Primary Solidification Phase and Lamellar Orientation in Directionally Solidified Ti-45Al-7Nb Alloy

Primary solidification phase and lamellar orientation are investigated in Ti-45Al-7Nb alloy at very high ratio of temperature gradient to growth rate (G/v) by a liquid-metal-cooled directionally solidified method. It shows that Ti-45Al-7Nb alloy solidifies with primary α phase. Longitudinal (parallel to growth direction) microstructure shows that α dendrites in solid-liquid mushy zone are discontinuous and transverse microstructure of α dendrites is worm-like feature. Growth direction of α phase is about 80° away from〈0001〉α direction, and close to〈1120〉α direction. The corresponding lamellar orientation is aligned at the angle of about 10° to growth direction, which is consistent with α-dendrite growth direction according to Blackburn orientation relationship. Therefore, due to the altered growth direction of α phase, the lamellar orientation in Ti-45Al-7Nb alloy is controlled at the G/v ratio of 5×109 K·sm-2.     

ZrB2 -SiC 的制备方法和性能研究

由于在极端环境中的优异物理化学性能,ZrB2基超高温陶瓷材料成为未来空天领域最具前途的候选材料之一,尤其是ZrB2-SiC材料近几年更成为研究热点。本文对ZrB2-SiC材料的制备、烧结致密化和力学性能等研究做了综合评述,重点对制备方法与使用性能间的关系进行了相关介绍。     

氧化锆气凝胶的制备方法研究进展

ZrO2气凝胶以其独特性质受到人们的广泛关注,对ZrO2气凝胶的结构、性质和制备方法进行了综述,制备方法包括有机锆盐原料法(锆醇盐水解法)和无机盐原料法(滴加环氧丙烷法、无机分散溶胶-凝胶法等)。其中,滴加环氧丙烷法是制备高性能ZrO2气凝胶非常有发展潜力的方法之一。     

基于云计算的广域差分增强系统研究

研究利用云计算技术提升现有导航定位系统功能,给出云计算技术支持下的导航定位云系统的基本原理和网络拓扑,将云计算引入广域差分增强系统进行导航定位信息的实时播发研究,提出一种基于节点异构性的分层混合组播云结构的广域差分增强系统,并对其进行性能分析。结果表明,该云系统网络配置简单,可扩展性强,实时性较好,可以很好地满足导航增强信息在互联网上大规模实时播发的应用需求。     

Design and performances of laser retro-reflector arrays for Beidou navigation satellites and SLR observations

Beidou is the regional satellite navigation system in China, consisting of three kinds of orbiting satellites, MEO, GEO and IGSO, with the orbital altitudes of 21500–36000 km. For improving the accuracy of satellites orbit determination, calibrating microwave measuring techniques and providing better navigation service, all Beidou satellites are equipped with laser retro-reflector arrays (LRAs) to implement high precision laser ranging. The paper presents the design of LRAs for Beidou navigation satellites and the method of inclined installation of LRAs for GEO satellites to increase the effective reflective areas for the regional ground stations. By using the SLR system, the observations for Beidou satellites demonstrated a precision of centimeters. The performances of these LRAs on Beidou satellites are very excellent.     

多导弹协同攻击编队非线性最优控制器设计

针对多导弹协同攻击编队控制问题,采用仿射非线性系统最优控制理论设计了基于领弹-从弹法的多导弹编队控制器.首先采用基于微分几何理论的非线性系统精确线性化方法,将导弹非线性运动模型线性化;然后根据从弹、领弹间的相对运动关系,给出了包含领弹运动信息和队形信息的从弹期望轨迹,建立了基于从弹跟踪误差向量的系统状态方程;最后采用基于稳态解的黎卡提矩阵微分方程求解方法解决最优控制问题,设计了从弹的三维非线性编队控制器;仿真结果表明所设计的控制器能够在领弹机动地情况下快速、稳定地实现编队队形的形成和保持.      

Response and adaptation of bone cells to simulated microgravity

Bone loss induced by microgravity during space flight is one of the most deleterious factors on astronaut’s health and is mainly attributed to an unbalance in the process of bone remodeling. Studies from the space microgravity have demonstrated that the disruption of bone remodeling is associated with the changes of four main functional bone cells, including osteoblast, osteoclast, osteocyte, and mesenchymal stem cells. For the limited availability, expensive costs and confined experiment conditions for conducting space microgravity studies, the mechanism of bone cells response and adaptation to microgravity is still unclear. Therefore, some ground-based simulated microgravity methods have been developed to investigate the bioeffects of microgravity and the mechanisms. Here, based on our studies and others, we review how bone cells (osteoblasts, osteoclasts, osteocytes and mesenchymal stem cells) respond and adapt to simulated microgravity.     

针对GPS接收机性能的压制干扰区域分析

针对采用扩频增益作为GPS接收机抗干扰容限的非普适性和不确定性,通过建立压制干扰造成GPS接收机不同性能指标下降与分析对象之间的对应关系,将干扰威力区域用受扰区、半失效区和失效区来进行划分。结合GPS接收机工作原理,从理论上推导和分析了在连续波（CW）和宽带高斯噪声干扰下不同相关积分时间的接收机捕获、跟踪和解调等环节的性能下降到临界值时所需干信比。考虑干扰源高度与接收机天线增益的关系,对各威力区的有效干扰距离随干扰源发射功率变化情况进行仿真计算。仿真结果表明,随着干扰功率的提高,干扰源高度对有效干扰距离的影响在逐渐减小。在相同干扰功率下,CW干扰性能要优于宽带高斯噪声干扰。尽管增加接收机相关积分时间会使半失效区和失效区的范围减小,但却会引起受扰区范围显著增大。     

航天器大型舱段柔性对接技术研究

针对航天器大型舱段的自动柔性对接需求,基于并联调姿平台(6SPS)的舱段柔性对接技术开展研究。采用6SPS作为舱段位姿调整装置,在其6个支链上设置力传感器,测量每个支链所受的轴向力。在柔性对接控制中,根据负载质量特性及调姿平台姿态实时解算每个支链上由负载重力引起的轴向力,作为理论力;将实际测得的支链力与该理论力比较,进行力随动控制并调整支链长度,实现力反馈下的柔性对接控制。试验证明了力随动控制能实现根据支链力变化实时调整调姿平台位姿,满足舱段柔性对接的需求。     

微创外科机器人手腕灵活性的研究

为了能够按照手术最佳姿态完成机器人路径规划,从几何角度对微创外科机器人手腕灵活性进行研究.根据微创外科机器人末端工具的结构和安装特点,运用末端工具姿态球解析法分析手腕灵活性.研究工具的预置位姿对手腕灵活性的影响,证明工具轴线与末关节轴线垂直时,二自由度手腕可以获得满足微创手术要求的灵活性.研究关节轴向偏距对手腕灵活性的影响,证明当存在Z轴方向偏距的情况下,末端工具可以实现全方位的姿态.在此基础上,提出了二自由度手腕成为灵活手腕的必要条件.依据这一条件可以简化微创外科机器人手腕结构.