提高飞行器姿态角计算精度的方法研究

分析了传统的通过方向余弦矩阵、四元数形式的飞行器转动微分方程数值积分结果确定姿态角方法的不足,介绍了基于改进的牛顿法确定飞行器姿态角的方法.基于多次测量均值效应原理,介绍多使用上述两种方法中的元素提高飞行器姿态角计算精度的算法及仿真结果.     

一种基于激光捷联惯组的定瞄一体化系统设计

针对武器系统任意点随机发射和“ 停下即打” 目标的需求, 提出了一种基 于激光捷联惯组的定瞄一体化系统设计方案。系统由以激光捷联惯组为核心的车载定位 导航单元和以光管为核心的光学传递单元组成。由里程计、高程计、电子地图及卫星系 统辅助激光捷联惯组实现较高精度的定位导航功能。通过与车载定位导航单元刚性固联 的光学传递单元,采用光学传递方式实现与外部设备的瞄准,瞄准结果通过车载定位导 航单元完成。系统首次将定位瞄准实现一体化集成,在不损失水平瞄准精度的情况下, 降低了对瞄准环境的要求,达到预期效果。     

Effects of cerium salts on corrosion behaviors of Si–Zr hybrid sol–gel coatings

The present work examines the effects of cerium salts on corrosion behaviors of Si–Zr hybrid sol–gel coatings. The Si–Zr hybrid sol–gel coatings on a 2A12 aluminum substrate were prepared through hydrolysis and condensation of glycidoxypropyl-trimethoxy-silane(GTMS) and zirconium(IV) n-propoxide(TPOZ). Used as inhibitors for corrosion, three types of cerium salts(Ce(NO_3)_3, CeCl_3, and Ce(CH_3COO)_3) were doped into the sol–gel coatings. Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM) were employed to investigate the structures and morphologies of various coatings, and the corrosion resistances of the coatings were evaluated by electrochemical methods and neutral salt spray tests. Experimental results indicate that the addition of cerium salts can hinder the process of corrosion due to their self-healing abilities. Furthermore, the sol–gel coating doped with Ce(CH_3COO)_3 has the best corrosion resistance because of the promotions of hydrolysis and condensation provided by CH_3COO.     

Experiments on film cooling with sonic injection into a supersonic flow

Film cooling experiments with sonic injection were conducted to investigate the effects of the number of the injection holes, the mass flow ratio, and the hole spacing on the film cooling effectiveness. The mainstream was obtained by the hydrogen-oxygen combustion, entering the experimental section at a Mach number of 2.0. The nitrogen with ambient temperature was injected into the experimental section at a sonic speed. The measured mainstream recovery temperature was approximately 910K. The mass flow ratio was regulated by varying the nitrogen injection pressure. The experimental results show that for the investigated cooling surface, the cooling effectiveness increases with the increase in the number of the injection holes with other parameters held constant. For a fixed cooling configuration, the cooling effectiveness increases with the increase in the mass flow ratio. Different from the subsonic film cooling, the optimal mass flow ratio is not observed. When the hole spacing is less than 4, no obvious difference is observed on the cooling effectiveness and lateral uniformity. With the mass flow ratio increasing further, this difference becomes much smaller. The shock wave also has an effect on the cooling effectiveness. Downstream the incident point of the shock wave, the cooling effectiveness is lower than that in the case without the shock wave.     

脉动来流对涡轮非定常气动性能影响机理

以周期性脉动来流模拟旋转爆震燃烧室出口流场,研究了来流脉动幅值和频率对GE-E3高压涡轮级非定常内流特性的影响机理。结果表明:来流脉动幅值的增加会加强涡轮内部流场的非定常性,放大流场参数的时空差异;随着脉动频率的增加,涡轮内部流场的脉动幅值逐渐减弱,不同动叶时均载荷分布趋于一致。在来流脉动频率为5 244 Hz的条件下,来流脉动系数逐步增加到04时,涡轮效率降低1399%;而在来流脉动系数为03的条件下,来流脉动频率逐步增加到10 488 Hz时,涡轮效率降低1557%。来流脉动幅值和频率的增加会加剧端壁二次流动和叶栅流动分离,并使得动叶进气攻角偏离设计状态,降低涡轮的工作效率。     

基于单片机的ARINC429校准用信号源设计研究

在对ARINC429总线规范和校准方法分析的基础上,提出一种基于单片机的ARINC429校准用信号源的设计方案,并利用实验对其可行性进行了分析。     

COMPASS/GPS双系统四星定位算法研究

针对COMPASS系统处于组网期,有效卫星缺失引起双系统卫星导航接收机暂时性无法定位的问题,提出一种双系统四星定位算法。利用完备条件下的定位信息,采用最小二乘拟合法或α-β滤波法,将完备条件下解算得到的COMPASS与GPS的系统钟差线性化,得到该钟差在非完备条件下的值,再结合可视卫星,在双系统四星条件下短时间内保持定位。算法无需引入其他设备,不依赖电子地图。经仿真验证,算法有效可行,在双系统四星条件下定位精度较高,且卫星信号恢复到完备条件后,定位精度能迅速恢复到完备条件下的水平。     

7T磁共振seipin鼠活体无损显型

因遗传突变作用引起皮下脂肪组织缺失可导致脂肪萎缩。本文利用7T小动物磁共振仪对seipin鼠进行了活体无损显型的研究。通过伪彩及加权图像融合技术对采集的seipin鼠和野生鼠图像的处理，可清楚观察到seipin组老鼠的脂肪组织明显少于野生组。同时利用自行开发的7T小动物三维可视化系统中的stroke—based分类方法可方便提取感兴趣组织。为了对两组老鼠的脂肪组织进行定量比较，利用t检验对两组老鼠总的脂肪组织、皮下脂肪及内脏脂肪占总体积的比例进行统计。统计结果表明，seipin组老鼠的脂肪组织及皮下脂肪明显少于野生组，但在本次实验中没有发现两组鼠在内脏组织中脂肪含量存在明显差异。7T小动物磁共振仪为活体研究seipin鼠的显型提供了可靠的手段。     

镁合金基体螺纹扭拉特性及重复使用性研究

针对镁合金基体螺纹连接问题,采用试验装置研究了高强耐热镁合金螺纹连接结构的扭拉关系及多次重复使用性能,分析了带钢丝螺套及不带钢丝螺套情况下镁合金螺纹连接结构的扭拉破坏形式、扭矩系数、螺纹副摩擦系数及重复使用性能等,研究结果为镁合金螺纹的力矩量化控制提供了依据,对于镁合金螺纹连接结构的设计和使用具有指导意义。     

High precision attitude dynamic tracking control of a moving space target

On-orbit spacecraft face many threats, such as collisions with debris or other spacecraft.Therefore, perception of the surrounding space environment is vitally important for on-orbit spacecraft.Spacecraft require a dynamic attitude tracking ability with high precision for such missions.This paper aims to address the above problem using an improved backstepping controller.The tracking mission is divided into two phases: coarse alignment and fine alignment.In the first phase,a traditional saturation controller is utilized to limit the maximum attitude angular velocity according to the actuator's ability.For the second phase, the proposed backstepping controller with different virtual control inputs is applied to track the moving target.To fulfill the high precision attitude tracking requirements, a hybrid attitude control actuator consisting of a Control Moment Gyro(CMG) and Reaction Wheel(RW) is constructed, which can simultaneously avoid the CMG singularity and RW saturation through the use of an angular momentum optimal management strategy, such as null motion.Finally, five simulation scenarios were carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy and hybrid actuator.