惯性器件结构设计与材料选用的规范化

概述惯性器件结构设计原则,分析材料选择及其工艺性、使用性、经济性与安全性的特点,从签署责任制方面阐述惯性器件设计文件会签中应注意的问题.     

王煜 著名CAE专家

目前,我在香港中文大学自动化与计算机辅助工程系任教.近期,主要从事CAE软件方面的研究,关且希望能在推动国产软年的发展方面做出一些有价值的成果.     

国内外航空乘务员招聘比较与探讨

从国内外航空公司乘务员的招聘过程中,比较各公司对乘务员要求和待遇上的差异,分析这些差异在实际工作中的表现和产生的效果。提醒国内航空公司更多的切实的关注乘务员的综合素质和真正的价值。     

Virtual Reality-based Teleoperation with Robustness Against Modeling Errors

This article investigates virtual reality (VR)-based teleoperation with robustness against modeling errors. VR technology is an effective way to overcome the large time delay during space robot teleoperation. However, it depends highly on the accuracy of model. Model errors between the virtual and real environment exist inevitably. The existing way to deal with the problem is by means of either model matching or robot compliance control. As distinct from the existing methods, this article tries to combine model matching and robot compliance control. On one hand, the status of the virtual robot is corrected by using the position sensor data from robot joints before and during teleoperation, and the pose of the virtually manipulated object is obtained with visual recognition technology. On the other hand, compliance control algorithms of impedance control based on joint torque sensors and hybrid position/force control based on a wrist sensor have been executed in order to eliminate the small sustaining model errors. A VR-based teleoperation system of satellite on-orbit self-serving is built up. In order to verify the proposed method, an experiment deploying the solar panel troubled by malfunction is carried out through teleoperation. It shows that the large model errors are removed with the model matching method and the adopted compliance control is robust against the remaining small model errors.     

防热材料热解与氧化性能试验技术研究

介绍了利用Arrhenius方程开展材料烧蚀热解性能动力学特性的基本原理，试验测试方法。并通过对炭酚醛材料烧蚀动力学参数的高频等离子体风洞试验研究，验证了采用时间历程积分在试验结果处理中的可靠性，在此基础上采用平板试验技术获得炭酚醛材料在600～1200K温度范围内的表面质量烧蚀率动力学方程，并将该方程所预测的结果与采用驻点烧蚀技术所获得的结果进行比较。结果显示：二者最大误差不超过5％，通过理论初步分析了二者之间存在差异的主要原因，并在试验比较分析的基础上，采用最大误差限理论分析了试验结果的可靠性。     

一种嵌入式仓库智能监控报警终端设计

针对中小型企业仓库管理智能化发展需要,结合现代计算机图像处理、模式识别等相关技术,设计一种移动图像智能监控报警终端。终端采用三星公司最新推出的基于ARM11架构的S3C6410芯片作为处理器,还应用Linux2.6.36版本内核和initramfs起根文件系统。文中给出终端硬件组成、整体结构及软件设计。终端测试结果达到预期,可以实时监测摄像头范围之内的场景,当监控图像发生变化时立即报警。     

Approach to Interference Aircraft Automatic Riveting Process Control of Drilling and Riveting

Interference fit riveting is an effective way to improve the fatigue life of aircraft. The accurate control of riveting interference of aircraft automatic drilling and riveting equipment is achieved by process parameters including upsetting force and upset head height. It is valuable for aircraft manufacturing engineering. An approach to interference riveting process control based on the analysis of interference riveting stress field is proposed. According to assembly structure, the upsetting force is calculated by the material property and interference fit level, and the upset head height is deduced by the upsetting force. The experimental result shows that the interference fit level can be controlled accurately by the upsetting force and upset head height, and then, the quality of aircraft auto- matic riveting can be improved. The proposed approach is verified by the good match between the predicted result and the experimental result.     

Adaptive neural network control of nonlinear systems with unknown dynamics

In this study, an adaptive neural network control approach is proposed to achieve accurate and robust control of nonlinear systems with unknown dynamics, wherein the neural network is innovatively used to learn the inverse problem of system dynamics with guaranteed convergence. This study focuses on the following three contributions. First, the considered system is transformed into a multi-integrator system using an input–output linearization technique, and an extended state observation technique is used to identify the transformed states. Second, an iterative control learning algorithm is proposed to achieve the neural network training, and stability analysis is given to prove that the network’s predictions converge to ideal control inputs with guaranteed convergence. Third, an adaptive neural network controller is developed by combining the trained network and a proportional-integral controller, and the long-standing challenge of model-based methods for control determination of unknown dynamics is resolved. Simulation results of a virtual control mission and an aerospace altitude tracking mission are provided to substantiate the effectiveness of the proposed techniques and illustrate the adaptability and robustness of the proposed controller.     

结合颅骨形态特征与神经网络的民族判别

针对颅骨民族判别问题，提出结合颅骨形态特征与神经网络的判别方法，可以推进法医人类学的发展，加快探索民族发展历程。首先，根据颅骨形态学相关研究，提取36个维吾尔族和汉族颅骨数据的几何特征；其次，采用反向传播神经网络（BPNN）对特征向量进行民族判别，并通过Adam算法对网络进行优化，避免陷入局部最优值，添加正则化项保证算法稳定性；最后，分别采用2种网络结构进行对比实验，输入层、隐藏层和输出层的神经元个数分别为36、6、2和36、12、2，并设置不同初始学习率进行对比实验。结果表明:隐藏层神经元个数为12、学习率为0.000 1时，分类精度最高，测试阶段平均准确率最高为97.5%。为了验证所提方法的普适性，生成116例国外颅骨数据进行实验，测试阶段平均准确率为90.96%。相比较于支持向量机（SVM）、决策树、KNN、Fisher等机器学习方法，所提方法学习能力更强且分类精度有明显提升。      

TS-InSAR analysis for monitoring ground deformation in Lanzhou New District,the loess Plateau of China,from 2017 to 2019

Large-scale land creation projects involving the cutting of mountains to infill gullies for construction have been carried out in Lanzhou New District (LZND). However, there is an urgent need for comprehensive and detailed research on the spatiotemporal evolution of ground deformation in LZND. Based on Sentinel-1A SAR data, combined with the urban geological background, the ground deformation in LZND from 2017 to 2019 was analysed. Two independent, multi-temporal techniques, persistent scatterers interferometry (PS-InSAR) and the small baseline subset (SBAS-InSAR), were used to calculate the deformation time series, and the results were cross-verified. The time series-monitoring results of the SBAS and PS calculations exhibited strong consistency in LZND and verified the high reliability of the experimental results. The results showed the whole surface of the LZND from March 2017 to October 2019 maintained stability, and the deformation rate was primarily in the range of ?10 to 10 mm/year. However, ground deformation in the Xicha area was evident. The maximum annual deformation rates monitored by SBAS-InSAR and PS-InSAR were ?52.48 mm/year and ?56.35 mm/year, respectively. The most typical deformation areas include the built-up area and the land creation area. The surface subsidence area was concentrated in the filling area. The ground deformation range of LZND kept expanding and accelerating from 2017 to 2019. Land creation, urban construction, geology and precipitation were the primary factors contributing to local severe ground deformation. The results of this study provide reference for the regional urban planning in LZND.