一种轴对称变几何进气道设计方法

对带凹腔的圆锥流动进行了数值分析,就流场结构和总压分布与实验结果进行了比较,数值模拟结果与实验数据吻合较好,结果可信.数值模拟研究了不同几何构型的凹腔对圆锥流动的影响,分析并揭示了凹腔与圆锥流场的耦合流动特征.据此,对一种圆锥头部可移动的轴对称变几何进气道开展了方案设计及气动性能分析,并与相应定几何进气道进行了对比.结果表明:当来流马赫数高于设计马赫数时,后退圆锥头部可以调节进气道外压缩波系,保证流量系数达到0.99以上,采用该变几何技术,在不改变进气道内通道几何形状的前体下,可明显提高进气道的流量系数.      

涡轮叶片前缘双排孔气膜冷却数值模拟

为了解冷气喷射对涡轮叶片前缘气膜冷却特性的影响,对圆柱形前缘双排孔气膜冷却进行全三维N-S方程数值模拟。计算域网格采用FNM形式的多块结构化网格。研究了射流与主流的流动机理,分析了不同吹风比下对壁面冷却效率的影响。计算结果表明,壁面平均绝热效率随吹风比的增大而升高。针对第二排孔结构参数进行优化设计,优化后的冷却效果要明显优于原始结构。     

Experimental Investigation of Nozzle Effects on Thrust and Inlet Pressure of an Air-breathing Pulse Detonation Engine

Nozzle effects on thrust and inlet pressure of a multi-cycle air-breathing pulse detonation engine (APDE) are investigated experimentally. An APDE with 68 mm in diameter and 2 050 mm in length is operated using gasoline/air mixture. Straight nozzle, converging nozzle, converging-diverging nozzle and diverging nozzle are tested. The results show that thrust augmentation of converging-diverging nozzle, diverging nozzle or straight nozzle is better than that of converging nozzle on the whole. Thrust augmentation of straight nozzle is worse than those of converging-diverging nozzle and diverging nozzle. Thrust augmentations of diverging nozzle with larger expansion ratio and converging-diverging nozzle with larger throat area range from 20% to 40% on tested frequencies and are better than those of congeneric other nozzles respectively. Nozzle effects on inlet pressure are also researched. At each frequency it is indicated that filling pressures and average peak pressures of inlet with diverging nozzle and converging-diverging nozzle with large throat cross section area are higher than those with straight nozzle and converging nozzle. Pressures near thrust wall increase in an increase order from without nozzle, with diverging nozzle, straight nozzle and converging-diverging nozzle to converging nozzle.     

Large-scale Vacuum Vessel Design and Finite Element Analysis

The vacuum plume effects experimental system (PES) is the first experimental system designed to study the effects of vacuum plume in China. The main equipment, a vacuum chamber of 5.5 m in diameter and 12.8 m in length, and structure design of hinged door are described. The finite element method (FEM) is adopted to analyze the static strength and stability of the PES vacuum chamber. It is demonstrated that the static strength and stability are qualified. For the 5.5 m diameter vacuum chamber door, three design schemes are put forward. After comparisons are made, the single-axis-double-pin hinged door is selected. The FEM is applied to checking its static strength as well as distortions. The results show that the door’s distortion and displacement change mainly due to the gravity of the door which leads to its sinking. The calculated displacement is less than 7.8 mm, while the actual measurement is 5 mm. The single-axis-double-pin hinged door mechanism completely satisfies the design requirements. This innovative structure can be introduced as a reference for the design of large-scale hinged doors.     

基于直11型机的故障诊断与预测管理系统技术研究

介绍了直11型机结构,直11型机故障诊断与预测管理系统(FDPMS)的诊断能力和FDPMS采用的故障诊断与预测方法,介绍了FDPMS的硬件设计方法、地面分析与管理软件设计方法,以及演示验证情况,并给出了研究结论。     

立楔诱导高超声速分离流动的被动控制研究

双模态超燃冲压发动机由于压力扰动可能发生不起动现象,造成推力严重下降,对飞行稳定性与飞行安全具有很强的破坏性.不起动初始阶段主要受到激波与边界层相互作用引起的流动分离影响,希望通过控制分离达到改善流动的目的.采用5阶特征型WENO(weighted essentially non-oscillator)格式与3阶TVD(total variation diminishing)型Runge-Kutta(R-K)格式的高精度数值方法,求解三维Navier-Stokes(N-S)方程,研究与分析了凸起物和被动吹吸两种被动控制方法对激波与边界层相互作用导致的高超声速流动分离现象的控制效果.结果表明:凸起物通过诱导流向涡形成,改变空间压力分布,减弱二次分离,影响分离结构;吹吸方式的被动控制技术通过平衡分离区与再附区之间的高低压差,降低逆压梯度,使压力分布与分离区域发生改变.      

星载电场探测仪的传感器空间布局研究

电场探测仪是卫星进行高精度电场探测的关键载荷,其传感器的空间布局对探测精度影响很大。文章对传感器空间布局的影响因素和分析方法进行了研究,并以轨道高度500km的太阳同步轨道卫星为例,结合卫星的实际任务运行,对虚假光电场控制、电场探测仪传感器的几何布局构型、传感器与卫星的相互遮挡和干涉关系进行了分析,并最终优化确定了传感器的空间布局。研究结果表明,优化的传感器空间布局可以在设计阶段就针对多种误差,有效地提高其探测精度。     

太阳翼展开过程中锁定冲击载荷研究（英文）

针对一类典型太阳翼,采用NASTRAN和ADAMS软件建立了太阳翼展开锁定通用分析模型;提出了一种改进的铰链建模方法,能够考虑铰链的所有重要刚度系数;最后,研究了有限元模型导入柔性多体模型的模态数、计算步长、铰链刚度和模态阻尼等参数变化对锁定冲击载荷的影响。通过分析可知,计算时需选取足够多的模态数及足够小的计算步长,还要采用较小模态阻尼,以得到冲击载荷的保守设计值。此外,地面试验得到多组刚度测试结果时,应选取最大刚度试验值,以得到保守结果。研究表明,文章采用的太阳翼展开锁定模型能够得到更准确的冲击载荷结果,并易于实施。     

火箭整流罩外气动噪声环境的大涡模拟研究

基于五阶加权本质无振荡（WENO）格式构造隐式大涡模拟方法（ILES）,对跨声速来流条件下（Ma=0.8）火箭整流罩外噪声环境进行数值模拟。通过与风洞试验结果及国外文献进行对比,ILES方法能够在较粗网格下准确预测壁面湍流脉动特性。跨声速流动在壁面折角处出现分离、再附、激波/边界层干扰现象,均方根脉动压力系数出现峰值,同时该区域噪声能量在全频段都较高,易引起结构抖振效应。最后,根据ILES模拟结果,指出工程常用的外噪声经验公式的不足,并提出改进措施。     

Methods of spacecraft impulsive relative hovering and trajectory safety analysis

Based on the analytical solutions of T-H equations and its state transition matrix form,the open-loop control method of spacecraft impulsive relative hovering was studied,which is promising for practical engineering use.The true anomaly intervals of the hovering impulse were optimized by the nonlinear mathematical programming.Based on the calculation of collision probability,the method of safety analysis and risk management was proposed.The numerical simulations show that the introduced relative hovering method can be used for circular and elliptical reference orbits hovering.Furthermore,the local optimal solution can be obtained by applying the true anomaly intervals optimization method.The maximum collision probability and the minimum relative distance nearly appear at the same time.And,the smaller the relative distance is,the larger the collision probability.