A 2-D comparison of ionospheric convection derived from SuperDARN and DMSP measurements

Ion drift vectors measured by the DMSP satellites are compared with plasma convection vectors obtained by the SuperDARN HF radars through the standard Map Potential algorithm of Ruohoniemi and Baker [Ruohoniemi, M., Baker, K.B. Large-scale imaging of high-latitude convection with super dual auroral radar network HF radar observations. J. Geophys. Res. 103, 20797–20811, 1998]. Despite significant data spread, the agreement can be qualified as reasonable for a data set comprising of 149 satellite passes over the Northern Hemisphere at high latitudes. The slope of the best-fit line relating SuperDARN and DMSP velocity magnitudes is of the order of 0.3 with a tendency for the SuperDARN velocities to be smaller. The agreement between the azimuths of the ion drift and convection is better with the slope of the best-fit line being close to 1. It is shown that consistency between the radar and satellite measurements is much better if the SuperDARN line-of-sight velocities are compared with the DMSP cross-track ion drifts for events showing slow spatial and temporal variations of the convection. If areas of strong convection changes are included into comparison, the degree of agreement deteriorates drastically. This result implies that differences in the spatial and temporal resolutions of DMSP and SuperDARN measurements are crucial factors contributing to the observed discrepancies. In addition, some differences are introduced when the SuperDARN line-of-sight velocities are filtered and reprocessed into vectors with the application of a background convection model.     

Effect of boundary conditions on downstream vorticity from counter-rotating swirlers

Particle image velocimetry(PIV) is utilized to measure the non-reacting flow field in a reflow combustor with multiple and single swirlers. The velocity field, vortex structure and total vorticity levels are experimentally obtained using two different boundary conditions, representing a single confined swirler and multiple swirlers in an annular combustor. The influence of the boundary conditions on the flow field at several locations downstream of the swirlers is experimentally investigated, showing that the central vortex in the multi-swirler case is more concentrated than in the single-swirler case. The vorticity of the central vortex and average cross-sectional vorticity are relatively low at the swirler outlet in both cases. Both of these statistics gradually increase to the maximum values near 20 mm downstream of the swirler outlet, and subsequently decrease. It is also found that the central vortex in the multi-swirler case is consistently greater than the single-swirler case. These results demonstrate the critical influence of boundary conditions on flow characteristic of swirling flow, providing insight into the difference of the experiments on testbed combustor and the full-scale annular combustors.     

BTT导弹神经网络直接逆控制算法的FPGA实现研究

针对BTT导弹控制系统中导弹模型的非线性和强耦合的特点,应用逆7系统和神经网络相结合的方法建立了导弹的逆模型.并以俯仰通道为例,设计了逆控制算法的BP神经网络结构,采用Verilog HDL编写了BP神经网络各个功能模块,并将其在FPGA上实现.通过神经网络逆控制算法在FPGA硬件实现和通用计算机上软件实现的对比,表明...     

高速直升机旋翼/螺旋桨/机身干扰特性分析

研究双拉力螺旋桨复合式高速直升机的气动特性可以为高速直升机的设计及气动优化提供参考。基 于动量源方法构建针对双拉力螺旋桨复合式高速直升机旋翼/螺旋桨/机身干扰特性数值计算及分析方法;对 孤立旋翼、旋翼/机身干扰进行算例验证;应用所构建的方法对双拉力螺旋桨高速复合式直升机悬停及前飞状 态的干扰流场进行数值模拟,分析机身对悬停流场影响及不同前飞速度旋翼/螺旋桨/机身干扰特性。结果表 明:悬停时机身对气流的阻塞作用降低了旋翼的升力,螺旋桨对旋翼下洗气流的加速作用使旋翼升力提高;低 速前飞时旋翼/螺旋桨/机身干扰较大,主要体现在旋翼下洗流造成螺旋桨滑流偏折以及机翼上表面压力分布 增大,高速前飞时这种干扰较小。     

Trajectory tracking control for underactuated stratospheric airship

Stratospheric airship is a new kind of aerospace system which has attracted worldwide developing interests for its broad application prospects. Based on the trajectory linearization control (TLC) theory, a novel trajectory tracking control method for an underactuated stratospheric airship is presented in this paper. Firstly, the TLC theory is described sketchily, and the dynamic model of the stratospheric airship is introduced with kinematics and dynamics equations. Then, the trajectory tracking control strategy is deduced in detail. The designed control system possesses a cascaded structure which consists of desired attitude calculation, position control loop and attitude control loop. Two sub-loops are designed for the position and attitude control loops, respectively, including the kinematics control loop and dynamics control loop. Stability analysis shows that the controlled closed-loop system is exponentially stable. Finally, simulation results for the stratospheric airship to track typical trajectories are illustrated to verify effectiveness of the proposed approach.     

用于深层充电评估的卫星介质电导率测量技术研究

准确测量得到卫星介质材料的电导率对于卫星深层充电危害评估具有重要意义。在电荷贮存衰减法的基础上,文章提出了一种获得介质材料暗电导率和辐射诱导电导率的试验测量和数值计算方法,即采用90Sr-90Y β放射源,在温度为20 ℃、束流密度为5 pA/cm2的条件下对卫星常用的聚酰亚胺材料进行辐照试验,通过测得的材料表面电位随时间的变化曲线,拟合得到材料的暗电导率和辐射诱导电导率。该方法已在某卫星产品的充电评估中得到应用,计算结果与模拟试验结果符合较好。     

Ti_2AlNb基合金电子束焊接头的显微组织

利用透射电子显微镜和能谱,研究电子束焊接过程中Ti_2AlNb基合金显微组织演变过程以及焊缝区组成、焊后热处理对接头显微组织的影响.结果表明:焊接过程中焊缝区Al元素损失较为严重,这有利于B_2相的形成而不利于O相的形成,使得接头焊缝区主要由B_2和α_2两相组成;在随后的热处理过程中,焊缝区的B_2相转变为β相和板条状的O相,使焊缝区由α_2、O和β相组成.     

载人深空探测磁场主动辐射防护技术研究

基于单粒子轨道理论和蒙特卡洛方法建立了一种磁场主动屏蔽防护分析方法,针对理想磁场构型分析了屏蔽磁场强度、厚度和结构对屏蔽效果的影响。研究结果表明：屏蔽效率随磁刚度BL增大且当磁刚度BL一定时,增加磁场强度B比增加磁场厚度L更有效;对于有限长屏蔽磁场构型,端盖区需加强防护;桶状区与端盖区采用直线型屏蔽磁场的构型防护效果最好,能够对典型银河宇宙线能谱屏蔽90%的高能粒子。     

空间高能粒子与器件布线层核反应后次级粒子LET分布研究

空间高能质子和重离子是导致元器件发生单粒子效应的根本原因,为准确评估元器件在轨遭遇的单粒子效应风险,必须清楚高能质子、重离子与器件材料发生核反应的物理过程及生成的次级重离子LET（Line EnergyTransfer）分布规律。针对典型CMOS工艺器件模拟计算了不同能量质子和氦核粒子在器件灵敏单元内产生的反冲核、平均能量及线性能量转移值,并分析了半导体器件金属布线层中重金属对次级重离子LET分布的影响规律。计算结果表明：高能粒子与器件相互作用后产生大量次级重离子,且高能质子作用后产生的次级粒子的LET值主要分布为0～25MeV·cm²/mg;高能氦核粒子作用后产生的次级粒子的LET值主要分布为0～35 MeV·cm²/mg;有重金属钨（W）存在时能提高次级粒子的LET值,增加了半导体器件发生单粒子效应的概率,该研究结果可为元器件单粒子效应风险分析、航天器抗单粒子效应指标确定提供重要依据。     

基于转子轴向通风孔尺寸及拓扑结构的电机性能研究

针对传统路法在定量分析转子轴向通风孔尺寸对电机性能影响时表现出的狭隘性,以1台400 kW、6 000 V高压异步电动机为例,建立了场-路耦合的二维瞬态电磁场时步有限元模型,分别对不同的转子轴向通风孔尺寸拓扑结构下电机内的电磁场进行了计算,分析了转子轴向通风孔尺寸及拓扑结构对电机内气隙磁密、损耗、径向电磁力等电磁特征量影响的演变规律。以此为基础,探讨了转子轴向通风孔尺寸及拓扑结构对电机起动、运行性能的影响。最后,通过对比电机有限元计算结果与试验结果,验证了计算方法的准确性,为转子轴向通风孔尺寸及拓扑结构的设计和优化提供了理论依据。