陀螺稳定的机载重力测量平台

本文介绍了满足目前测量飞机中重力异常达１毫伽需求的陀螺稳定的机械重力测量平台,这种技术尽管不需要新的内容,但已用目前工艺方法进行了改进提高。目前,惯性器件,改进的机械平台部件,改进的电子器件和计算功率的提高及较好的热控制都有助于形成较好的稳定,滤波和导航。     

Social support and depressed mood in isolated and confined environments

The influence of isolation and confinement on social support and depressed mood was examined in a study of 235 men and women who spent a year at McMurdo Station in Antarctica, and a study of 77 men and women who spent a year at the Amundson-Scott South Pole Station. Although availability of support remained unchanged, there was a significant decrease in reported satisfaction with support obtained, as well as a significant increase in depressed mood. Satisfaction with support was inversely associated with depressed mood at the beginning and end of isolation and confinement. At the end of winter, this association varied by source of support. High levels of tension-anxiety, depression and anger preceded an increase in advice seeking, but high levels of advice seeking also preceded an increase in tension-anxiety and depression. Results suggest a significant erosion of social support under conditions of prolonged isolation and confinement, leading to an increase in depressed mood.     

Quantification of spatial structure of human proximal tibial bone biopsies using 3D measures of complexity

Changes in trabecular bone composition during development of osteoporosis are used as a model for bone loss in microgravity conditions during a space flight. Symbolic dynamics and measures of complexity are proposed and applied to assess quantitatively the structural composition of bone tissue from 3D data sets of human tibia bone biopsies acquired by a micro-CT scanner. In order to justify the newly proposed approach, the measures of complexity of the bone architecture were compared with the results of traditional 2D bone histomorphometry. The proposed technique is able to quantify the structural loss of the bone tissue and may help to diagnose and to monitor changes in bone structure of patients on Earth as well as of the space-flying personnel.     

Life and light: exotic photosynthesis in binary and multiple-star systems

The potential for Earth-like planets within binary/multiple-star systems to host photosynthetic life was evaluated by modeling the levels of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) such planets receive. Combinations of M and G stars in (i) close-binary systems; (ii) wide-binary systems, and (iii) three-star systems were investigated, and a range of stable radiation environments were found to be possible. These environmental conditions allow for the possibility of familiar, but also more exotic, forms of photosynthetic life, such as IR photosynthesizers and organisms that are specialized for specific spectral niches.     

硬X射线调制望远镜卫星载荷数据存储系统设计与验证

针对X射线科学数据全天时、种类多、数据率变化大、更高准确性和可靠性的要求,研制了硬X射线调制望远镜(HXMT)卫星数据存储系统(DSS),用于实现对有效载荷和卫星平台数据的接收、处理、记录、存储以及回放。文章在给出了数据存储系统功能需求分析的基础上,对工作模式灵活多样和在轨长期工作下的高可靠性存储这两个最主要特点的设计和验证情况进行了说明。通过软件注错、辐照试验,以及在轨长期连续运行结果表明:HXMT卫星的数据存储系统灵活性高、可靠性好、运行稳定,完全满足用户需求,对HXMT卫星科学目标的实现奠定了基础,可为后续航天器数据存储系统的设计和验证提供参考。     

用接触元模型分析有接缝混凝土道面的动力反应

该文系统介绍了一种用来分析多种接缝混凝土道面对运动的飞机荷载动力反应的有限元算法。在有限元理想化模式中，道面结构系统被理想化为置于文克勒型粘弹性基础之上的薄板有限单元，文克勒型粘弹性基础用一组分布弹簧和粘壶表示，横缝处的传力杆用平面桁架单元表示，传力杆－道面相互作用通过道面和传力杆之间的接触单元实现，企口缝或假缝定为纵缝，用垂直的弹簧单元表示。分析过程中还考虑到了飞机与道面间的相互动力作用，用弹簧     

Tírez lake as a terrestrial analog of Europa

Tírez Lake (La Mancha, central Spain) is proposed as a terrestrial analogue of Europa's ocean. The proposal is based on the comparison of the hydrogeochemistry of Tírez Lake with the geochemical features of the alteration mineralogy of meteoritic precursors and with Galileo's Near Infrared Mapping Spectrometer data on Europa's surface. To validate the astrobiological potential of Tírez Lake as an analog of Europa, different hydrogeochemical, mineral, and microbial analyses were performed. Experimental and theoretical modeling helped to understand the crystallization pathways that may occur in Europa's crust. Calculations about the oxidation state of the hypothetical Europan ocean were estimated to support the sulfate-rich neutral liquid model as the origin of Europa's observed hydrated minerals and to facilitate their comparison with Tírez's hydrogeochemistry. Hydrogeochemical and mineralogical analyses showed that Tírez waters corresponded to Mg-Na-SO(4)-Cl brines with epsomite, hexahydrite, and halite as end members. A preliminary microbial ecology characterization identified two different microbial domains: a photosynthetically sustained community represented by planktonic/benthonic forms and microbial mat communities, and a subsurficial anaerobic realm in which chemolithotrophy predominates. Fluorescence in situ hybridization has been used to characterize the prokaryotic diversity of the system. The subsurficial community seemed to be dominated by sulfate-reducing bacteria and methanogens. Frozen Tírez brines were analyzed by Fourier-transform infrared techniques providing spectra similar to those reported previously using pure components and to the Galileo spectral data. Calorimetric measurements of Tírez brines showed pathways and phase metastability for magnesium sulfate and sodium chloride crystallization that may aid in understanding the processes involved in the formation of Europa's icy crust. The use of fluorescence hybridization techniques for microbial detection and characterization in hypersaline environments makes this methodology strongly advisable for future Europa astrobiological missions.