战术导弹固体发动机燃烧不稳定研究概述

介绍了大长径比战术导弹用固体发动机中产生的燃烧不稳定,分析了燃烧不稳定产生的机理,总结了国外典型的实验研究情况及其主要结论,以及国内固体发动机燃烧不稳定的状况。结合最新的研究进展,对燃烧不稳定的影响因素开展了深入分析:分析了声涡之间的耦合作用,重点讨论了声对涡的调制作用;分析了推进剂压强耦合对燃烧不稳定的影响,讨论了压强耦合响应函数的测试方法及其与推进剂配方之间的关系;分析了金属的分散燃烧及其凝相燃烧产物对燃烧不稳定的增益和阻尼作用。针对诸影响因素,提出了进一步的研究建议。     

含纳米金属粉的推进剂点火实验及燃烧性能研究

利用CO2激光点火系统对含有纳米铝粉和纳米镍粉的AP／HTPB推进剂进行激光点火实验,测量了推进剂在不同激光功率和压强下的点火延迟时间,对推进剂的燃速、常压点火温度和爆热也进行了测量。同时,利用氧化还原滴定法测定燃烧残渣中活性铝含量。结果表明,纳米铝粉(n—Al)的点火阀值比普通铝粉(g-A1)的点火阀值小几个数量级,加入纳米铝粉可有效地缩短推进剂点火延迟时间。而在纳米镍粉为催化剂的协同作用下,推进剂燃速明显提高,点火延迟时间也大大减少,Al在推进剂燃烧过程中的燃烧效率得以提高,同时燃烧残渣中活性铝含量也明显降低。     

基于分散化信息滤波的移动机器人定位

给出分散化信息滤波的最优性证明和保证最优性的条件 ,讨论了分散化信息滤波在故障检测和多传感器融合中的优势 ,提出一种在不影响分散化优势的情况下可以减小通讯量的滤波器结构。最后的仿真例子说明该方法在移动机器人定位应用中的有效性。     

带马尔科夫参数的容错控制系统中系统噪声与故障诊断检测延迟时间的关系

讨论了带马尔科夫参数的容错控制系统 (FTCSMP)中 ,在保持系统随机稳定性的前提下 ,系统噪声与故障诊断检测延迟时间的关系 ,并进一步给出了确定故障诊断检测延迟时间范围的方法 ,为故障诊断方法的选择提供了依据     

新型ARMOR热防护系统

热防护系统是保证航天运载器安全、快捷、经济飞行的关键技术之一。在经历了C／C与陶瓷基复合材料等热防护结构后，一种新型的热防护系统应运而生-ARMOR(Adaptable，Robust，Metallic，Operable，Reusable)热防护系统(TPS)。ARMORTPS是一种可适应的、坚固的、金属性的、可操作的、可重复使用的新型热防护系统。它具有易于安装、使用寿命(耐久能力)长、材料的兼容性好、维修时间短等许多特点，是RLV的重要的候选热防护系统之一。本文介绍了热防护系统的发展现状和要求。着重介绍了ARMORTPS的基本结构，连接方式和密封方法等特点。目前ARMORTPS外面板采用的材料为inconel617等材料．未来热防护系统外面板的候选材料为．γ～TiAl和微叠层等材料。最后总结了ARMOR TPS的优点。     

国外弹道导弹被动段控制技术

本文在论述弹道导弹被动段控制重大意义的基础上,阐述了国外几种型号导弹的被动段控制方法及其实施途径;介绍了再入飞行器滚动控制方法;对再入段减速的几种方案进行了探讨和分折比较。     

按降低轨迹灵敏度综合最优设计飞行控制系统

本文提出了一个按降低轨迹灵敏度综合最优设计飞行控制系统的方法。它能使系统具有满意的动态品质,同时对系统参数的变化及非线性产生的影响具有较强的鲁棒性。该设计方法具有通用性和程序化,系统实现简单。     

固体火箭发动机／导弹一体化设计

以某一两级固体地—空导弹作为算例,研究了固体火箭发动机/导弹一体化设计问题。研究以导弹起飞质量最轻和可用过载最大为目标建立了目标函数,利用优化理论完成了7个设计变量的优化设计。优化结果表明,所建立的数学模型是正确的。     

GPS based onboard and onground orbit operations for small satellites

In extension to common applications such as groundtrack displays and antenna steering, the SGP4 orbit model is proposed for operational orbit determination in small satellite missions. SGP4 is an analytical orbit model for Low-Earth orbiting satellites that is widely used for the propagation of NORAD twoline elements. Twoline elements may hence be generated completely independent of NORAD. Their use as exclusive source of orbital information simplifies the operations concept and reduces mission costs through the extensive use of existing low-cost mission support software. Due to small computer resource requirements of 8–10kByte, the SGP4 model may also be applied for onboard orbit computations making use of e.g. a 80186 processor, thus ensuring full compatibility of ground-based and onboard operations. The proposed approach is particularly suited in combination with a space-borne GPS receiver, were the C/A-code navigation solutions are treated as measurements that are adjusted in a least-squares sense using the SGP4 model. As consequence, inherent drawbacks of the pure navigation solutions such as data gaps and scatter as well as limited velocity accuracy are avoided, while the operational navigation activities are kept at a minimum. The feasibility of the concept is illustrated based on real GPS navigation data from the TOPEX/Poseidon and the MIR space station with an inherent data quality of 50–100 m. It is shown that 3 hours of data within a 4 day period are sufficient to keep the position error within 4 km, that is considered sufficient for most applications.     

Advanced detectors and instruments for small satellites

This paper presents some approaches to the development of advanced detectors and to miniaturized instrument design which are pursued in the Institute of Space Sensor Technology of DLR (the German Aerospace Research Establishment). The instrument design approach is demonstrated for a low-weight (3 kg) dual camera system with narrow-angle in-track stereo and wide-angle multispectral features. Each camera has its own signal processor and 0,5 G Bit mass memory. The activities for advanced detector development are concentrated on two different kinds of detectors and instrumentations: infrared detector arrays and instruments at wavelengths out to about 240 μm, and superheterodyne receivers in the submillimeter and far-infrared spectral ranges.