飞行器集群协同定位与导航对抗技术发展与展望

以动平台飞行器集群为对象,剖析集群协同定位与导航对抗技术内涵,分析技术现状,提炼技术难点,展望技术发展趋势,为未来中国飞行器集群自主时空基准体系构建及导航对抗提供新思路.     

交会对接成像软件的多目标跟踪改进

介绍交会对接成像敏感器的工作原理以及由单组条带预判窗口跟踪模式的单一目标敏感器组成的交会对接测量系统.从敏感器嵌入式软件的层面,提出多目标窗口计算、多目标条带预判、多目标匹配计算和多目标测量结果处理等4项改进方法,在硬件系统完全不变的情况下,改善多目标跟踪交会对接敏感器性能.该项改进将单机系统提升为多机热备份系统,提高系统安全性.实现不同目标器之间的自主跟踪切换,优化交会对接流程.此外,变不同敏感器之间切换为敏感器处理对象切换,提升交会对接过程的可靠性.改进后的算法已在我国交会对接各重点型号试验中顺利应用.     

Experimental study of an anti-icing method over an airfoil based on pulsed dielectric barrier discharge plasma

Aircraft icing has long been a plague to aviation for its serious threat to flight safety. Even though lots of methods for anti-icing have been in use or studied for quite a long time, new methods are still in great demand for both civil and military aircraft. The current study in this paper uses widely used Dielectric Barrier Discharge(DBD) plasma actuation to anti-ice on a NACA0012 airfoil model with a chord length of 53.5 cm in a closed-circuit icing wind tunnel. An actuator was installed at the leading edge of the airfoil model, and actuated by a pulsed low-temperature plasma power source. The actuator has two types of layout, a striped electrode layout and a meshy electrode layout.The ice accretion process or anti-icing process was recorded by a CCD camera and an infrared camera. Instantaneous pictures and infrared contours show that both types of DBD plasma actuators have the ability for anti-ice under a freestream velocity of 90 m/s, a static temperature of -7℃,an Median Volume droplet Diameter(MVD) of 20 lm, and an Liquid Water Content(LWC) of 0.5 g/m~3. The detected variations of temperatures with time at specific locations reveal that the temperatures oscillate for some time after spraying at first, and then tend to be nearly constant values.This shows that the key point of the anti-icing mechanism with DBD plasma actuation is to achieve a thermal equilibrium on the model surface. Besides, the power consumption in the anti-icing process was estimated in this paper by Lissajous figures measured by an oscilloscope, and it is lower than those of existing anti-icing methods. The experimental results presented in this paper indicate that the DBD plasma anti-icing method is a promising technique in the future.     

高转速小尺寸涡轮叶片动应力测量方法与应用

根据小推力发动机涡轮叶片动应力测量试验要求,提出了一种基于引电器的高温环境旋转件动应力测量系统方案,以实现高温度条件下高转速、小尺寸涡轮叶片的动应力测量。详细阐述了测量系统组成及关键技术,并利用该系统完成了高压涡轮叶片的动应力测量,试验过程中,测试系统工作稳定,信号频率跟随性良好。试验结果表明,该型发动机转速在34920r/min时叶片振动应力达到112.7MPa,会带来涡轮叶片的高循环疲劳损伤。     

Feasible angular momentum of spacecraft installed with control moment gyros

In this paper, a fundamental approach to analyzing the maneuverability of spacecraft with mounted control moment gyros is addressed by searching feasible angular momentum. The geometrical array of control moment gyros considered is a roof array also known as a 2-SPEED system. Due to the simplicity of the singularity envelope of the array considered, it is reasonably practical to conduct rotational performance analysis of the spacecraft. This maneuverability analysis technique uses a unique chart developed in this work, which allows a guaranteed maximum torque output and angular momentum at any time without concern about the singularity problem of the control moment gyros. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to provide a conservative method for maneuverability analysis of a spacecraft with installed control moment gyros by searching allowable maximum angular momentum. This method is demonstrated using an illustrative example.     

“嫦娥4号”中继星任务分析与系统设计

作为"嫦娥4号"任务的重要组成部分,中继星将为着陆器和巡视器提供中继通信支持。不同于其它月球探测器,中继星首次选择了绕地月L2平动点运行的晕(Halo)轨道以保证对月球背面的着陆器和巡视器提供连续的中继通信服务,面临诸多技术挑战。在对中继星任务特点进行分析的基础上,梳理了研制中的技术难题,包括使命轨道的选择、使命轨道的到达和长期维持、中继通信体制选择等,并提出了解决方案。中继星的总体设计方案概述也在文中给出。     

GH536帽罩翻边成形特性影响的数值分析

针对GH536燃烧室帽罩翻边异形孔边缘应力及变形难以控制问题,进行了翻边成形有限元研究,根据凸模形状及合模方式的不同,建立了3组翻边成形数值模型,探究了凸模形状及合模方式对GH536帽罩翻边成形异形孔边缘及环形凸起区域应力、塑性应变分布的影响,结果显示,凸模前缘过渡特征可增加成形区域应力分布均匀性,帽罩环形凸起区域两侧...     

浅谈"两课"教学观念的转变与革新

本文对目前"两课"教学中存在的问题进行了分析,结合高等教育改革发展方向,重点探讨了"两课" .教师教学观念的转变和革新问题,明确提出了"两课"教师应树立的几个新的教学观念,并对这些教学观念的内涵及贯彻方式进行了阐述.     

H_2/Air连续旋转爆震发动机推力测试(Ⅱ)-双波模态下的推力

在环缝-喷孔对撞式喷射的H2/Air连续旋转爆震模型发动机上实现双波自持。详细分析了连续旋转爆震波以双波模态自持传播的典型波形特征和时域、频域特征。测量了模型发动机工作在双波形模态下所产生的一维推力,讨论了比冲等推力性能。时频特性和推力积分表明:出口背压为大气压时,在空气流量786.6g·s-1,氢气流量20g·s-1,当量比为0.8733的工况下,模型发动机以平均传播频率10.5809k Hz,平均传播速度1578.9m·s-1的双波模态稳定工作超过650ms。产生可靠的有效推力约808.5N。以火箭模式计算,有效排气速度为1002.3m·s-1,总比冲为102.3s;以冲压模式计算,有效排气速度(氢气消耗率)为40425m·s-1,燃料比冲为4125s,所消耗氢气的单位面积质量流率为13404g·m-2·s-1,单位推力为1027.8m·s-1。相比于单波模态,双波模态使得燃烧室内压力更为均匀,高频推力曲线振荡幅值小。爆震波头个数增多有利于推力稳定。     

Characteristics of pulsed plasma synthetic jet and its control effect on supersonic flow

The plasma synthetic jet is a novel flow control approach which is currently being studied. In this paper its characteristic and control effect on supersonic flow is investigated both experimentally and numerically. In the experiment, the formation of plasma synthetic jet and its propagation velocity in quiescent air are recorded and calculated with time resolved schlieren method. The jet velocity is up to 100 m/s and no remarkable difference has been found after changing discharge parameters. When applied in Mach 2 supersonic flow, an obvious shockwave can be observed. In the modeling of electrical heating, the arc domain is not defined as an initial condition with fixed temperature or pressure, but a source term with time-varying input power density, which is expected to better describe the influence of heating process. Velocity variation with different heating efficiencies is presented and discussed and a peak velocity of 850 m/s is achieved in still air with heating power density of 5.0 · 1012W/m3. For more details on the interaction between plasma synthetic jet and supersonic flow, the plasma synthetic jet induced shockwave and the disturbances in the boundary layer are numerically researched. All the results have demonstrated the control authority of plasma synthetic jet onto supersonic flow.