Impulse feature extraction method for machinery fault detection using fusion sparse coding and online dictionary learning

Impulse components in vibration signals are important fault features of complex machines. Sparse coding(SC) algorithm has been introduced as an impulse feature extraction method, but it could not guarantee a satisfactory performance in processing vibration signals with heavy background noises. In this paper, a method based on fusion sparse coding(FSC) and online dictionary learning is proposed to extract impulses efficiently. Firstly, fusion scheme of different sparse coding algorithms is presented to ensure higher reconstruction accuracy. Then, an improved online dictionary learning method using FSC scheme is established to obtain redundant dictionary and it can capture specific features of training samples and reconstruct the sparse approximation of vibration signals. Simulation shows that this method has a good performance in solving sparse coefficients and training redundant dictionary compared with other methods. Lastly, the proposed method is further applied to processing aircraft engine rotor vibration signals. Compared with other feature extraction approaches, our method can extract impulse features accurately and efficiently from heavy noisy vibration signal, which has significant supports for machinery fault detection and diagnosis.     

A study of instability in a miniature flying-wing aircraft in high-speed taxi

This study investigates an instability that was observed during high-speed taxi tests of an experimental flying-wing aircraft.In order to resolve the reason of instability and probable solution of it,the instability was reproduced in simulations.An analysis revealed the unique stability characteristics of this aircraft.This aircraft has a rigid connection between the nose wheel steering mechanism and an electric servo,which is different from aircraft with a conventional tricycle landing gear system.The analysis based on simulation results suggests that there are two reasons for the instability.The first reason is a reversal of the lateral velocity of the nose wheel.The second reason is that the moment about the center of gravity created by the lateral friction force from the nose wheel is larger than that from the lateral friction force from the main wheels.These problems were corrected by changing the ground pitch angle.Simulations show that reducing the ground pitch angle can eliminate the instability in high-speed taxi.     

Calculation of high-temperature insulation parameters and heat transfer behaviors of multilayer insulation by inverse problems method

In the present paper, a numerical model combining radiation and conduction for porous materials is developed based on the finite volume method. The model can be used to investigate high-temperature thermal insulations which are widely used in metallic thermal protection systems on reusable launch vehicles and high-temperature fuel cells. The effective thermal conductivities（ECTs） which are measured experimentally can hardly be used separately to analyze the heat transfer behaviors of conduction and radiation for high-temperature insulation. By fitting the effective thermal conductivities with experimental data, the equivalent radiation transmittance, absorptivity and reflectivity, as well as a linear function to describe the relationship between temperature and conductivity can be estimated by an inverse problems method. The deviation between the calculated and measured effective thermal conductivities is less than 4%. Using the material parameters so obtained for conduction and radiation, the heat transfer process in multilayer thermal insulation（MTI） is calculated and the deviation between the calculated and the measured transient temperatures at a certain depth in the multilayer thermal insulation is less than 6.5%.     

Human factors quantification via boundary identification of flight performance margin

A systematic methodology including a computational pilot model and a pattern recognition method is presented to identify the boundary of the flight performance margin for quantifying the human factors. The pilot model is proposed to correlate a set of quantitative human factors which represent the attributes and characteristics of a group of pilots. Three information processing components which are influenced by human factors are modeled： information perception, decision making, and action execution. By treating the human factors as stochastic variables that follow appropriate probability density functions, the effects of human factors on flight performance can be investigated through Monte Carlo（MC） simulation. Kernel density estimation algorithm is selected to find and rank the influential human factors. Subsequently, human factors are quantified through identifying the boundary of the flight performance margin by the k-nearest neighbor（k-NN） classifier. Simulation-based analysis shows that flight performance can be dramatically improved with the quantitative human factors.     

卫星在空间碎片撞击下的易损性分析方法研究

针对厘米/毫米级空间碎片对卫星的撞击风险评估,在对卫星部件的失效模式及影响分析（FMEA）的基础上,结合射线跟踪法和失效树分析法建立一种卫星目标的易损性分析方法,计算卫星在空间碎片撞击下导致不同损伤等级的系统失效概率PK/H。详细介绍了该易损性分析方法的总体思路和各项关键技术,并给出了应用实例。该方法可推广应用于载人航天器上,对于航天器的撞击风险评估和防护结构优化设计有重要意义。     

旋转叶片干摩擦阻尼结构模型及分析方法研究综述

旋转叶片是航空发动机的关键部件,其振动特性及振动抑制技术对发动机的性能和结构完整性、工作可靠性产生重要的影响,在各类叶片振动抑制方法中,干摩擦阻尼结构应用最为广泛。首先,详细地阐述了旋转叶片干摩擦阻尼器动力学建模及其发展现状;然后,介绍了旋转叶片干摩擦阻尼结构减振特性分析方法及其发展现状,最后,提出了基于不同结构形式的叶片-地(B-G)型和叶片-叶片(B-B)型、基于接触面相互作用的干摩擦阻尼数学模型、基于接触点描述的干摩擦阻尼接触模型以及根据相对运动关系形成的干摩擦接触运动模型,以期为旋转叶片减振结构的建模设计、提高可靠性和效率、减振延寿等方面提供理论和技术支持。     

复合绝热管气囊成型工艺设计和实验

对两端收口复合绝热管进行了工艺方案分析,确定气囊成型工艺为优选工艺方案,在此基础上阐述了气囊成型工艺设计的原则,依据这个原则开展了典型样件的研制.结果表明：方案选择合理,工艺设计完整、可靠,产品满足各项指标要求.     

MIMO radar: snake oil or good idea?

MIMO communication is theoretically superior to conventional communication under certain conditions, and MIMO communication also appears to be practical and cost-effective in the real world for some applications. It is natural to suppose that the same is true for MIMO radar, but the situation is not so clear. Researchers claim many advantages of MIMO radar relative to phased array radars (e.g., better detection performance, better angular resolution, better angular measurement accuracy, improved robustness against RFI, ECM, multipath, etc.). We will evaluate such assertions from a system engineering viewpoint. In particular, there are serious trade-offs of MIMO vs. phased array radars relative to cost, system complexity, and risk considering numerous real world effects that are not included in most theoretical analyses. Moreover, in many cases one can achieve essentially the same radar system improvement with phased array radars using simpler, less expensive, and less risky algorithms. We evaluate roughly a dozen asserted advantages of MIMO radar relative to phased arrays.     

螺钉/铆钉目标电磁散射特性的试验研究

通过系列化雷达散射截面（RCS）测试,研究了单列、多列螺钉/铆钉板在单站多方位、双站的散射特性,分析了不同极化方式、不同排列、不同方位角以及不同双站角对螺钉/铆钉散射的影响及关系。试验结果表明,圆头钉板水平极化明显强于垂直极化;沉头钉板水平极化仅略强于垂直极化。列距不同,由于相位叠加的不同,会导致叠加波峰的位置发生偏移,在设计时可平行间距布置,将散射方向集中。对双站散射,较小双站角时曲线与单站时有一定相似性,但波峰幅度和位置均发生较大变化;较大双站角时,电磁散射表现出耦合效应;双站角使测试曲线偏转,幅度为双站角的1/2;RCS均值随双站角增大而减小。     

沿海环境下服役飞机铝合金零件的表面涂层破坏与腐蚀

 为了探讨在斐济沿海机场某型国产飞机铝合金零件出现的腐蚀问题,研究了热带海洋环境条件下油漆涂层的老化失效对铝合金零件腐蚀的影响,采用宏观、微观腐蚀形貌,腐蚀产物成分分析等方法,对比研究了实验室中性盐雾和紫外光老化条件下油漆涂层的老化失效特点。结果表明在海洋环境和实验室环境条件下,飞机铝合金零件都是先出现表面涂层的老化失效,而后表面氧化膜层和基体出现点腐蚀,直至发生晶间腐蚀到剥蚀破坏。分析认为铝合金零件表面油漆涂层的老化失效起源于热带海洋大气环境中温度、湿度、Cl^-、光照等共同作用导致的微孔隙、微裂纹等缺陷。