车牌定位与字符分割方法研究

介绍了一种改进的基于纹理特征的车牌定位方法,采用自适应阈值,实现了车牌的准确定位。设定自适应改变大小的投影切割阈值实现了字符分割。最后采用BP神经网络法来识别各个字符。实验结果表明,该方法能够较为准确的实现车牌识别,具有定位准、鲁棒性好等特点。     

ATP系统驱动装置设计

捕获、跟踪和瞄准（Acquisition,Tracking,Pointing—ATP）系统是飞行器激光通信与协同控制系统的重要组成部分。本文提出了基于激光反射的二维扫描ATP系统的总体解决方案,建立了扫描模块中关键器件的理论数学模型,实现了电路控制模块的硬件与软件界面的设计,最终搭建了ATP系统驱动装置。该装置响应迅速,结构紧凑,稳定性好,可完成120°视场的扫描以及视场中任意一点的定位。     

Research into Configuration and Flow of Wall Oil Film in Bearing Chamber Based on Droplet Size Distribution

The lubrication design and heat transfer determination of bearing chambers in aeroengine require a sufficient understanding of the oil droplet-film interaction and physical characteristic in an oil/air two-phase flow state.The analyses of oil droplet movement,mass and momentum transfer during the impingement of droplet/wall,as well as wall oil film thickness and flow velocity are very important for the bearing chamber lubrication and heat transfer calculation.An integrated model in combination with droplet movement,droplet/wall impact and film flow analysis is put forward initially based on the consideration of droplet size distribution.The model makes a contribution to provide more practical and feasible technical approach,which is not only for the study of droplet-film interaction and physical behavior in bearing chambers with oil/air two-phase flow phenomena,but also useful for an insight into the essence of physical course through droplet movement and deposition,film formation and flow.The influences of chamber geometries and operating conditions on droplet deposition mass and momentum transfer,and wall film thickness and velocity distribution are discussed.The feasibility of the method by theoretical analysis is also verified by the existing experimental data.The current work is conducive to expose the physical behavior of wall oil film configuration and flow in bearing chamber,and also significant for bearing chamber lubrication and heat transfer study under oil/air two-phase flow conditions.     

液膜再生复合冷却中液膜传热特性

对液体火箭发动机液膜再生复合冷却进行了算法研究.综合考虑了发动机内部化学反应、蒸发、卷吸、对流、导热、辐射等因素,将冷却液膜分为显热区、潜热区及气膜区三个区域进行了计算.推导了液膜长度和厚度的计算方法,分析了液膜再生复合冷却效率及各因素对液膜传热特性的影响.计算结果表明:①液膜入口质量流量越大,液膜区长度越长,冷却效率越高,复合冷却效率可维持在0.57以上.②高温燃烧室内膜的液体段长度很短,在液膜存在区域内冷却效率高达0.9.③液膜消失后,头部冷却液膜的设计仍对室壁起了很好的冷却保护作用,低温边区一直延伸至出口.④液膜吸收的显热和液膜蒸发吸收的热量及高温燃气与膜间的对流在液膜区内起了主要作用,而卷吸造成的质量损失及传热不可忽略.      

N2O微推力器结构改进的仿真与试验分析

主要考虑影响比冲的温度因素,在原有N₂O微推力器结构上提出了改进方案,对改进前后N₂O微推力器推力室进行了三维流动传热耦合仿真,并采用改进后N₂O微推力器开展催化分解试验研究.对比分析后发现减少推力室向外的热量传递能维持较高的分解气体温度,从而利于提升N₂O微推力器比冲,并得到了影响微推力器比冲的结构参数,研究工作为N₂O微推力器的优化设计提供了有益参考.      

Surface Roughness Effects on Vortex Torque of Air Supported Gyroscope

In order to improve the drift precision of air supported gyroscope, effects of surface roughness magnitude and direction on vortex torque of air supported gyroscope are studied. Based on Christensen’s rough surface stochastic model and consistency transformation method, Reynolds equation of air supported gyroscope containing surface roughness information is established. Also effects of mathematical models of main machining errors on vortex torque are established. By using finite element method, the Reynolds equation is solved numerically and the vortex torque in the presence of machining errors and surface roughness is calculated. The results show that surface roughness of slit has a significant effect on vortex torque. Transverse surface roughness makes vortex torque greater, while longitudinal surface roughness makes vortex torque smaller. The maximal difference approaches 11.4% during the range analyzed in this article. However surface roughness of journal influences vortex torque insignificantly. The research is of great significance for designing and manufacturing air supported gyroscope and predicting its performance.     

GH4169合金真空自耗重熔铸锭显微疏松的形成规律及熔速影响

利用金相显微镜和扫描电镜研究了熔速对GH4169合金真空自耗重熔铸锭显微疏松和金相组织的影响;采用金相图像分析软件定量分析了熔速对铸锭显微疏松数量的影响。GH4169合金真空自耗重熔铸锭显微疏松的形成规律以及熔速影响的研究结果表明,由于金属气体凝结和喷溅等原因的影响,真空自耗铸锭表面激冷层中存在大量边界粗糙曲折的显微疏松。在激冷层下方的铸锭边部组织中,显微疏松数量明显减少,边界圆滑,气泡是疏松形成的重要原因。铸锭心部显微疏松尺寸增大,倾向于沿枝晶间通道分布。铸锭心部位于糊状区的底部,由于熔池较深,凝固速率缓慢,使该处二次和三次枝晶比较发达,偏析严重,从而容易阻塞补缩通道,所以易形成沿枝晶间通道分布的大尺寸疏松。随熔化速率增大,枝晶倾向于水平生长,熔池加深,二次和三次枝晶更加发达,偏析更加严重,显微疏松的尺寸和数量显著增加。     

"回收/调节"方法在混合LES/RANS模拟方法中的应用

采用一种混合大涡模拟/雷诺平均Navier-Stokes(LES/RANS)模拟方法结合三阶加权基本无振荡(WENO)格式对马赫数为2.88的压缩斜坡流动进行了数值模拟,并采用"回收/调节"方法生成入口湍流脉动边界条件.当采用固定入口边界条件时,湍流边界层会缺乏合理的湍流能量,使之抵抗逆压梯度的能力减弱,会严重高估分离...     

弯曲段壁面冲击发散冷却结构流量系数与冷却效率的实验

为了研究回流燃烧室弯曲段采用冲击发散冷却结构时的流量系数和冷却效率,设计了多种不同几何尺寸的实验件模型,分别对其流量系数和冷却效率进行了实验研究,得出如下结论:①弯曲段冲击发散冷却结构的流量系数较小,一般不会超过0.7.发散孔倾角为40°的流量系数要小于倾角为20°和30°的流量系数,流量系数随着发散孔纵向间距比的增大而减小.②弯曲段冲击发散冷却结构的冷却效率均随着吹风比的增大而增大,其冷却效率要明显高于直板冲击发散冷却结构,且这种差异随着吹风比的增大而逐渐减弱.      

国外TBCC发动机发展研究

涡轮基组合循环(TBCC)发动机是未来高超声速飞行器最适合的动力系统之一,配备该类发动机的高超声速飞行器具备水平起降、机动飞行和重复使用能力。本文对国外开展的TBCC研究项目(如美国的RTA、FaCET和Trijet,日本的HYPR和ATREX,以及欧洲的LAPCAT)进行了系统阐述,较为详细地分析了各研究项目中TBCC方案特点,表明随着涡轮发动机技术的全面发展,及采用火箭引射冲压和预冷等技术,涡轮发动机的工作马赫数可扩大到4.0,且TBCC发动机具有工程可实现性,是未来最具发展潜力的空天动力。