空中最小操纵速度的人机闭环数学仿真计算

空中最小操纵速度V_MC的确定是民机适航符合性验证的一项重要内容,其取值大小是飞机方向舵与发动机布局设计的重要依据之一.基于对飞机空中最小操纵速度的适航符合性验证试飞过程的物理认识,提出了初步确定V_MC的数学仿真计算新方法.根据V_MC验证试飞过程中驾驶员的操纵行为特点,建立了驾驶员的数学模型,进而构建了相应试飞任务的人机闭环飞行数学仿真模型.通过对飞机的V_MC验证试飞过程进行准确的数学仿真模拟,可得到不同验证条件下的空中最小操纵速度.该方法对于指导飞机的方案设计与适航符合性验证试飞等都具有一定的理论指导意义与实际的工程应用价值.     

本生灯层流预混火焰稳定点与熄火机理

采用速度匹配法结合壁面淬熄分析甲烷本生灯层流预混火焰稳定点与熄火机理,得到了贫油与富油状态下火焰稳定点不同的移动规律,定量预测了火焰吹熄特性关系,并通过实验验证.火焰稳定点在本生灯出口附近的边界层中,该处的火焰传播速度与预混气来流速度相平衡;而在边界层中,以火焰稳定点为起点,存在一个可点火区域.随着来流预混气流速的增大或者当量比远离恰当比,这一可点火区域逐渐缩小,直至成为一个点,此时即为熄火的临界状态.通过比较近壁面的当地气流速度与火焰传播速度,并采用非耦合的方法分析壁面淬熄的影响,得到了火焰稳定点的移动规律.在径向上,火焰稳定点随来流速度增大向射流中心线方向移动;在轴向上,随流速增大,贫油工况下稳定点向下游移动,富油工况时则向上游移动.根据火焰稳定点移动规律结合可点火区域分析定量预测了吹熄特性,通过了实验验证,证明了火焰的熄火机理.     

Research on multi-fidelity aerodynamic optimization methods

 Constructing high approximation accuracy surrogate model with lower computational cost has great engineering significance. In this paper, using co-Kriging method, an efficient multifidelity surrogate model is constructed based on two independent high and low fidelity samples. Co-Kriging method can use a greater quantity of low-fidelity information to enhance the accuracy of a surrogate of the high-fidelity model by modeling the correlation between high and low fidelity model, thus computational cost of building surrogate model can be greatly reduced. A wing-body problem is taken as an example to compare characteristics of co-Kriging multi-fidelity (CKMF) model with traditional Kriging based multi-fidelity (KMF) model. A sampling convergence of the CKMF model and the KMF model is conducted, and an appropriate sampling design is selected through the sampling convergence analysis. The results indicate that CKMF model has higher approximation accuracy with the same high-fidelity samples, and converges at less high-fidelity samples. A wing-body drag reduction optimization design using genetic algorithm is implemented. Satisfying design results are obtained, which validate the feasibility of CKMF model in engineering design.     

某教练机平尾的初步设计方法研究

介绍了平尾设计准则,较全面地综合了飞机的操纵性与稳定性、机动要求、推力影响、抬前轮过程、着陆过程以及纵向飞行品质等对平尾设计有重要影响的一些要求,在飞机重心范围内确定满足这些要求所需的平尾面积,最后给出了算例,验证了本文的设计方法.     

A new design of low-power portable digital ionosonde

The Ionospheric Laboratory of Wuhan University is interested in upgrading its instrumentation replacing the WIOBSS (Wuhan Ionospheric Oblique Backscattering Sounding System) with a more flexible and automatic ionosonde. Then the updated ionosonde WMI (Wuhan Multifunctional Ionosonde) with automatic ionogram scaling has been developed to satisfy future research. The new system not only inherited some classic techniques from WIOBSS, such as the pulse compression and the coherent integration techniques, but also made great improvements in hardware design and software updating. This paper mainly introduces evolutions of this new ionosonde in both digital transceiver and digital signal processing domain, and also presents some observations.     

Analysis and improvement of ionospheric thin shell model used in SBAS for China region

The most frequently used mapping function for converting slant total electron content (STEC) to vertical total electron content (VTEC) uses a simplified ionospheric single layer model in satellite based augmentation system (SBAS). Aiming at ionospheric single layer model altitude variation, we analyzed the statistical characteristic of mapping function in systemic approach particular for the region of China, and then experimental mapping function was proposed. The experimental mapping function is used in SBAS ionospheric correction and the precision of vertical correction is compared with standard mapping function. The results show that conversion factor errors depend on latitude, time and elevation, experimental mapping function is helpful to the vertical TEC estimation and may improve the precision of SBAS ionospheric refraction correction especially for the low latitude region of China.     

用反圆环面刀加工变曲率过渡曲面原理

基于宽行加工理论和广域曲率吻合原则,提出一种利用圆环面内侧作为刀具工作面的反圆环面刀具宽行加工叶片进排气边的新方法.该方法通过优化刀具摆角使具有定母圆半径刀具工作面的包络面充分逼近叶片进排气边曲面,从而使刀具能在给定的精度范围内以最大行宽和最少刀轨行数加工出进排气边.最后,以某型号发动机叶片的进气边为例进行了加工实验.结果表明该方法能够大幅提高进排气边的加工质量,且反圆环面刀的加工行宽比球头刀提高了5倍.     

基于ADRC的航空发动机限制保护器设计

发动机限制保护器在航空发动机运行过程中对特定的被限制量进行实时监控,在其超出安全范围时实施限制,实现对航空发动机的保护.将自抗扰技术用于限制保护控制器设计,利用自抗扰控制器的扩张观测器,动态估计未知扰动和系统特性,对实际控制量进行反馈补偿,实现超限后的快速保护,提高了发动机的安全性.仿真结果表明:所设计的自抗扰限制保护控制器能将超限偏差有效转化为对主回路指令的修正,综合控制系统响应速度快,达到了限制保护的目的.     

黄争鸣 复合材料力学专家

您在复合材料力学、计算结构力学、流与结构的相互作用、纳米纤维材料与风力发电机叶片中的力学问题等领域进行了深入的研究,请您具体谈谈近年来的主要研究成果。黄争鸣:近年来,我们主要在两个方面展开研究并取得了可喜进展。第一个方面的工作为复合材料的破坏分析与强度预报。这是一个世界性难题,国际上众多学者为解决或部分解决这一问题进行了不懈努力,但     

Vertical TEC variations and model during low solar activity at a low latitude station,Xiamen

GPS-derived vertical TEC recorded at Xiamen (24.5°N, 118.1°E, geomagnetic latitude 13.2°N), China, during year 2006 is analyzed for the first time and compared to that predicted by ionosphere model SPIM recommend by ISO. A manifest seasonal anomaly is found with the high value during equinoctial season and low value during summer and winter season. Relative standard deviation for VTEC shows high value at around midnight and before sunrise. The correlation analysis exhibits that the variation of VTEC has a very weak relation with geomagnetic and solar activities (Dst, AP, SSN and F10.7). Comparative results reveal that the SPIM overestimates the observed VTEC at most of the time.