固体燃料空气涡轮火箭发动机工作模式

根据SP-ATR目前存在的燃气难以兼顾清洁和富燃的问题,文章提出将原本由1股燃气单独承担驱动涡轮和补燃功能的工作模式分解为由2股燃气分别担负驱涡和补燃功能的工作模式。通过对比分析该工作模式的SP-ATR和固冲发动机、涡喷发动机工作特点,提出了适合该形式SP-ATR的性能计算模型,得到其飞行包线,发现该SP-ATR工作包线宽广,可完全包含涡喷和固冲发动机的工作包线。在此基础上,计算得到了SP-ATR在不同空域和速度条件下的飞行性能及变化规律:(1)随飞行高度和速度的增加,其比冲、比推力增加,但性能随外弹道变化幅度较小,整个工作范围性能稳定;(2)在近地面和低空SP-ATR均可实现低空亚音速盘旋和5 km高度以上的超音速飞行,且在比冲高于6 700 N.s/kg,同时保持比推力大于1 100 N.s/kg;(3)高空SP-ATR工作高度速度范围宽,比冲性能与冲压发动机相当,比推力为冲压发动机的2倍,相同飞行速度条件下飞行高度增加比冲增加、比推力增加,具有在更高高度巡航潜力,高空性能优势明显。     

大型回流边界层风洞的气动与结构设计

大型边界层风洞是开展风工程研究的必备装备。以浙江大学ZD-1边界层风洞的研制为背景,详细介绍了大型回流边界层风洞气动设计和立式结构设计中的关键问题,在风洞气动设计时采用了收缩比为4∶1的单回路单试验段气动轮廓,在试验段中设置了0．22°的当量扩散角,对拐角导流片外形作了特殊处理,并采用钢结构与混凝土结构相结合的立式结构。流场校验结果表明,大型回流边界层风洞的气动与结构设计能满足设计要求,某些指标甚至达到航空风洞的标准,在试验段中设置扩散角有利于降低轴向静压梯度,立式结构设计对提高试验段气流的水平均匀性有一定的作用,可为今后类似风洞的研制提供参考。     

转子-支承耦合结构的模型修正研究

在转子-支承耦合结构的动力学分析过程中,结构模态参数计算结果与实验测试结果往往存在较大差异。针对此问题,应用优化算法对结构动力学模型进行修正,使计算模型能更准确地反映结构特性。建立由梁单元、盘单元、弹性支承单元组成的结构动力学有限元模型;选择优化目标函数、设计参数,并对各参数进行灵敏度分析。应用粒子群算法对选取的设计参数进行优化,得到最优模型。利用转子-滚动轴承实验器进行验证,结果表明,方法能够有效地实现转子-支承耦合结构的动力学模型修正,修正后模型更接近实际结构。     

一种四元数矩阵建模的彩色图像质量评价方法

针对彩色图像的质量评估问题,提出了一种基于四元数矩阵模型的图像质量评价方法。利用四元数矩阵对彩色图像建模,构造出图像的四元数矩阵模型;对矩阵进行奇异值分解,得到一组奇异值向量;计算标准图像与失真图像对应奇异值向量间的欧式距离,获得失真映射图谱;由失真图谱计算两幅图像间的全局误差,作为失真图像的质量评价结果。通过对几组不同类型失真图像的评价测试,结果表明,方法对图像质量的客观评价结果与主观感知有较高的一致性,并且能够从失真映射图谱判定图像的失真类型。     

一种基于稀疏分解的微多普勒频率估计算法

目标微动特性和微多普勒特征分析在真假目标识别方面发挥了重要作用。由于微动目标雷达同波具有非线性、多分量性等特征,需要相应的具有高分辨力、低交叉项、大的动态范围的分析工具,才能较好地揭示目标微多普勒特征。稀疏分解方法中的匹配追踪（MP）具有频域高分辨能力,对于信号细微特征提取具有很好的效果。研究了基于匹配追踪的微多普勒频率估计问题,该方法可以准确提取出目标微多普勒频率,为后续的目标识别提供了重要的依据。-     

利用格壁安装角对栅格舵展开折叠压心控制的工程方法研究探索

随着技术的发展，在工程设计中，对于巡航迎角下栅格舵导弹的展开与折叠的压心变化控制对于控制系统来说尤为重要。本文创新性的首次提出利用栅格舵的内壁单元的偏转，即相对于水平面的夹角来实现在设计点下的压心控制。由于设计过程需要多次迭代，本文利用计算在所关注的设计点处对展开折叠压心进行了验证，创造性的利用了等效代替的方法提出了一种新型的计算折叠状态压心的快速工程方法。     

Single track and single layer formation in selective laser melting of niobium solid solution alloy

Selective laser melting (SLM) was employed to fabricate Nb-37Ti-13Cr-2Al-1Si (at%) alloy, using pre-alloyed powders prepared by plasma rotating electrode processing (PREP). A series of single tracks and single layers under different processing parameters was manufactured to evaluate the processing feasibility by SLM, including laser power, scanning speed, and hatch distance. Results showed that continuous single tracks could be fabricated using proper laser powers and scanning velocities. Both the width of a single track and its penetration depth into a substrate increased with an increase of the linear laser beam energy density (LED), i.e., an increase of the laser power and a decrease of the scanning speed. Nb, Ti, Si, Cr, and Al elements distributed heterogeneously over the melt pool in the form of swirl-like patterns. An excess of the hatch distance was not able to interconnect neighboring tracks. Under improper processing parameters, a balling phenomenon occurred, but could be eliminated with an increased LED. This work testified the SLM-processing feasibility of Nb-based alloy and promoted the application of SLM to the manufacture of niobium-based alloys.     

Noise analysis of continuous GPS coordinate time series for CMONOC

The Crustal Movement Observation Network of China (CMONOC) is one of the major scientific infrastructures, mainly using Global Positioning System (GPS) measurements, to monitor crustal deformation in the Chinese mainland. In this paper, decade-long coordinate time series of 26 continuous GPS sites of CMONOC are analyzed for their noise content using maximum likelihood estimation (MLE). We study the noise properties of continuous GPS time series of CMONOC for the unfiltered, filtered solutions and also the common mode signals in terms of power law plus white noise model. In the spatial filtering, we remove for every time series a common mode error that was estimated from a modified stacking of position residuals from other sites within ∼1000 km of the selected site. We find that the common mode signal in our network has a combination of spatially correlated flicker noise and a common white noise with large spatial extent. We demonstrate that for the unfiltered solutions of CMONOC continuous GPS sites the main colored noise is a flicker process, with a mean spectral index of ∼1. For the filtered solutions, the main colored noise is a general power law process, indicating that a major number of the filtered regional solutions have a combination of noise sources or local effects. The velocity uncertainties from CMONOC continuous GPS coordinate time series may be underestimated by factors of 8–16 if a pure white noise model is assumed. In addition, using a white plus flicker noise model, the median values of velocity errors for the unfiltered solutions are 0.16 (north), 0.17 (east) and 0.58 (vertical) mm/yr, and the median values for the filtered solutions are 0.09 (north), 0.10 (east) and 0.40 (vertical) mm/yr.