一种桨尖暖喷微型动力系统的设计与实现

桨尖喷气直升机具有结构简单、空机重量轻的特点。桨尖喷气可分为冷喷,暖喷和热喷三种循环形式。针对用于驱动桨尖喷气旋翼机的微型暖喷混合排气发动机的设计与改造的研究工作,将原微型涡喷发动机作为燃气发生器,在其之后增加混排改造部件。按照原微型涡喷发动机和新构型的混合暖喷发动机的构型分别进行简化假设,并进行热力计算。根据混排发动机各截面参数及约束条件进行各部件设计,完成了混排发动机全部设计和制造后,初步测试表明：发动机可以很好满足桨尖喷气旋翼系统对于材料温度的要求,同时在相同耗油率的情况下,流量明显增加,达到了提高桨尖喷气热效率的目的。     

Constant thrust-V-bar departure under the thruster failure

In this paper, a field-of-view constrained guidance algorithm for -V-bar constant thrust departure under thruster failure is investigated. First of all, the relative position parameters of the chaser are obtained by using the vision measurement and the target departure manoeuvres positions are calculated through the isochronous interpolation method. Then, a new switching control law under constant thrust is designed for the departure manoeuvres. The switching control law is obtained based on the acceleration sequences and the on time of thrusters which can be computed by the time series analysis method. The perturbations and fuel consumptions are addressed during the computation of the on time of thrusters. With the switching control law, the constant thrust-V-bar departure under the thruster failure in the x-axis is carried out by using coupling effects.On the basis of the toolbox of matlab, practical examples for simulation and application are given. The half cone angle of the cone-shaped field-of-view of the target spacecraft is α = 30°, the simulation results show that the proposed guidance algorithm can well satisfy the conditions for the constraints and can make sure the chaser departures from the target spacecraft safely.     

Constant thrust fuel-optimal control for spacecraft rendezvous

In this paper, constant thrust rendezvous is studied and the optimal rendezvous time is calculated by using continuous genetic algorithm. Firstly, the relative position parameters of the target spacecraft are obtained by using the vision measurement and the target maneuver positions are calculated through the isochronous interpolation method. Then, the results of the calculation of constant thrust rendezvous is founded by processing with multivariate linear regression method. Next, a new switching control law is designed based on the thrust acceleration sequence and the on time of thrusters which can be computed by the time series analysis method. The perturbations and fuel consumptions are addressed during the computation of the on time of thrusters.     

基于非概率凸模型可靠性的结构优化设计

考虑到结构系统参数的不确定性,基于提出的非概率凸模型可靠性指标的新定义,研究了在非概率凸模型可靠性约束下,结构优化设计的数学模型和求解方法.该方法通过超椭球域界定不确定参量,将结构基本不确定变量安全域的超体积与其可行域的超椭球总体积之比作为结构非概率可靠性的度量.并赋值可靠度作为约束条件,利用乘子法和阻尼牛顿法对结构的优化问题进行迭代求解,算法稳定,迭代速度快.数值算例验证了所提出方法的正确性.     

Phase Residual Estimations for PCVs of Spaceborne GPS Receiver Antenna and Their Impacts on Precise Orbit Determination of GRACE Satellites

In-flight phase center systematic errors of global positioning system(GPS) receiver antenna are the main restriction for improving the precision of precise orbit determination using dual-frequency GPS.Residual approach is one of the valid methods for in-flight calibration of GPS receiver antenna phase center variations(PCVs) from ground calibration.In this paper,followed by the correction model of spaceborne GPS receiver antenna phase center,ionosphere-free PCVs can be directly estimated by ionosphere-free carrier phase post-fit residuals of reduced dynamic orbit determination.By the data processing of gravity recovery and climate experiment(GRACE) satellites,the following conclusions are drawn.Firstly,the distributions of ionosphere-free carrier phase post-fit residuals from different periods have the similar systematic characteristics.Secondly,simulations show that the influence of phase residual estimations for ionosphere-free PCVs on orbit determination can reach the centimeter level.Finally,it is shown by in-flight data processing that phase residual estimations of current period could not only be used for the calibration for GPS receiver antenna phase center of foretime and current period,but also be used for the forecast of ionosphere-free PCVs in future period,and the accuracy of orbit determination can be well improved.     

空间推进系统可靠性评估方法的改进

空间推进系统可靠性评估时,采用Lindstrom-Maddens(L-M)法评估比传统方法得到的结果更高。对比分析评估数据后发现L-M法更合理,因此建议采用L-M法进行可靠性评估,可以在满足可靠性指标前提下防止对产品提出过分苛刻的要求,从而降低设计难度和减少试验费用。     

遥操作系统中预测显示技术研究

通过虚拟预测技术对现有预测显示方法进行调研分析,提出了一种分类方法,有效地解决了遥操作中时延问题。针对目前计算机视觉领域的快速发展,提出一种基于视频流的在线重建模型的预测显示方法,该方法能够适应于非结构化的甚至是完全未知的环境,不仅能够解决机器人遥操作实验的时延问题,同时能够满足实时性的需求,文中指出了其关键技术。同时,实现了一个基于重建模型的预测显示原型系统,基于不同的时延条件,对通过时延视频构建的预测图像和真实采集到的图像进行了对比,验证了该方法能够补偿时延的影响,具有很好的预测效果。     

航天元器件关键工艺的统计过程控制方法

文章以统计过程控制（SPC）中的均值—标准差（X—R）控制图理论方法为基础,以宇航元器件关键工序中的集成电路键合拉力强度为研究对象,提出宇航元器件关键工序进行SPC的必要性,并提出以（X—R）控制图作为质量工具对宇航元器件关键工艺进行质量监控的方法,计算出该关键工艺的过程能力指数。     

高超声速飞行器研制系统工程风险概率分析

针对高超声速飞行器研制工程的高风险特点,对工程决策方和研制方面临的不同类型风险进行了建模分析。基于系统方案或关键技术的固有风险概率和抽象化的研发与验证过程,分别计算分析了工程决策方误判验收通过不合格产品和研制方过度研发或重复验证较低失败概率产品的风险概率,进而提出了高风险研发项目中研制方过度研发风险的概念,明确了工程决策误判风险与研制方过度研发风险的相互影响规律,并基于概率方法建立了一种可以综合权衡决策方风险和研制方风险、合理确定研制周期的系统工程优化方法。     

航空发动机多变量变增益控制器设计及仿真

针对航空发动机全包线工作下的多变量变增益控制器设计问题,给出了一种改进的埃德蒙德算法（以下简称KQ算法）并进行了仿真应用。首先,阐明了多变量KQ算法的控制原理与优化算法,进而通过闭环期望函数选择、控制器结构选择以及控制器参数优化进行了KQ控制器设计,并针对所设计的KQ控制器,给出了稳定性证明和系统奇异值分析。分析表明所设计KQ控制器能够使系统闭环稳定,且具有满意的低频指令跟踪、干扰抑制能力、传感器噪声的抑制、高频未建模动态的鲁棒稳定性和低频发动机建模误差不敏感等性能,满足发动机控制要求。其次,通过调度变量选择、设计点KQ控制器设计以及采用插值方法的非设计点KQ控制器设计等过程实现某型涡扇发动机的多变量KQ变增益控制器设计研究,并进行仿真验证。仿真结果表明,设计点条件下,当涡轮后温度和增压比参考输入均为阶跃信号时,其被控参数响应速度很快,且上升时间均小于1 s,耦合影响小于6%,设计点KQ控制器满足控制要求;非设计点条件下,利用插值方法建立的KQ变增益控制器具有较好的性能,能够实现该型涡扇发动机全包线控制性能要求。