一种新的鲁棒非线性卡尔曼滤波

Huber方法是一种基于l1/l2联合范数的估计方法,该方法可以实现估计的鲁棒性,同时尽量不损失滤波精度和效率.基于Huber估计的无味卡尔曼滤波虽提高了无味卡尔曼滤波的鲁棒性,但这种方法用统计线性回归模型来近似非线性的观测模型,损失了无味变换的精度.从Huber方法的数学意义出发,对观测信息(观测值或观测噪声)进行重新构造,然后对精确的非线性观测方程进行标准的无味卡尔曼滤波,这种新的基于Huber方法的无味卡尔曼滤波无需对非线性观测方程进行线性近似,在保持鲁棒性的前提下提高了滤波精度.通过一个具有混合高斯分布观测噪声的简明实例,验证了新算法在鲁棒性、滤波精度以及估计一致性方面的优势.     

基于强化学习的航空器机场智能静态路径规划

随着人工智能迅速发展以及“智慧机场”的提出,研究人工智能在机场如何有效地辅助机场管制人员,驾驶员指挥航空器在地面滑行具有重要意义。本文提出一种基于强化学习的滑行路径规划方法,构建航空器机场地面强化学习移动模型,并以海口美兰机场为案例采用 Python 内置工具包 Tkinter 进行场面仿真;在此基础上,考虑机场航空器滑行规则,采用 Off-Policy 中 Q-Learning 算法求解贝尔曼方程,实现航空器在 Model-based 环境中进行静态路径规划。结果表明：本文所提方法能够实现停机位到跑道出口智能静态路径规划     

Orbit Design for Twin-spacecraft Space VLBI

Space Very Long Baseline Interferometry (S-VLBI) is an aperture synthesis technique utilizing an array of radio telescopes including ground telescopes and space orbiting telescopes. It can achieve much higher spatial resolution than that from the ground-only VLBI. In this paper, a new concept of twin spacecraft S-VLBI has been proposed, which utilizes the space-space baselines formed by two satellites to obtain larger and uniform uv coverage without atmospheric influence and hence achieve high quality images with higher angular resolution. The orbit selections of the two satellites are investigated. The imaging performance and actual launch conditions are all taken into account in orbit designing of the twin spacecraft S-VLBI. Three schemes of orbit design using traditional elliptical orbits and circular orbits are presented. These design results can be used for different scientific goals. Furthermore, these designing ideas can provide useful references for the future Chinese millimeter-wave S-VLBI mission.      

航天器火工冲击技术研究进展

系统总结了国内外航天器火工冲击环境预示、地面试验和减冲击技术三个方面的研究进展,并分析了国内在以上三个方面与国外航天强国的差距。在此基础上,从我国航天工程实际需求出发,分析指出了今后航天器火工冲击领域应重点开展的研究方向。     

基于XML的EtherCAT工业以太网协议解析技术

重点研究了基于可扩展标记语言(XML,eXtensible Markup Language)的EtherCAT工业以太网协议解析器技术和实现方法.介绍了EtherCAT协议报文格式和特点,分析了以太网数据侦听器和协议解析器的结构,针对通用以太网解析器在工业以太网领域应用的局限性,提出使用XML语言描述协议报文的方法,在此基础上开发出一种开放式、可重构的EtherCAT协议解析器.实验结果表明基于XML的协议报文描述方法及解析器能够有效地描述和解析EtherCAT协议报文,使用者可以根据解析对象格式使用XML语言自定义、修改和扩展协议解析规则,获得清晰、直观的解析结果.      

Gyrosynchrotron Radiation of Interplanetary CMEs

CMEs (Coronal Mass Ejections) are an important means of energy release in the solar corona. Solar Polar Orbit Radio Telescope (SPORT) is a mission being proposed for observing the propagation of interplanetary CMEs from solar polar orbit. The main payload onboard SPORT is a synthetic aperture interferometric radiometer, which receives radio emission of interplanetary CMEs. It is identified that there are mainly three radio emission mechanisms of CMEs, i.e., bremsstrahlung, gyrosynchrotron emission and plasma emission. Among these emission types, bremsstrahlung emission is the main emission mechanism of the high-density plasma clouds of interplanetary CMEs. Gyrosynchrotron emission is the continuous emission generated by high-energy electrons from CMEs, while plasma emission is the main mechanism of transient radio bursts from CMEs. In this paper, the gyrosynchrotron emission of interplanetary CMEs is focused on. Firstly, the mechanism of gyrosynchrotron emission is reviewed. Secondly, a review of the physical parameter models of background solar wind and interplanetary CMEs is presented. After these, the brightness temperature and polarization of gyrosynchrotron emission of interplanetary CMEs are calculated and analyzed. Finally, the detectability of gyrosynchrotron emission of interplanetary CMEs by radio meters is discussed briefly.      

实际入射角的相位干涉仪测角方法

为了提高短距离定位精度,消除采用平行入射假定所引入的计算误差,分析和研究了近似误差对角度估计和解相位模糊的影响;得出了满足平行入射近似的前提条件,为干涉仪的波长、基线长度等参数设计提供了指导依据;提出了实际入射角的相位差估计和相应的角度计算方法,提高了角度估计精度。文章提出的高精度相位干涉仪测角方法,适用于多个运动平台（如卫星、飞行器）的互相定位、航天器交会对接、地面短距离目标定位等测角精度要求高的工程应用。     

GNSS-R concept extended by a fine orbit tuning

Small changes in semimajor axis of the orbits selected for the GNSS-R [R as Reflectometry] satellites, so-called fine orbit tuning, known from the ESA’s Gravity and steady-state Ocean Circulation Explorer mission, can dramatically increase the number of nadir and off-nadir reflecting points and, in turn, can enhance the capability of the concept of bistatic altimetry (GNSS Reflectometry) without additional costs. The application of our suggestion is feasible for a satellite which will be equipped by thrusters for the orbit keeping. During the mission lifetime several orbit tunings are feasible, just to transfer from one to another orbit. Then we can study short-periodic or longer-periodic features, according to scientific goals defined for the mission. The shortest cycles (few days), corresponding to the required revisit time (defined by ESA), may be subcycles of much longer cycles (repeat periods).     

火箭整流罩外气动噪声环境的大涡模拟研究

基于五阶加权本质无振荡（WENO）格式构造隐式大涡模拟方法（ILES）,对跨声速来流条件下（Ma=0.8）火箭整流罩外噪声环境进行数值模拟。通过与风洞试验结果及国外文献进行对比,ILES方法能够在较粗网格下准确预测壁面湍流脉动特性。跨声速流动在壁面折角处出现分离、再附、激波/边界层干扰现象,均方根脉动压力系数出现峰值,同时该区域噪声能量在全频段都较高,易引起结构抖振效应。最后,根据ILES模拟结果,指出工程常用的外噪声经验公式的不足,并提出改进措施。