huffman最优二叉树支持向量机进行CVR背景信号分类.仿真实验结果表明,该方法的平均识别率为94.62%,可以应用于CVR背景声音信号的自动识别.     

航空运输业排放环境影响评估研究

利用ICAO发动机排放数据库构建了航空运输业排放环境外部成本测算模型,并选取首都国际机场等6个国际机场作为实证研究的对象,测算了其2008年排放产生的环境外部成本,可以看出中国机场普遍存在着显著的排放环境外部成本。同时,针对中国航空运输业的发展现状,提出了通过实施排放权交易制度将中国航空运输业环境外部成本内部化的政策建议。研究成果可用于中国航空运输业排放环境外部成本的测算和治理。     

辐射加热设备的开发及运用

介绍了中国航天空气动力技术研究院辐射加热设备的开发及运用情况.设备包括0-150 kW的石英灯加热器,试验舱,真空系统以及控制系统.在辐射加热设备上对低密度隔热材料在不同低压下的隔热性能进行了研究,所用模型横截面积为100 mmx100 mm,最长运行时间2000 s,低密度隔热材料的表面温度高达1000 K,试验舱最低压力为10 Pa.