新的航空图像道路检测与跟踪算法

介绍了一种新的面向智能无人机应用的道路检测与跟踪算法.首先从电子道路地图中得到标示道路初始区域的合成图像,然后利用光学图像的距离变换图像、合成图像的边缘图像等信息把道路检测问题表述为一最优化问题,最后利用迭代算法解此问题得到路面区域.道路跟踪利用前一帧检测结果的预测值初始化其对应的优化问题.实验证明该方法具有较高的稳定性和适应能力.      

基于EBA-FLC的飞机急滚机动分支分析与控制

结合扩展分支分析(EBA)和模糊逻辑控制(FLC),提出了一种新的闭环分支控制方法,即EBA-FLC方法,并将其应用于某机动飞机的无侧滑滚转机动研究。揭示了飞机全局非线性动力学特性,实现了无侧滑滚转机动的闭环分支控制,使飞机在大范围内具有期望的动力学特性,改善了飞机无侧滑滚转机动的动态和稳态特性。     

一种过失速区飞行敏捷性评估方法的研究

在评估过失速机动飞行的敏捷性中，首先建立了具有过失速机动（ＰＳＴ）能力的战斗机Ｆ２的数学模型，对常规战斗机Ｆ１与ＰＳＴ战斗机Ｆ２的空战进行了数值仿真，计算了在两架战斗机中Ｆ２首先攻击时间（ｔ１）和攻击时间范围（ＴＷＩＦＥ）。结果表明，战斗机Ｆ２比Ｆ１更具有空中格斗优势，空战中发动机推力、迎角变化率、操纵规律和离轴发射角（μ０）等因素对战斗机过失速机动敏捷性有一定影响。     

CXG—2型磁悬规转子横向稳定的研究

本文针对CXG-1型磁悬规的转子横向振动现象进行了分析探讨,提出CXG-2型磁悬规的转子横向阻尼方案,并给出实施后的实验结果。     

Maneuvering target tracking with colored noise

It is known that colored noise may degrade the performance of a tracking algorithm. A common remedy is to model colored noise as an autoregressive (AR) process and apply the measurement difference method. One problem with the approach is that the AR parameters are usually unknown. In this work, we propose a new method to adaptively estimate the AR parameters. It is shown that this method is simple and practically feasible. We incorporate oar method into the interacting multiple model (IMM) tracking algorithm and show that the performance is almost as good as that in the known parameters case     

Cleaning space debris with a space-based laser system

High-energy pulsed laser radiation may be the most feasible means to mitigate the threat of collision of a space station or other valuable space assets with orbital debris in the size range of 1–10 cm. Under laser irradiation, part of the debris material is ablated and provides an impulse to the debris particle. Proper direction of the impulse vector either deflects the object trajectory or forces the debris on a trajectory through the upper atmosphere, where it burns up. Most research concentrates on ground-based laser systems but pays little attention to space-based laser systems.There are drawbacks of a ground-based laser system in cleaning space debris. Therefore the placement of a laser system in space is proposed and investigated. Under assumed conditions,the elimination process of space debris is analyzed. Several factors such as laser repetition frequency, relative movement between the laser and debris, and inclination of debris particles which may exercise influence to the elimination effects are discussed. A project of a space-based laser system is proposed according to the numerical results of a computer study. The proposed laser system can eliminate debris of 1–10 cm and succeed in protecting a space station.     

An improved quaternion Gauss–Newton algorithm for attitude determination using magnetometer and accelerometer

For the vector attitude determination, the traditional optimal algorithms which are based on quaternion estimator(QUEST) measurement noise model are complicated for just two observations. In our application, the magnetometer and accelerometer are not two comparable kinds of sensors and both are not small field-of-view sensors as well. So in this paper a new unit measurement model is derived. According to the Wahba problem, the optimal weights for each measurement are obtained by the error variance researches. Then an improved quaternion Gauss–Newton method is presented and adopted to acquire attitude. Eventually, simulation results and experimental validation employed to test the proposed method demonstrate the usefulness of the improved algorithm.     

大气探测激光雷达组网观测一致性研究

通过激光遥感获取气溶胶、云垂直分布情况，对研究气溶胶、云微物理特性、辐射强迫效应以及污染物传输等具有重大意义。在实际应用中激光雷达受激光器能量、发散角以及透过率等影响，会导致各雷达面对同一目标物探测数据不一致。随着地基大气探测激光雷达逐步规模化、标准化，对雷达组网观测一致性开展研究具有重要意义。为保证组网激光雷达数据高质量和高可靠性，在雷达系统自标定基础上，利用太阳光度计、大气分子模型获取激光雷达系统常数，确保各激光雷达回波信号定量可比。通过激光雷达组网观测进行探测目标一致性比对试验，以验证激光雷达系统探测一致性精度。结果表明：标定后，532 nm距离修正信号在1~2 km区间相对偏差从64.89%降低到22.16%，在2~5 km区间相对偏差从49.26%降低到8.90%，在9.5~11.5 km相对偏差从46.83%降低到10.91%；532 nm退偏比在1~2 km区间相对偏差从69.68%降低到20.68%，在2~5 km区间相对偏差从71.24%降低到6.69%，在9.5~11.5 km相对偏差从140.24%降低到9.02%；532 nm后向散射系数在1~2 km区间相对偏差从37.45%降低到23.63%，在2~5 km区间相对偏差从29.15%降低到21.45%，在9.5~11.5 km相对偏差从76.02%降低到24.16%。组网激光雷达数据结果一致性较好，可在多站点进行高精度探测，在气候变化研究、碳排放监测和环境研究等领域发挥重要作用，为大规模大气变化规律研究提供高质量、有效数据。     

扰动线运动对惯性系粗对准影响分析及优化方法

针对扰动线运动对惯性系粗对准精度影响较大的问题,通过分析惯性体坐标系下重力加速度积分矢量的物理含义,给出了受扰动线运动影响的惯性系粗对准的误差分析。并在此基础上提出了基于位移积分矢量构造定姿矢量矩阵的抗扰动粗对准算法,利用对速度积分矢量进一步积分得到的3个时间点的位移积分矢量构建姿态解算矩阵,抑制扰动线运动对粗对准精度的影响。仿真结果表明,该算法可有效减小扰动线运动影响下的对准结果振动幅值,能够快速收敛到满足精对准使用的精度范围,从而提高武器装备环境适应性。     

推进剂当量比对RDC出口流动特性的影响

为了研究不同当量比下燃烧室出口压力和温度等特性，利用多孔喷注的旋转爆震燃烧室模型，以乙炔为燃料，空气为氧化剂，对压力和温度分布均匀性、增压比以及喷射压力比等指标进行了分析。研究结果表明，保持质量流率不变，随着当量比的增大，燃烧室内燃烧工况从贫燃逐渐变为富燃，出口压力及温度的均匀性会先变好后变差，增压比先增大后减小。当量比为1时，燃烧室内为双波传播状态，出口压力和温度均匀性最好，此时CV值最小为0.57,1-CU值最小为0.52，畸变指数最小为2.936,OTDF值最小为0.36，增压比最大为1.13，但当量比对燃烧室增压比的提升效果有限。