多输出量测量模型的不确定度评定方法

本论文基于GUM不确定度评定方法,提出了多输出量测量模型的测量不确定度评定方法,并对如何获得多输出量测量模型的包含范围进行了举例说明。     

基于ABAQUS的数控弯管专用前处理模块开发

为了提高数控弯管有限元建模的效率和尽可能避免建模错误,采用ABAQUS提供的用户图形工具包和Python脚本接口,通过二次开发得到了数控弯管专用前处理模块。采用该模块,用户只需输入模型的建模参数、材料属性、模具运动幅值曲线、摩擦系数、分析步时长、文件保存名等信息,便可高效地建立管材数控弯曲及回弹分析的有限元仿真模型,提交后台运算后可以为后处理的快捷高效运行提供简洁而详实的数据源。通过将上述研发的数控弯管前处理模块应用于钛合金管数控弯曲的建模分析,验证了其可靠性。采用此方法,可以实现通过有限元软件ABAQUS进行用户定制,降低ABAQUS的操作难度,同时,本文前处理二次开发思路同样适用于其它塑性成形过程。     

硅化物涂层电子束重熔表面改性技术

在Nb521铌合金表面采用料浆烧结法制备硅化物涂层,利用高频扫描电子束对硅化物涂层进行重熔处理,通过扫描电子显微镜对处理样品表面形貌进行组织结构分析。研究表明,经过电子束重熔处理,硅化物涂层表面陶瓷晶粒粒度降低,表面粗糙度降低,陶瓷颗粒之间烧结作用增强,重熔区域与未处理区域具有明显的边界,电子束能量分布较均匀,电子束重熔提高了硅化物涂层的抗氧化性能和抗热震性能。     

一种改进的UAV三维航迹实时规划算法

航迹规划对于战场环境中无人机完成其作战任务具有非常重要的意义.针对真实战场环境中低空无人机的三维航迹实时规划问题,构建了一个更加真实的战场威胁精简模型;提出遗传个体的基因优劣对比度,改进一种共享小生境遗传算法中编码基因的遗传特性.经过改进,增大优化基因的遗传概率,实现提高小生境遗传算法的全局优化能力和收敛速度,增强航迹规划的实时性.对三维数字地形空间进行定长网格编码,将改进的小生境遗传算法应用于三维虚拟战场环境中的无人机航迹规划,实验验证了改进算法的有效性,并能满足在线航迹规划的实时性要求.     

基于反馈线性化的可重复使用运载器上升段闭环制导

可重复使用运载器上升段轨迹跟踪是通过姿态跟踪间接实现的,采用开环制导方式,气动或者推力的不确定性可能会导致轨迹末端高度偏差较大,因此研究一种合适的闭环制导方式是非常必要的.本文采用基于输入输出反馈线性化的技术设计上升段标准轨道的跟踪方法,结合上升段飞行特点,动力爬升段和无动力爬升段分别通过反馈线性化技术将高度转化成与俯仰角和迎角的线性关系,然后通过线性系统技术设计闭环制导律,易于工程实现.非线性仿真结果表明,设计的制导策略能很好地实现轨迹跟踪.     

基于功势的燃气轮机燃气马力效率研究

基于燃气马力的物理内涵,推导出了燃气轮机各部件的燃气马力效率的表达式。根据各种效率具有“同时归一”的特性,从理论分析和数值计算上进行了验证。分析了各种参数对燃气马力效率的影响。结果表明：燃气马力效率不仅和部件效率有紧密的自然关系,还和其他热力参数(例如压比)有内在的逻辑关联。并从燃料燃烧的燃气马力效率的角度优化了压气机压比。     

Monocular Vision-based Two-stage Iterative Algorithm for Relative Position and Attitude Estimation of Docking Spacecraft

Visual sensors are used to measure the relative state of the chaser spacecraft to the target spacecraft during close range rendezvous phases. This article proposes a two-stage iterative algorithm based on an inverse projection ray approach to address the relative position and attitude estimation by using feature points and monocular vision. It consists of two stages: absolute orientation and depth recovery. In the first stage, Umeyama's algorithm is used to fit the three-dimensional (3D) model set and estimate the 3D point set while in the second stage, the depths of the observed feature points are estimated. This procedure is repeated until the result converges. Moreover, the effectiveness and convergence of the proposed algorithm are verified through theoretical analysis and mathematical simulation.     

CO_2激光烧蚀水所形成气蚀空穴机理研究

分析了激光烧蚀液体时形成表面空穴的机理。利用高速相机获得CO2激光烧蚀蒸馏水的流场照片,对空穴的发展过程进行了分析,发现空穴的快速发展期在最初的100μs内,之后在几百μs内保持平衡。用简单模型计算了不同能流密度下,空穴平衡时的形状,并分析了模型的局限性。研究结果对于揭示激光烧蚀水产生推力的机理有重要意义,有利于促进水工质激光推进的发展。     

载人飞船有效载荷搭载技术及试验验证

载人飞船飞行任务中搭载的有效载荷设备质量、体积大并且安装要求苛刻,而返回舱内空间狭小且舱内环境复杂。针对这个问题,文章提出了通过改装返回舱座椅作为有效载荷搭载安放的方案。经过试验验证表明,该方案对飞船的影响很小,并且满足有效载荷设备搭载要求。     

Fourier methods for turbomachinery applications

Rapid increase in computing power has made a huge difference in scales and complexities of the problems in turbomachinery that we can tackle by use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD). It is recognised, however, that there is always a need for developing efficient methods for applications to blade designs. In a design cycle, a large number of flow solutions are sought to interact iteratively or concurrently with various options, opportunities and constraints from other disciplines. This basic requirement for fast prediction methods in a multi-disciplinary design environment remains unchanged, regardless of computer speed. And it must be recognised that the multi-disciplinary nature of blading design increasingly influences outcomes of advanced gas turbine and aeroengine developments. Recently there has been considerable progress in the Fourier harmonic modelling method development for turbomachinery applications. The main driver is to develop efficient and accurate computational methodologies and working methods for prediction and analysis of unsteady effects on aerothermal performance (loading and efficiency) and aeroelasticity (blade vibration due to flutter and forced response) in turbomachinery. In this article, the developments and applications of this type of methods in the past 20 years or so are reviewed. The basic modelling assumptions and various forms of implementations for the temporal Fourier modelling approach are presented and discussed. Computational examples for realistic turbomachinery configurations/flow conditions are given to illustrate the validity and effectiveness of the approach. Although the major development has been in the temporal Fourier harmonic modelling, some recent progress in use of the spatial Fourier modelling is also described with demonstration examples.