论航天器的综合环境试验

讨论了在航天器研制中综合环境试验的重要性和必要性,简单介绍了航天器研制中的各种综合环境试验,对如何设计和应用综合环境试验提出了一些看法。     

Experimental study of hydrogen-rich/oxygen-rich gas-gas injectors

Five types of coaxial injectors were investigated experimentally using hot hydrogen-rich gas and oxygen-rich gas, which were respectively provided by a GH2/GO2 hydrogen-rich perburner and a GH2/GO2 oxygen-rich preburner. The injectors were the shear coaxial injector, the oxidizer post expansion coaxial injector, the fuel impinging coaxial injector, the central body coaxial injector, and the shear tri-coaxial injector. The characteristic velocity efficiency and the combustor＇s wall temperatures were obtained for different design parameters through the experiments. It can be con- cluded that angles of the oxidizer post expansion and the fuel impinging have little influence on the combustion performance and the wall temperatures. The contact area between fuel and oxidizer and the mass flow rate have significant impacts on the combustion performance. The shear tri-coaxial injector has the best combustion performance but also the highest wall temperatures among the five types of injectors.     

频率标准用超导铌腔内表面处理工艺研究

频率标准用超导铌腔内表面的处理是影响超导腔Q值的最大因素。本文首先通过理论分析确定了超导腔Q与表面剩余电阻的关系,其次通过一系列的表面处理工艺来保证超导腔内表面的剩余电阻尽量小,最后通过实验得到了超导腔的Q值为1.9E9,与理论计算结果相近,证明了表面处理的有效性。     

飞轮振源特征参数提取方法及其分布特性

为了从飞轮微振动输出中提取飞轮转子的振源信息，提出利用鲁棒回归辨识飞轮在升速过程中各主要阶次的振幅对转速的二次幂系数，并将其作为飞轮的振源幅值特征参数；为探究参数的分布特性，利用Weibull分布拟合多个飞轮在同一阶次的特征参数，并计算出特定概率点的分位数。振源特征参数的分位数既系统地展示了飞轮振源分布情况，亦可作为振源分级判据。将该方法成功应用于50 Nms飞轮的振源特征参数分布研究中，为该型飞轮的超静性能筛选和设计改进提供了判定准则和参考依据。     

基于涡动力学的翼型虚拟质量的理论与计算模型

从涡量矩定理出发,通过保形变换法推导出翼型在不可压流场中的虚拟质量。利用变换前后的涡层守恒关系、结合边界元方法的原理,革新了翼型外平面到单位圆外平面的保形映射算法。理论推导结果表明,翼型的虚拟质量只与不可压流体的密度及翼型本身的形状有关。算法在变换对称与非对称Joukowski翼型、RAE2822翼型,以及若干NACA系列翼型时,节点位置的偏差在0.2%内,虚拟质量的计算值与理论值吻合良好。     

去中心化时差频差直接定位方法

针对原始利用时差频差的直接定位(DPD)方法存在数据传输量和计算量大的瓶颈,提出了两种去中心化直接定位方法。第1种方法采用去中心化配对方案,只将各观测站截获信号在站间进行一次传输,将数据传输和计算分散到各观测站间并行计算互模糊函数(CAF),构造仅满足满秩条件的互模糊矩阵(CAM)。第2种方法根据推导的任意互模糊函数间关系公式,采用归约方式去中心化的在各观测站并行计算余下互模糊函数,补全互模糊矩阵。两种方法都降低了直接定位数据传输量,提高了计算效率。性能分析和仿真实验表明本文两种方法精度性能优于两步定位方法,在低信噪比时两种方法都可达到比较理想的精度性能,在高信噪比时第2种方法与原始直接定位方法的精度性能相当。     

基于三维模型定义技术应用的思考

MBD技术是一个新生事物,涉及到系统性问题,它的应用实施是一项长期、复杂而又艰巨的工作。需要考虑的问题不仅涉及技术方面,还有文化、管理、组织和生产方式等方面,只有解决好这些问题,才能充分发挥MBD技术的巨大效力,更好地为我国大飞机研制服务。     

Coastal sea level changes in Europe from GPS,tide gauge,satellite altimetry and GRACE, 1993–2011

Sea level changes are threatening the human living environments, particularly along the European Coasts with highly dense population. In this paper, coastal sea level changes in western and southern Europe are investigated for the period 1993–2011 using Global Positioning System (GPS), Tide Gauge (TG), Satellite Altimetry (SA), Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) and geophysical models. The mean secular trend is 2.26 ± 0.52 mm/y from satellite altimetry, 2.43 ± 0.61 mm/y from TG+GPS and 1.99 ± 0.67 mm/y from GRACE mass plus steric components, which have a remarkably good agreement. For the seasonal variations, annual amplitudes of satellite altimetry and TG+GPS results are almost similar, while GRACE Mass+Steric results are a little smaller. The annual phases agree remarkably well for three independent techniques. The annual cycle is mainly driven by the steric contributions, while the annual phases of non-steric (mass component) sea level changes are almost a half year later than the steric sea level changes.     

浅析延安机场航空器近地警告复飞成因及解决办法

近年来，B737、ERJ系列等先进的国外喷气式客机在延安机场五边进近时会发生因触发机载近地警告而导致的复飞，对飞行安全造成不利影响。本文通过对五边进近触发机载近地警告的原因进行分析，并提出相应的解决办法。