遥感图像数据压缩新技术研究

研究了遥感图像数据压缩新技术。利用半正交小波基和对偶系设计了具有严格线性相位和精确重建特性的ＦＩＲ滤波器组，将其应用于遥感图像的数据压缩，取得了良好的成果。     

多星多任务运控系统可靠性优化模型

多星多任务运控系统任务需求是根据实时执行的各种任务而不断变化的,因而其在不同的任务状态下系统具有不同的可靠性结构。首先,给出了系统任务阶段分解的方法;然后,利用连续马尔可夫链理论建立了基于多星多任务运控系统的可靠性模型,给出了固定费用投资下对系统进行可靠性优化设计的边际分析算法;最后,通过案例分析,验证了模型的可行性与实用性。     

不同锯齿对圆转矩形喷管红外辐射特征影响数值模拟

在考虑中心锥、波瓣混合器、火焰稳定器以及加力燃烧室筒体影响的条件下,将轴对称收扩喷管改型设计为圆转矩形基准喷管,进一步在喷管出口进行修型设计.并对不同锯齿喷管流动、换热与红外辐射特征进行了数值分析.得到如下结论:考虑高温部件后,喷管红外辐射强度的方向性特征更加明显;相比圆转矩形基准喷管,采用多个小尺寸锯齿时,射流高温区长度有一定缩短,采用单个大尺寸锯齿时,高温区长度进一步缩短,其正后方红外辐射强度降低;将轴对称收扩喷管改为圆转矩形喷管并加装锯齿后,强化尾喷流与外流掺混,降低其红外辐射强度的同时带来了一定的推力损失.     

数据驱动的风能转换系统最优控制

风能转换系统具有很强的非线性,为了解决风能转换系统的建模困难问题,实现额定风速以下风能捕获率的最大化,根据数据驱动控制理论,在风能转换系统中采用数据驱动的最优控制方法。利用风能转换系统的输入输出数据获取马尔可夫参数,并构造一个数据驱动的控制器状态观测器,通过差分R iccati方程的闭合解设计出最优反馈控制器。仿真结果表明,采用数据驱动的最优控制方法,功率系数和叶尖速比都可以维持在最优值附近,有效地实现额定风速以下风能转换系统的最大风能捕获。     

一种航空装备使用最优梯次间隔时间计算方法

针对航空装备使用因梯次计划不合理,出现大修积压,影响装备在位率等问题,综合考虑装备在位率要求、大修厂修理能力、装备实际余寿等各项因素,提出了一种装备使用最优梯次间隔计算方法,并通过算例进行了仿真说明。结果表明,该方法可针对实际装备剩余寿命,给出最优梯次间隔时间参考建议,可为装备有效使用提供参考。     

Apparent rotation properties of space debris extracted from photometric measurements

Knowledge about the rotation properties of space debris objects is essential for the active debris removal missions, accurate re-entry predictions and to investigate the long-term effects of the space environment on the attitude motion change. Different orbital regions and object’s physical properties lead to different attitude states and their change over time.Since 2007 the Astronomical Institute of the University of Bern (AIUB) performs photometric measurements of space debris objects. To June 2016 almost 2000 light curves of more than 400 individual objects have been acquired and processed. These objects are situated in all orbital regions, from low Earth orbit (LEO), via global navigation systems orbits and high eccentricity orbit (HEO), to geosynchronous Earth orbit (GEO). All types of objects were observed including the non-functional spacecraft, rocket bodies, fragmentation debris and uncorrelated objects discovered during dedicated surveys. For data acquisition, we used the 1-meter Zimmerwald Laser and Astrometry Telescope (ZIMLAT) at the Swiss Optical Ground Station and Geodynamics Observatory Zimmerwald, Switzerland. We applied our own method of phase-diagram reconstruction to extract the apparent rotation period from the light curve. Presented is the AIUB’s light curve database and the obtained rotation properties of space debris as a function of object type and orbit.     

Spin motion determination of the Envisat satellite through laser ranging measurements from a single pass measured by a single station

The Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR) technology is used to accurately determine the position of space objects equipped with so-called retro-reflectors or retro-reflector arrays (RRA). This type of measurement allows to measure the range to the spacecraft with high precision, which leads to determination of very accurate orbits for these targets. Non-active spacecraft, which are not attitude controlled any longer, tend to start to spin or tumble under influence of the external and internal torques and forces.If the return signal is measured for a non-spherical non-active rotating object, the signal in the range residuals with respect to the reference orbit is more complex. For rotating objects the return signal shows an oscillating pattern or patterns caused by the RRA moving around the satellite’s centre of mass. This behaviour is projected onto the radial component measured by the SLR.In our work, we demonstrate how the SLR ranging technique from one sensor to a satellite equipped with a RRA can be used to precisely determine its spin motion during one passage. Multiple SLR measurements of one target over time allow to accurately monitor spin motion changes which can be further used for attitude predictions. We show our solutions of the spin motion determined for the non-active ESA satellite Envisat obtained from measurements acquired during years 2013–2015 by the Zimmerwald SLR station, Switzerland. All the necessary parameters are defined for our own so-called point-like model which describes the motion of a point in space around the satellite centre of mass.     

一种基于灰色预测理论和抗差自适应Kalman滤波的滑坡监测算法

针对当前的山体滑坡监测技术监测精度低、实时性差、自动化程度低的问题，提出了一种基于灰色预测理论和抗差自适应Kalman滤波的滑坡监测技术。该技术使用抗差自适应Kalman滤波技术,对包括实时动态(RTK）载波相位差分定位数据、无人机摄影测量数据、土工带传感器数据在内的多源数据进行融合分析，将滑坡形变监测精度提高到了mm级。RTK技术和土工带传感器的使用克服了天气状况、植被覆盖对滑坡监测的影响。使用灰色预测理论对山体滑坡监测点进行形变预测，结合蠕变切线角判据，该技术实现了对山体滑坡预警等级的划分。仿真实验结果显示，该山体滑坡监测技术能够成功实现山体滑坡预测预警功能。     

有机硅凝胶离心脱泡工艺研究

为解决传感器类产品使用有机硅凝胶灌封时易产生气泡的问题，同时提高箭上传感器灌封效率和灌封质量，本文采用离心脱泡工艺对有机硅凝胶进行脱泡研究，采用双因素优选试验的设计方法来确定最佳离心脱泡参数范围及最优的离心脱泡工艺参数，并进行脱泡及固化效果检查。实验表明，当采用离心脱泡参数为740 r/min 、12 min时，脱泡效果最佳。固化后胶液切片内的气泡最小直径约24 μm，最大直径约54 μm，且无桥接情况，测其绝缘均大于200 MΩ，无导通或短路情况符合NASA标准及且两个相邻气泡之间不能形成导通短路的要求。通过批量生产与试验验证，采用离心脱泡的工艺方法效果理想、稳定、有效可行，易于批量生产，满足箭上传感器类产品的使用要求。     

螺旋桨飞机近地飞行时的横航向稳定性

根据算例飞机数据，分析了地面效应和螺旋桨滑流对飞机横航向静稳定性的影响。结果表明，无论是否存在地面效应，螺旋桨滑流都将使飞机的航向静稳定性和横向静稳定性变差；同时，无论是否存在螺旋桨滑流，地面效应都将使飞机的横向静稳定性增强，航向静稳定性变差。此外，计算了不同飞行条件下的飞机横航向模态特性，分析了地面效应和螺旋桨滑流对飞机横航向动稳定性的影响。结果表明：无论是否存在地面效应，螺旋桨滑流都将增强滚转模态及荷兰滚模态的稳定性，并同时降低螺旋模态的稳定性；而无论是否存在螺旋桨滑流，地面效应总体上也都将使飞机的横航向动稳定性增强。