飞机总体设计用数据库的开发与应用

为提高设计的质量与效率,研究了数据库在飞机总体方案设计中的应用.建立了翼型、剖面及简化模型数据库,包括发动机、座椅、飞行员、雷达、座舱显控设备、武器、起落架及其他机电、航电设备数据库,并且提出了模型的参数化方法.在一个开放式飞机总体设计环境中集成了建立的数据库,实现了在几何模型构建、总体布置时的数据库调用.最后通过一个设计实例说明了方法的有效性.     

考虑转捩的跨声速气冷涡轮叶片气热耦合计算

为了研究转捩对气热耦合计算的影响,在B-L代数模型与SST(shear stress transport)k-ω二方程模型的基础上,增加了两类基于间歇因子的转捩模型:代数AGS(Abu-Gharmam Shaw)模型与一方程间歇因子输运方程.选取NASA-MARKⅡ跨声速叶片为算例,分别采用全湍流模型与加入转捩的模型进行气热耦合计算.数值计算结果与试验对比表明由于能够预测附面层中的转捩过程,采用转捩模型的耦合计算得到的结果与试验吻合最好,由于在叶片壁面附近的网格较粗,采用间歇因子输运方程的转捩模型计算的结果要逊于采用代数转捩模型的结果.      

基于压电传感网络的结构健康监测扫查系统的设计及实验研究(英文)

基于主动Lamb波和压电传感器网络的结构健康监测技术是一种评估航空结构健康状态的有效方法。在实际应用中,监测大型结构需要使用压电传感器网络。扫查这些压电传感器网络中的压电激励-传感通道以达到在线的结构健康监测是非常重要的。基于PXI(PCI eXtensions for Instrumentation)平台,研发了一套基于主动Lamb波和压电传感器网络的集成多通道扫查系统,该系统结构紧凑、便于携带,能大规模自动扫查激励-传感通道并进行损伤评估。提出和讨论了该系统中:4通道PXI程控增益电荷放大器的实现、支持276个激励-传感通道的外部扫查模块和集成的结构健康监测软件的实现。最后,主要讨论了系统在某型无人机碳纤维复合材料机翼盒段上的功能验证实验,包括:压电贴层的设计、激励信号频率的选择方法、损伤成像的功能性测试、系统稳定性测试和载荷对信号的影响。实验结果验证了该系统的稳定性和损伤监测功能。     

Phase Transformation in a β-Ti Alloy with Good Balance Between High Strength and High Fracture Toughness

This article studies the phase transformation of the metastable β-Ti-Al-Mo-V-Cr-Zr alloy (Ti-1300) to disclose the morphological reason for its high strength and high fracture toughness. It has been found that its ultrahigh strength (ultimate tensile strength exceeds 1 400 MPa) owes mainly to the spheroidization of the α-phase, while the high fracture toughness (exceeds 81 MPa·m^½) to the special lath-shaped α-particles. Compared to the needle-shaped second α-articles, the coarser lath-shaped ones remove the stress concentration at the lath tips and consequently benefit improvement of fracture toughness. The article also describes shape evolution of the α-particles during aging thermodynamically and kinetically, and suggests an optimized aging processing to achieve an ideal balance between high strength and high toughness for this alloy.     

Calculation of Wall Temperature for Aircraft Exhaust System with Considering Gas Radiation Heat Transfer

The coupled numerical simulation of flow field, solid temperature field, species concentration field and gas radiation transfer/ energy field based on statistical narrow-band correlated-k (SNBCK) model, is employed to accurately predict aerothermodynamic characteristic of aircraft exhaust system. A series of methods to increase computational efficiency and descend computational resources make it possible to finish the calculation in PC. The parameters of narrow-band model are evaluated by HITEMP line-by-line database. Three examples have proved the accuracy of using these methods to solve flow heat transfer coupled problem and radiation transfer/energy equation, which are the calculation of temperature distribution of water-cooling nozzle in rocket engine, the calculation of carbon dioxide absorptivity at 4.3 micron band, and the gas radiation heat transfer evaluation of the cylindrical furnace. Finally, the inner flaps temperature distribution of ejecting nozzle with floating outer flaps is computed, under high-altitude, high-speed and afterburning conditions. Two completely different air-inlet schemes of ejecting channel almost achieve the same effect in cooling inner flaps.     

基于变精度粗糙集的航空发动机故障诊断

针对航空发动机故障诊断的实际情况,在分析粗糙集理论缺陷的基础上,引入变精度粗糙集模型对专家给出的样本集进行处理,并将所得到的极小化决策算法用于历史故障样本集的分析,得到了高的识别率,从实践的角度证明了该方法的有效性以及小样本情况下所得决策算法的普适性.      

涡轮盘结构概率设计体系的研究

 基于涡轮盘结构确定性设计流程,将概率设计理念融入设计过程中,发展了涡轮盘结构的概率设计流程,初步建立了涡轮盘结构的概率设计体系。以涡轮盘结构的传统设计流程为基础,提出涡轮盘结构的概率设计准则,并建立了涡轮盘的概率设计流程。以某型航空发动机涡轮盘低循环疲劳失效为例,按照文中建立的概率设计流程,将形状优化设计结果作为初始结构方案完成了涡轮盘的低循环疲劳概率设计。通过与原设计结果对比表明,按照概率设计观点进行涡轮盘的结构设计能够兼顾结构静强度性能和结构强度可靠性,在满足可靠度的前提下降低涡轮盘的质量,有效地提高其设计质量,初步验证了涡轮盘概率设计流程的有效性和可行性。     

Vortex structures downstream a lobed nozzle/mixer

An experimental study was conducted to investigate the evolutions of unsteady vortex structures downstream a lobed mixer/nozzle.Anovel dual-plane stereoscopic PIVsystem was used to measure all 3-components of vorticity distributions to revealed both the large-scale streamwise vortices produced by the lobed mixer/nozzle and the Kelvin-Helmholtz vortex structures generated due to the Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities simultaneously and quantitatively for the first time.The instantaneous and the ensemble-averaged vorticity distributions displayed quite different aspects about the evolutions of the unsteady vortex structures.While the ensemble-averaged vorticity distributions indicated the overall effect of the special geometry of the lobed nozzle/mixer on the enhanced mixing process,the instantaneous vorticity distributions elucidated many details about how the enhanced mixing process was conducted.In addition to quantitatively confirming conjectures of previous studies,further insight about the formation,evolution and interaction characteristics of the unsteady vortex structures downstream of the lobed mixer/nozzle were also uncovered quantitatively in the present study.      

轴流压气机对周向总压畸变非定常响应的数值模拟

基于给定的进气周向总压畸变谱,应用非定常三维时间精确数值计算的方法,研究了NWPU-1轴流压气机转子对周向总压畸变的响应,初步揭示了其在进气周向总压畸变条件下的失速机理.结果表明,在84%设计转速,进气周向总压畸变使转子性能明显下降,其失速点流量增加了4.1%,效率下降了0.5%.进气周向总压畸变引起侧流,导致叶片负荷的变化,部分叶片的负荷过重,叶顶间隙泄漏涡几乎堵塞了整个通道,某些叶片的前缘出现溢流,最终导致压气机转子失速.      

水工质激光推进数值建模分析

在对水工质激光推进内流场特征分析的基础上,对描述内流场演化过程的数学模型进行探讨,研究了水滴蒸发模型、水滴变形和破碎模型在水工质激光推进内流场演化过程中的作用。研究结果表明,流场演化过程中,蒸发引起的水滴体积变化率不会超过0.0216%,因而蒸发模型对于计算结果影响不大,在计算过程中可以忽略;水滴在激波流场的作用下破碎成较小的水滴,形成二次雾化,破碎后的水滴体积最小只有原体积的1.5%,对于激光能量的沉积有较大影响,所以在计算中必须考虑水滴变形和破碎模型。