Effect of Semi-solid Isothermal Heat Treatment on Microstructure of VW63Z Alloy

The effects of isothermal heat treatment on the semi-solid microstructure evolution of VW63Z (Mg-6Gd-3Y-0.4Zr, wt.%) alloy are studied. It shows that the microstructure of VW63Z alloy could transform from equiaxed crystal to semi-solid spherical crystal after isothermal heat treatment above 620 ºC. With the heating temperature elevating from 620 ºC to 635 ºC and the holding time prolonging from 10 min to 35 min, the liquid fraction increases gradually. The semi-solid microstructure evolution of VW63Z alloy can be divided into three stages, i.e., particle coarsening and spheroidization;particle necking, coalescence, and Ostwald ripening;and dynamic equilibrium. The semi-solid process window of VW63Z alloy ranges from 620 ºC to 635 ºC, where the best process parameters are holding at 635 ºC for 20 min?30 min. The solid fraction, the average particle size, and the shape factor are 41.1%?53.8%, 81.5 μm?83.2 μm, and 0.70?0.75, respectively. The maximum relative deviations of the solid fraction, the particle size, and the shape factor at different heights of the same billet are 44.6%, 17.4%, and 16.6%, respectively, which means that it should pay attention to the uniformity of edge and core of VW63Z alloy during isothermal heat treatment. The driving force of microstructure is supposed to be the reduction of solid-liquid interface free energy.     

Recent Developments on Damage and Fracture of Thin-Walled Complex Components Produced by Spinning

The spinning technique has been widely used in the manufacture of aerospace thin-walled axisymmetric components because of its excellent formability. Damage and fracture, as the important defects that often occur and must be avoided in the forming and service stages of components, have attracted much attention of researchers. In this paper, the fracture behavior and laws of spinning components such as conical parts, tubular parts, and components with inner ribs are summarized, the typical coupled and uncoupled ductile fracture models are introduced, and their applications in spinning are analyzed. Meanwhile, the recent developments on the modified ductile fracture model in analyzing damage and fracture mechanisms of spinning are emphatically introduced. The results could provide guidance for the selection and establishment of appropriate ductile fracture models in the finite element simulation for the accurate prediction and analysis of fracture moment, location, form, damage mechanism, and evolution law, and help the development of precision spinning techniques for high-performance thin-walled complex components.     

先进的热防护方法及在飞行器的应用前景初探

随着航天技术的发展,飞行器的热环境面临着新的变化,对热防护提出了挑战。对各类主动热防护方式的原理、研究进展和应用现状进行了归纳总结。结合飞行器未来发展,提出了适应于未来应用的基于相变工质的对流冷却、自适应膜相变冷却和发汗冷却的系统性主动热防护方式。并以此为基础,提出了结合被动、半被动和主动热防护的飞行器全时域综合热管理思路。     

基于磁路法与等效热网络法的航天 永磁同步电机设计与仿真

针对航天永磁同步电机方案初步设计耗时长、过度依赖商业软件的问题,基于磁路法和热网络法,提出了一套方案设计阶段航天永磁同步电机磁热性能快速预估与仿真方法。给出了定子内径、定子外径、铁芯长度、匝数等关键参数的取值准则,建立了包含36个节点集总参数热网络模型,并以端部绕组为例给出了热平衡方程的详细推导过程。通过与成熟商业软件对比,其电磁计算最大误差出现在电流有效值上,偏差值为607%;与样机实测值对比,绕组温升最大误差为73%,满足方案设计阶段预示精度要求,为方案设计阶段航天永磁同步电机快速性能预估提供有力支撑。     

基于前馈神经网络的柔性连续臂建模与仿真

柔性连续臂的设计研究近年来取得重大进展,但其建模研究一直相对滞后。为此,文章对柔性连续臂进行运动学建模研究,提出使用临时姿态矩阵求解逆运动学的方法,解决了逆运动学不易收敛的问题;利用前馈神经网络对基于模态振型函数（MSF）的模型进行拟合,建立一种端到端的正运动学模型和逆运动学模型,在保证模型精度的同时,显著提高了其逆运动学求解效率。该模型可以灵活更改前馈神经网络输入输出神经元的数量,从而将自身迁移到多节模型中。     

C/C喉衬稳态烧蚀的工程计算

根据固体火箭发动机燃烧中氧化性组分扩散控制喷管喉衬烧蚀和Ａｌ２Ｏ３沉积对喉衬的保护，提出Ｃ／Ｃ喉衬稳态烧蚀的工程方法。３个分动机的烧蚀预示结果与实测结果吻合，该计算方法具有较高的精度。     

高速SpaceWire协议IP的可靠性增强方法

针对航天高速SpaceWire总线系统对协议IP的高可靠性要求,提出一种用于静态随机访问存储器(SRAM)型现场可编辑逻辑门阵列(FPGA)的增强三模冗余(TMR)方法。该方法对传统三模冗余和部分三模冗余做了改进,将需要进行三模冗余的原设计分为一般单元集和可靠性薄弱的关键单元集,对一般单元集中的每个单元做三模冗余,对关键单元集中的每个单元做顺序四模冗余。给出了顺序四模冗余的可靠度计算式和表决器的布尔表达式。建立了系统可靠性的马尔科夫模型并基于模型开展了可靠性仿真。仿真结果表明增强三模冗余系统的可靠性不仅明显优于传统三模冗余系统,而且优于部分三模冗余系统,使系统可靠性得到有效提高。     

镁基碳纤维增强复合材料超声辅助切削试验研究

为研究镁基碳纤维增强复合材料(C_f/Mg)的切削力与已加工表面质量,开展了硬质合金铣刀与硬质合金钻头超声辅助切削试验研究。通过正交试验得到,超声辅助铣削C_f/Mg复合材料时铣削力随每齿进给量及铣削深度的增加而明显增大,随主轴转速的增加而减小;试验中,在超声辅助铣削时每齿进给量0.025mm、铣削深度0.2mm、转速6000r/min加工参数下铣削力最小,每齿进给量0.025mm、铣削深度0.2mm、转速4000r/min加工参数下表面质量较好;采用硬质合金钻头进行单因素钻削试验时,轴向钻削力随主轴转速的升高而减小;与传统钻削相比,超声辅助钻削能减小轴向钻削力,在机床转速6000r/min、机床进给速度100mm/min加工参数下超声辅助钻削相比传统钻削可减小约36%的轴向钻削力;超声辅助钻削相比传统钻削能改善钻孔出口的毛刺、分层等缺陷。     

统一分区加强解算法解物体穿越激波非定常流场

使用统一分区加强解算法求解非定常可压缩Navier-Stokes方程，模拟了物体分别以超音速和亚声速穿越与之同向运动激波的全过程，并且通过和单区计算结果的详细对比，说明统一分区加强解算法能够简便、有效的处理复杂几何外形和提高网格分辨率。     

小波变换在遥测信号检测中的应用

为了更好地分析和处理弹载固态记录仪所记载的助推火箭在发射时对弹体的冲击和振动信号，本文利用小波变换所具有的空间局部化性质，在对原始采样数据的奇异性及奇异性位置和奇异度的大小的分析中，以及在导弹型号试射实验的后视数据分析中，取得出了良好的分析效果。