圆锥形薄壁壳体的弹性稳定性

基于Donnell型扁壳理论,利用法分析了在均布外压作用下圆锥形薄壁壳体的弹性稳定性问题。根据外压实验观察结果和通过选取适当的位移分量表达式,文中给出了临界外压的近似表达式。数值结果表明,本文理论分析预示值与临界载荷的实验值很吻合。文中还对有关参数对临界载荷的影响进行了讨论。本文所得结果可供工程应用参考。     

型号研制中参考HB7386卡箍标准制定企标的实践

在分析各尺寸要求的基础上,指出了HB7386《600℃高温高压管路连接快卸卡箍》不能满足型号研制需求的原因;介绍了参考该标准制定企业标准的方法。     

平面激波绕30°出峰后的绕射与反射

本文针对一平面激波S绕过坡角为30°的山峰后与地面作用所产生的波系图案等问题,通过激波管光测模型实验手段进行了分析和研究。实验是在入射激波马赫数Μ_i=1.18,1.32,1.74,2.00和2.29等五种条件下进行的。实验结果表明,在入射激波S和反射激波R之间出现了一接触面C,并与Skews关于平面激波绕凸角壁面时所得到的结果做了比较。与此同时,从我们所拍摄的纹影流场照片上可以看出,平面激波S绕过30°山峰后与地面作用所产生的反射波均属于马赫反射的范围。     

Neutral buoyancy and sleep-deprived serum factors alter expression of cytokines regulating osteogenesis

We examined expression of genes associated with cytokine production, and genes implicated in regulating bone metabolism, in bone stromal and osteoblast cells incubated under standard ground conditions and under conditions of neutral buoyancy, and in the presence/absence of serum from normal or sleep-deprived mice. We observed a clear interaction between these two conditions (exposure to neutral buoyancy and serum stimulation) in promoting enhanced osteoclastogenesis. Both conditions independently altered expression of a number of cytokines implicated in the regulation of bone metabolism. However, using stromal cells from IL-1 and TNFx cytokine(r) KO mice, we concluded that the increased bone loss under microgravity conditions was not primarily cytokine mediated.     

超声速燃烧实验研究(Ⅱ)

用电弧加热空气,对带有突扩台阶后扩张形,入口M_a=2.1和3.0的超声速燃烧室进行了实验研究,并对两种不同燃烧室长度、煤油和氢气在垂直和平行喷射下的燃烧状况作了比较。     

2 AU以内的“渐进型”太阳高能粒子事件模拟

太阳高能粒子（Solar Energetic Particle,SEP）事件是影响地球空间以及深空辐射环境的主要因素之一。“渐进型”太阳高能粒子事件中的高能粒子主要来自于日冕物质抛射（Coronal Mass Ejection,CME）所驱动的激波扩散加速（Diffusive Shock Acceleration,DSA）过程。CME驱动的激波在行星际的传播过程中,其结构不断演化,进而影响到高能粒子的加速过程。本文利用二维太阳高能粒子加速和传播模型,对发生于2014年4月18日的太阳高能粒子事件实例进行了数值模拟。模型考察了黄道面上2 AU的距离以内包含地球所在位置的4个不同点,分别计算了每个点上高能粒子的通量。数值模拟的结果表明：黄道面内不同位置的观察点,与激波波前的磁力线连接不同,从而导致观察点处高能粒子的通量有着显著的差异。该模型的计算结果可以为深空探测计划开展辐射环境研究提供必要的输入。     

Study of ionospheric D region changes during solar flares using MF radar measurements

During solar flares, the X-ray radiation suddenly increases, resulting in an increase in the electron density of the atmospheric D region and a strong absorption of short-wave radio waves. Based on Langfang medium frequency (MF) radar, this paper analyzed the variation characteristics of D region in the lower ionosphere from 62 km to 82 km. The analysis focused on multiple C-level and M-level solar flare events before and after the large-scale flare event at 11:53 (UT) on September 6, 2017. The results show that it is difficult to detect the electron density over 70 km in Langfang during solar flares, but the electron density value can be obtained as low as 62 km, and the stronger the flare intensity, the lower the detectable electron density height. Besides, the equal electron density height, the received power of X and O waves will also be significantly reduced during the flares, and the reduction of equal electron density height has a weak linear relationship with flare intensity.     

Analysis of the dynamic behavior of structures using the high-rate GNSS-PPP method combined with a wavelet-neural model: Numerical simulation and experimental tests

Recently, the high rate global navigation satellite system-precise point positioning (GNSS-PPP) technique has been used to detect the dynamic behavior of structures. This study aimed to increase the accuracy of the extraction oscillation properties of structural movements based on the high-rate (10?Hz) GNSS-PPP monitoring technique. A developmental model based on the combination of wavelet package transformation (WPT) de-noising and neural network prediction (NN) was proposed to improve the dynamic behavior of structures for GNSS-PPP method. A complicated numerical simulation involving highly noisy data and 13 experimental cases with different loads were utilized to confirm the efficiency of the proposed model design and the monitoring technique in detecting the dynamic behavior of structures. The results revealed that, when combined with the proposed model, GNSS-PPP method can be used to accurately detect the dynamic behavior of engineering structures as an alternative to relative GNSS method.     

重型燃气轮机高雷诺数CDA叶型转捩特性数值计算

为研究重型燃气轮机的压气机叶片在高雷诺数工况下的气动性能,基于Gamma-Theta转捩模型的雷诺时均方程对某可 控扩散叶型进行了数值计算。通过对比不控制马赫数与控制马赫数,分析高雷诺数对可控扩散叶型气动性能及转捩特性的影响。 结果表明：在不控制马赫数条件下,在零攻角时,雷诺数从7×10 5 增大为9×10 5 ,总压损失增加了约391.95%;在高雷诺数工况下随 着雷诺数的增大,叶片流动损失不断增大,叶片可用攻角范围减小,同时在叶片吸力面出现激波,干扰转捩的产生。在控制马赫数 条件下,当Ma=0.6时,在零攻角工况下,雷诺数从8.2×10 5 增大为1×10 7 ,总压损失减小了约38.98%,吸力面转捩起始点从4.78%弦 长处前移至1.11%弦长处;在高雷诺数工况下,叶片流动损失随着雷诺数的增大不断减小,吸力面转捩位置前移。     

带连续爆震加力燃烧室的涡轮发动机循环及推进性能研究

为进一步提升现有涡轮喷气发动机推进性能,可以采用连续爆震加力燃烧室,针对此,本文首先建立考虑了三种耦合热力过程的连续爆震燃烧室热力过程分析模型,通过与传统涡轮发动机性能分析模型相耦合,分析了带连续爆震加力燃烧的涡轮发动机推进性能及加力燃烧室部件特性。结果表明,由于连续爆震燃烧室具有自增压特性,当将其替代传统加力燃烧室可以显著提升加力时涡轮发动机性能;但另一方面,作为加力燃烧室,由于涡轮后气流温度过高,导致连续爆震加力燃烧室增压比的降低,通过对发动机循环参数的选择可以得到改善;同时,连续爆震加力燃烧室部件特性还受到燃烧室进气损失、反应物填充速度及反应物提前燃烧比例影响。