A multi-objective optimization framework of constellation design for emergency observation

To meet the urgent needs of emergency observation missions, a well-designed constellation is key to ensuring system performance. This paper presents a multi-objective optimization framework which is well suited for constellation designers to identify key trade-offs and make decisions. Firstly, this work investigates the metrics of responsiveness and coverage simultaneously to approximate to the actual conditions of emergencies, and a multi-objective mathematical model is constructed to explore solutions to enhance the overall system performance. Then, according to the characteristics of emergency missions, a hierarchical chromosome encoding method is proposed in the framework to encode a solution that explores different sized constellations without constraining its specific geometry. Finally, we propose the use of radial axes plots to help constellation designers to gain pragmatic insights for informed decision making. The simulation of disaster management verifies that the proposed chromosome encoding method effectively promotes the convergence of the algorithm, and the multi-objective optimization framework helps to generate a rapid and adequate observation satellite constellation to provide maximum coverage performance while ensuring timeliness.     

一种航天器图像分类模型快速学习方法

为了有效分类空间目标,提出了一种航天器图像分类模型快速学习方法。分类模型的学习过程利用了分治思想,首先利用无监督聚类方法将图像数据集散列为类别桶,然后利用每个类别桶中的图像样本训练支持向量机完成学习过程。分类时利用支持向量机对待分类图像样本进行分类。实验结果表明,所提方法具有较好的实时性和准确率,能够为空间应用打下良好基础。     

Optimal spacecraft rendezvous using the combination of aerodynamic force and Lorentz force

This paper presents a propellantless spacecraft rendezvous method by using the optimal combination of aerodynamic force and Lorentz force. Aerodynamic force is provided by the rotations of the plates attached to the spacecraft, and Lorentz force is achieved by modulating spacecraft's electrostatic charge. Considering the limitation of the charging level of the spacecraft and physical constraints of the plates system, an optimal open-loop rendezvous trajectory is designed, which aims to minimize the energy consumed to actuate the hybrid system. The rotation rates of the plates and the electrostatic charge are constrained in the optimization problem, which is solved via the Gauss pseudospectral method. To track the open-loop trajectory in the presence of external perturbations, a novel adaptive nonsingular terminal sliding mode controller is designed. The stability of the closed-loop system is proved by the Lyapunov-based method. Several numerical examples are conducted to verify the validity of both the open-loop and closed-loop control strategy.     

改进型自抗扰四旋翼无人机控制系统设计与实现

针对提高四旋翼无人机姿态控制抗干扰能力的目标，设计了一种内外环嵌套结构的改进型自抗扰控制（ADRC）器。根据所搭建四旋翼无人机的实际参数，构建了四旋翼无人机姿态控制系统的数值仿真模型。通过与传统双闭环PID控制器进行对比，证明所设计的自抗扰控制系统在快速响应、无超调的前提下，具有很强的抗干扰能力以及较高的控制效率。将所设计的控制系统，应用于四旋翼无人机之上，在具有大偏载以及方向不确定的强干扰的飞行试验中，取得了良好的控制效果。      

航空制造数控铣削效率测评及管控研究

针对离散型航空制造企业数控铣削加工效率的提升,通过利用六西格玛的工具和方法,融合国际设备综合效率(Overall Equipment Effectiveness,OEE)核心思想,基于VERICUT仿真软件,统计分析了某航空企业的铝合金零件程序样本,找出了低效程序的部分共性问题,通过引入效率基线的概念,尝试控制程序材料去除率(Material Removal Rate,MRR)、面成型率(Surface Machining Rate,SMR)、空刀率等关键指标,提出了一种数控铣削效率的测评方法以及程序管控思路,能有效从工艺源头控制程序效率,防止低效的程序流入生产现场导致大量的时间浪费,从而提高数字化生产型企业的交付速率,提升企业核心竞争力。     

数字式温度传感器在温度测量及控制中的应用

介绍了串行数字式温度传器ＤＳ１８２１与ＭＣＵ（主机）的接口设计,以及其在小型温度测量仪中的应用。     

冲击刮削法评价封严涂层的可磨耗性

利用研制成功的新型电子冲击刮削试验机可较好地模拟航空发动机叶片刮削封严涂层的工况,测试涂层冲击刮削载荷-位移曲线及刮削功等。用刮削单位体积涂层所消耗的功评价涂层的可磨耗性。对某类涂层随涂层硬度增加,刮削功上升并有一阈值,以此值可确定生产中检验硬度范围的上限。对于相近硬度的涂层在相同条件下,313类涂层的刮削功小,可磨耗性较好,601类次之,307类较差。300℃试验时,刮削功下降,但不同类型的涂层下降幅度不同。     

基于“高分四号”卫星影像洞庭湖湿地信息提取

文章以"高分四号"卫星数据为数据源,以湖南洞庭湖区域为主要研究区域,建立了洞庭湖三级湿地分类系统(主要包括:水体、草滩地、泥滩、耕地、林地、裸地六类),分别使用最大似然法、支持向量机法以及神经网络法对洞庭湖湿地进行遥感信息提取。结果显示,在三种不同的遥感分类方法中,最大似然法分类精度相对较高,总体精度为77.14%,Kappa系数为0.592 9。研究发现:"高分四号"卫星影像具有良好的湿地类型信息提取能力,采用最大似然分类方法可以较好的进行大区域湿地类型信息的提取。     

皮卫星星箭分离动力学模拟及其灵敏度分析

皮卫星能源有限、姿控能力差等特点决定其对星箭分离初始姿态要求较高。在采用自主研发的皮卫星星箭分离机构的基础上,以多体动力学理论为基础,采用ADAMS软件建立了皮卫星及其星箭分离机构虚拟样机模型,分别就皮卫星质心偏离量、分离弹簧与舱门扭簧弹性系数对入轨初始姿态影响展开了分析。分析结果表明：质心偏心量对分离姿态影响最明显,分离弹簧与舱门扭簧弹性系数对其影响次之,合理配置分离弹簧与舱门扭簧弹性系数有利于卫星保持良好的姿态分离。在轨分离试验显示：分离时刻皮卫星滚动角速度、俯仰角速度、偏航角速度分别为-0.18（°）/s,-1.6（°）/s,0.95（°）/s,与在轨环境下仿真结果基本相符;入轨初始姿态能满足皮卫星的姿控要求,为其后续工作提供了保障。