超声速磁流体管道流动的数值模拟

应用可同时适用于描述磁流体MHD (MagnetoHydroDynamic)强化超燃冲压发动机磁流体发电器与磁流体加速器的,包含磁流体N-S(Navier-Stokes)方程与磁感应方程的可压缩磁流体方程组对超声速磁流体管道流动进行了数值模拟研究,以验证本项工作所提出的对2组方程进行交替迭代的分裂式算法.给出了算例的计算结果,并与无磁场及恒磁场下相同管道的流动计算结果进行了对比分析.     

OLTARIS: On-line tool for the assessment of radiation in space

OLTARIS (On-Line Tool for the Assessment of Radiation In Space) is a space radiation analysis tool available on the World Wide Web. It can be used to study the effects of space radiation for various spacecraft and mission scenarios involving humans and electronics. The transport is based on the HZETRN transport code and the input nuclear physics model is NUCFRG. This paper describes the tools behind the web interface and the types of inputs required to obtain results. Typical inputs are mission parameters and slab definitions or vehicle thickness distributions. Radiation environments can be chosen by the user. This paper describes these inputs as well as the output response functions including dose, dose equivalent, whole body effective dose equivalent, LET spectra and detector response models.     

模拟可压缩流的高分辨率有限元法

采用经典的Galerkin方法对N-S方程进行空间离散,再以该半离散格式作为基本格式,参照Kuzmin的思想加入耗散与反耗散项,使所构造的格式具有局部极值不增(LED,Local Extremum Diminishing)性质.对上述半离散格式进行时间离散后所导出的稀疏线性代数方程组,采用了GMRES(Generalized Minimal Residual)迭代法进行求解.为验证所建立的格式及相应的程序,给出了激波管问题和绕圆柱与双椭球超声速流动问题的数值模拟结果.      

Radiation measured during ISS-Expedition 13 with different dosimeters

Radiation in low Earth orbit (LEO) is mainly composed of galactic cosmic rays (GCR), solar energetic particles and particles in SAA (South Atlantic Anomaly). The biological impact of space radiation to astronauts depends strongly on the particles’ linear energy transfer (LET) and is dominated by high LET radiation. It is important to measure the LET spectrum for the space radiation field and to investigate the influence of radiation on astronauts. At present, the preferred active dosimeters sensitive to all LET are the tissue equivalent proportional counter (TEPC) and the silicon detectors in various configurations; the preferred passive dosimeters are CR-39 plastic nuclear track detectors (PNTDs) sensitive to high LET and thermoluminescence dosimeters (TLDs) as well as optically stimulated luminescence dosimeters (OSLDs) sensitive to low LET. The TEPC, CR-39 PNTDs, TLDs and OSLDs were used to investigate the radiation field for the ISS mission Expedition 13 (ISS-12S) in LEO. LET spectra and radiation quantities (fluence, absorbed dose, dose equivalent and quality factor) were measured for the space mission with different dosimeters. This paper introduces the role of high LET radiation in radiobiology, the operational principles for the different dosimeters, the LET spectrum method using CR-39 detectors, the method to combine the results measured with TLDs/OSLDs and CR-39 PNTDs, and presents the LET spectra and the radiation quantities measured and combined.     

高超声速尖锥边界层转捩数值模拟

边界层转捩对高超声速飞行器气动力和热产生重要影响.通过联立求解Favré平均层流脉动能方程与Favré平均Navier-Stokes方程,开展了高马赫数条件下尖锥边界层转捩位置的数值预测研究.将数值计算结果与可用的实验结果进行对比,结果表明增大单位Reynolds数可使转捩提前发生,攻角效应可使迎风面转捩延迟,背风面转捩提前.     

微吹减阻技术影响因素的数值模拟

以NASA格伦中心的PN3和PN23型微孔壁板为原形建立"1排微孔"、"4排微孔"、"8排微孔"和"16排微孔"4种计算模型,针对不同的几何、物理参数进行了微吹技术MBT(Micro-Blowing Technique)降低平板摩擦阻力的数值模拟参数研究.结果显示:微量吹气使主流边界层近壁面流动减速,从而改变了壁面局部摩擦力的分布;不同几何、物理参数对MBT技术减阻能力的影响满足一定的规律.参数研究的结果可为该技术的减阻应用提供一定的指导.     

Fast automatic leveling subject to abrupt deterministic input

This investigation applies a modified Kalman filter with a recursive generalized M estimator (GME) of input to a class of leveling problems, that are subject to abrupt environmental disturbances and high noise levels. A least-squares estimator (LSE) based hypothetical testing scheme is also devised to detect the onset and presence of the input. Simulation results demonstrate that the leveling speed of convergence and accuracy is markedly higher than the original unmodified one