临近空间飞艇艇库外约束及稳定性分析

临近空间飞艇在发放前通常停放在艇库内,一旦离开艇库就不可避免地受到艇库外天气,尤其地面风的影响,不仅影响飞艇发放操作的快捷和安全,而且还事关飞行试验的成败。文章建立了大型飞艇在地面受两侧约束时的力学模型,采用动力学方法,分析了受到地面风作用时飞艇的姿态和约束拉力的变化,得到地面风起时和风速稳定后的解析解,评估了飞艇受到地面风作用时的稳定性和安全性。通过分析得到在两侧约束条件下飞艇对正向风和侧风的承受极限,为临近空间飞艇采用两侧约束方式的可行性提供了判据,也为今后发展临近空间飞艇发放技术提供借鉴。     

一种垂直度测量方法及其国际比对

介绍了北京航天计量测试技术研究所参加亚太实验室认可合作组织(APLAC)垂直度测量比对的情况,利用垂直度标准装置对平行直角尺样件的外角和内角进行打表法比较测量,采用样件调转180°测量的误差分离技术,消减了标准装置的垂直度误差影响,并进行测量不确定度分析。比对结果证明所有的测量点获得E_n值小于1的满意结果。     

Walker星座摄动分析与保持控制策略

针对运行在中高轨道上的全球Walker星座的构形长期保持控制问题,通过分析星座卫星的轨道摄动及构形相对漂移,研究了星座构形长期保持的控制方法及控制策略.对于星座构形的保持,研究了星座构形摄动补偿法,提出了星座构形数值微分修正法.最后给出了全球星座构形长期保持控制策略并进行了仿真验证,仿真分析表明,星座构形数值微分修正法比构形摄动补偿法具有更高的控制计算精度.     

A Weighted Inner Product Estimator in the Geometric Algebra of Euclidean 3-Space for Source Localization Using an EM Vector-sensor

In this paper, the source localization by utilizing the measurements of a single electromagnetic (EM) vector-sensor is investigated in the framework of the geometric algebra of Euclidean 3-space. In order to describe the orthogonality among the electric and magnetic measurements, two multivectors of the geometric algebra of Euclidean 3-space (G3) are used to model the outputs of a spatially collocated EM vector-sensor. Two estimators for the wave propagation vector estimation are then formulated by the inner product between a vector and a bivector in the G3. Since the information used by the two estimators is different, a weighted inner product estimator is then proposed to fuse the two estimators together in the sense of the minimum mean square error (MMSE). Analytical results show that the statistical performances of the weighted inner product estimator are always better than its traditional cross product counterpart. The efficacy of the weighted inner product estimator and the correctness of the analytical predictions are demonstrated by simulation results.     

Design and Performance of an Improved Trapped Vortex Combustor

 A trapped vortex combustor (TVC) has been a very promising novel concept for it offers improvements in lean blow out, altitude relight, operating range, as well as a potential to decrease NO_x emissions compared to conventional combustors. The present paper discusses the improved designs of the new combustor over the prior ones of our research group, including that: a) the overall dimensions, both axial and radial, are reduced to those of an actual aero-engine combustor; b) the air flow distribution is optimized, and especially 15% of the air is fed into the liner as cooling air; c) a straight-wall diffuser with divergence angle 9癷s added. A series of experiments (cavity-fueled only, under atmospheric pressure) has been conducted to investigate the performance of the improved TVC. Experimental results show that at the inlet temperature of 523 K, the inlet pressure of 0.1 MPa, stable operation of the TVC test rig is observed for the Mach number 0.15-0.34, indicating good flame stability; the combustion efficiency obtained in this paper falls into the range of 60%-96%; as the total excess air ratio increases, the combustion efficiency decreases, while the increase of the inlet temperature is beneficial to high combustion efficiency; besides, the optimal Mach numbers for high combustion efficiency under different inlet conditions are confirmed. The outlet temperature profiles feature a bottom in the mid-height of the exit. This paper demonstrates the feasibility for the TVC to be applied to a realistic aero-engine preliminarily and provides reference for TVC design.     

基于涡格法的近程无人机气动优化与风洞实验验证

针对低雷诺数的近程无人机,利用涡格法（VLM）对无人机气动特性进行了加装翼尖小翼优化设计,并通过风洞实验进行了验证。首先给出了翼尖小翼的几何参数并分析其对全机气动特性的影响,其次利用涡格法对小翼进行气动建模和优选,针对无人机巡航状态给出了小翼优化结果,最后利用风洞实验对优化前后的无人机进行了吹风实验对比验证,实验结果表明,涡格法和风洞实验结果在线性段相符,涡格法能够较准确地描述和预测翼尖小翼特性,加装翼尖小翼后的无人机巡航状态升阻比提高12％,全机滚转阻尼加大,偏航阻尼变化很小。     

带执行机构的航空发动机喷口控制器设计方法

依据发动机非线性模型求取喷口的动态模型时,存在未建模动态对线性动态模型的建模误差,由此设计的喷口控制器较难达到设计要求,尤其在大范围飞行包线内喷口控制的动态性能将会变坏;同时由于传感器噪声问题、喷口执行机构的位置饱和限制、速率饱和限制的问题,以及PI控制中的积分饱和问题的存在,这些饱和限制等干扰将会影响PI控制器的设计性能。针对上述问题提出了一种带执行机构的喷口控制器的设计方法和抑制饱和限制干扰的喷口控制逻辑设计方法。首先获取了带执行机构的线性动态增广模型,然后针对该增广模型利用迭代线性不等式方法计算了喷口的鲁棒PI控制器,并对控制器输出进行抗饱和修正,从而提高了喷口控制器的鲁棒性。引入所述方法在发动机半物理仿真中进行了验证,在全飞行包线内获得了满意的喷口控制鲁棒性能。     

一种用于反舰导弹串联战斗部的环形切割器优化设计

为了优化设计用于反舰导弹串联战斗部前端的环形切割器,利用ANSYS／LS—DYNA有限元分析软件对相等装药条件下,不同药型罩开口角度、不同装药形状的环形切割器对靶板的切割效果进行仿真分析。仿真结论表明,60°锥角、组合体装药形状的环形切割器对靶板的切割效果更为理想。通过与相关试验数据的对比,初步验证了数值仿真的准确性。该结论有助于新型环形切割器的优化设计。     

数字样机区域检查流程及其在直升机研制中的应用

为提升直升机产品的市场竞争力,提高数字样机协同设计的效率与质量,提出了数字样机的区域化协调思想以及区域划分原则,建立了规范的数字样机区域检查流程。应用于某民用直升机协同设计,缩短了区域内数字模型加载时间,提高了区域级数字样机干涉检查与维护性分析的效率,验证了区域划分方法及检查流程的有效性。