基于预警卫星系统的临近空间飞行器跟踪简

 系统地研究了如何对临近空间飞行器进行有效实时跟踪的问题,并提出了一种基于约束总体最小二乘与自适应交互式多模型（CTLS-AIMM）滤波相结合的实时跟踪滤波算法。首先考虑到临近空间飞行器的特点,选择使用红外预警卫星系统探测目标飞行器,并使用约束总体最小二乘算法（CTLS）对目标进行粗定位;然后在粗定位信息基础上,使用自适应交互式多模型滤波算法（AIMM）对目标飞行器进行实时跟踪。在AIMM中,根据临近空间飞行器机动特性,合理选择目标模型集,并使用迭代最小二乘算法对模型参数进行自适应调整。通过仿真,验证了该跟踪滤波算法的可行性。     

一种基于氧化锆陶瓷的宽带圆极化双环天线

随着射频系统工作频率的不断提高,介质天线因不受导体损耗影响而备受关注。基于高介电常数介质波导在其高次模截止区的漏波辐射以及陶瓷三维打印技术,提出了一种宽带圆极化双环介质天线。相比于同样是工作于行波模式的金属宽带圆极化环天线,该介质天线的漏波辐射更易产生。探究了介质波导的辐射机理,并详细展示了该介质天线的设计过程：先将漏波辐射的直介质波导弯曲成单环以实现圆极化,再把单环结构拓展为双环,从而展宽天线的工作带宽。通过对比单环与双环介质天线可以发现,双环结构的轴比带宽大约是单环的3倍,且两天线在工作频段内均具有良好的右旋圆极化特性。为了验证该天线设计的有效性,利用陶瓷光固化工艺（一种三维打印技术）制作了天线实物,其实测轴比带宽为3.94~5.1GHz,最大增益为8.6dBic。     

基于焦面哈特曼波前传感器的大视场高精度波前测量技术论证

气动光学效应容易对导引头目标成像跟踪系统产生不良影响,然而传统哈特曼波前传感器由于探测视场小,无法作用于导引头的目标成像跟踪系统。文章介绍了一种能够大视场测量的焦面哈特曼波前传感器,同时针对在焦面哈特曼中传统模式法无法高精度测量的问题,提出一种能够高精度测量的优化波前复原算法——基于Gerchberg-Saxton迭代的波前复原算法。然后根据满足大视场测量的结构设计,搭建了仿真平台,利用优化的波前复原算法对仿真输入像差进行复原。最后,利用多个激光器搭建了大视场波前复原实验平台并验证了焦面哈特曼波前传感器具有能够实现高精度的大视场波前测量的能力。     

Remaining useful life prediction based on variation coefficient consistency test of a Wiener process

High-cost equipment is often reused after maintenance, and whether the information before the maintenance can be used for the Remaining Useful Life (RUL) prediction after the maintenance is directly determined by the consistency of the degradation pattern before and after the maintenance. Aiming at this problem, an RUL prediction method based on the consistency test of a Wiener process is proposed. Firstly, the parameters of the Wiener process estimated by Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) are proved to be biased, and a modified unbiased estimation method is proposed and verified by derivation and simulations. Then, the h statistic is constructed according to the reciprocal of the variation coefficient of the Wiener process, and the sampling distribution is derived. Meanwhile, a universal method for the consistency test is proposed based on the sampling distribution theorem, which is verified by simulation data and classical crack degradation data. Finally, based on the consistency test of the degradation model, a weighted fusion RUL prediction method is presented for the fuel pump of an airplane, and the validity of the presented method is verified by accurate computation results of real data, which provides a theoretical and practical guidance for engineers to predict the RUL of equipment after maintenance.     

Investigation of straightforward impedance eduction method on single-degree-of-freedom acoustic liners

In order to address the current aircraft noise problem, the knowledge of impedance of acoustic liners subjected to high-intensity sound and grazing flow is of crucial importance to the design of high-efficiency acoustic nacelles. To this end, the present study is twofold. Firstly, the StraightForward impedance eduction Method (SFM) is evaluated by the strategy that the impedance of a liner specimen is firstly experimentally educed on a flow duct using the SFM, and then its accuracy is checked by comparing the numerical prediction with the measured wall sound pressure of the flow duct. Secondly, the effects of grazing flow and high-intensity sound on the impedance behavior of two single-layer liners are investigated based on comparisons between educed impedance and predictions by three impedance models. The performance of the SFM is validated by showing that the educed impedance leads to excellent agreement between the simulation and the measured wall sound pressure for different grazing flow Mach numbers and Sound Pressure Levels (SPLs) and over a frequency range from 3000?Hz down to 500?Hz. The grazing flow effect generally has the tendency that the acoustic resistance exhibits a slight decrease before it increases linearly with an increase in Mach, predicted successfully by the sound-vortex interaction theoretical model and the Kooi semi-empirical impedance model. However, the Goodrich semi-empirical impedance model gives only a simple linear relation of acoustic resistance starting from Mach zero. Additionally, when the SPL increases from 110 to 140?dB in the present investigation, the acoustic resistance exhibits a significant increase at all frequencies in the absence of flow; however, the resistance decreases slightly under a grazing flow of Mach 0.117. It indicates that the SPL effect can be greatly inhibited when flow is present, and the grazing flow effect can be reduced partly as well at a relatively high SPL.     

多机布阵航路规划问题研究

针对多机布阵航路规划问题,提出了一种新的策略。首先,建立了多机航路规划模型;然后,采用聚类分析的方法将浮标点分类,并给出了任务分配的原则,从而将多机航路规划问题转化为单机航路规划问题;最后,利用模拟退火算法分别求解,并在此基础之上采用平均路径长度的方法给出了优化算法。     

基于PSD的并联微定位平台位姿检测方法

位置姿态（以下简称位姿）检测是研究六自由度定位平台的技术难点之一,为了快速准确测量六自由度并联微定位平台的位姿,验证平台的定位精度,基于多片二维PSD光电位置传感器设计了六自由度光学位姿检测系统。依据几何光学理论,建立了六自由度位姿解算的数学模型。通过仿真计算,该算法可以快速准确解算六自由度定位平台位姿。进一步分析了该模型在考虑存在测量误差时的理论计算误差,结果表明,基于二维PSD位置传感器的六自由度光学位姿检测系统在解算六自由度定位平台位姿的同时,具备较高的测量精度。     

基于LSTAR的机载燃油泵多阶段退化建模

机载燃油泵的性能退化呈现出平稳—加速—平稳的非线性、多阶段模式,针对现有退化模型难以准确描述其全寿命周期性能退化的问题,以逻辑平滑转换自回归(LSTAR)模型为工具,对机载燃油泵出口压力传感器信号进行建模。首先,对转换后的压力传感器信号建立自回归(AR)模型,通过非线性检验说明建立LSTAR模型的必要性;然后,应用非线性最小二乘法完成参数估计;最后,在AIC准则最小及拟合优度最大的原则下,选择转换变量,通过残差进行模型的适应性检验与正态性检验。结果表明:基于LSTAR模型的拟合精度明显优于线性自回归模型。本文提出的方法成功解决了机载燃油泵性能退化的多阶段准确建模问题,为机载燃油泵的预测与健康管理(PHM)奠定了坚实的基础。     

基于领域知识图谱的卫星故障辅助诊断与处置方法

本文重点针对传统故障诊断方法能力不足的缺点，开展基于领域知识图谱的卫星故障辅助诊断与处置方法研究，突破卫星故障领域知识图谱构建关键技术，关联固化卫星系统多维专家知识，构建卫星故障领域知识图谱，进而实现结合卫星故障知识信息的卫星故障推理分析和辅助诊断处置，提升复杂故障场景下的卫星故障诊断效率与处置能力。本文提出的方法为保障大气环境监测卫星的在轨长期稳定运行，提供了一种新的故障辅助诊断与处置措施。     

航天大功率电动伺服系统功率驱动设计及验证技术

针对运载火箭30 kW以上功率等级电动伺服控制驱动器的研制要求，设计了一种强环境适应的大功率绝缘栅双极型晶体管(IGBT)功率驱动模组。通过对火箭固体助推发动机工作环境分析，设计了基于光耦驱动器件的功率驱动与保护电路;为有效提升功率驱动模组在高压大电流工作时的可靠性，采用降低功率主回路杂散电感与IGBT有源钳位闭环控制相结合的方法，有效抑制IGBT在大电流关断时的电压尖峰;通过对动力电进行滤波处理，有效解决高压高频信号通过线缆传输时对控制驱动器内、外部的电磁干扰问题;通过IGBT功率驱动电路的单双脉冲测试及连续功率测试，有效验证IGBT功率驱动模组的高压驱动能力，为大功率电动伺服系统的可靠性提供技术支撑。