凹面腔尺寸和曲率对激波会聚起爆的影响分析

为了研究凹面腔构型对环形射流聚心碰撞产生激波会聚起爆爆震的影响及作用规律,本文以氢气和空气混合物为例,对不同尺寸和曲率的凹面腔内激波会聚起爆爆震过程进行了数值模拟,结果表明,在凹面腔尺寸的选择上,要同时考虑射流强度和凹面腔空间对入射激波造成的衰减作用,平衡两者,从而选择出合适的凹面腔。凹面腔曲率既不能太大,也不能太小。本文算例中,直径为74mm,开口直径为70mm的部分球形凹面腔起爆性能最优。     

激光输能无人机的概念研究

激光输能无人机(UAV)由于飞行高度高和续航时间长等优势得到关注.从激光输能角度,基于无人机质量评估模型,建立了激光辐照功率密度和无人机输出功率以及飞行性能之间的函数关系.以Sky Sailor太阳能无人机为例,计算分析了激光输能无人机和太阳能无人机的升限和飞行包络.结果表明由于激光辐照功率密度大和光/电之间能量转化效率高,与太阳能无人机比较,可携带的有效载荷更大、升限更高、爬升和抗扰能力更强;随着激光辐照功率密度增大,即使电子设备和有效载荷的质量和功耗都增大,飞行包络很宽,同时,飞行速度增大,但实际升限有所降低.     

基于电子束电离的高超声速磁流体发电机

为了获得高超声速低温来流条件下基于电子束电离的磁流体发电机性能,采用三维低磁雷诺数磁流体动力学五方程模型和简化的电子束电离模型,对等截面分段法拉第型磁流体发电机内的流动进行数值模拟,研究了电离能量花费、磁场强度对发电通道性能的影响,得出了不同电离花费下电离所形成的电子数密度和电导率.研究结果表明,电子束电离低温来流能够产生足够的电导率,当负载系数保持为0.5时,电效率基本保持在0.5 ～0.6之间,电效率大小受磁场强度影响不大,电离能量花费Pion(MW/m3)为0.06,0.6,6,30,300时的电导率σ(S/m)分别为0.28,0.9,3,7,27.当电离能量花费为30MW/m3,能量提取率达到26％,电效率为66％,发电机性能接近最佳,对应的磁场强度为10T.     

Graph-tree-based software control flow checking for COTS processors on pico-satellites

 This paper proposes a generic high-performance and low-time-overhead software control flow checking solution, graph-tree-based control flow checking (GTCFC) for space-borne commercial- off-the-shelf (COTS) processors. A graph tree data structure with a topology similar to common trees is introduced to transform the control flow graphs of target programs. This together with design of IDs and signatures of its vertices and edges allows for an easy check of legality of actual branching during target program execution. As a result, the algorithm not only is capable of detecting all single and multiple branching errors with low latency and time overheads along with a linear-complexity space overhead, but also remains generic among arbitrary instruction sets and independent of any specific hardware. Tests of the algorithm using a COTS-processor-based onboard computer (OBC) of in-service ZDPS-1A pico-satellite products show that GTCFC can detect over 90% of the randomly injected and all-pattern-covering branching errors for different types of target programs, with performance and overheads consistent with the theoretical analysis; and beats well-established preeminent control flow checking algorithms in these dimensions. Furthermore, it is validated that GTCGC not only can be accommodated in pico-satellites conveniently with still sufficient system margins left, but also has the ability to minimize the risk of control flow errors being undetected in their space missions. Therefore, due to its effectiveness, efficiency, and compatibility, the GTCFC solution is ready for applications on COTS processors on pico-satellites in their real space missions.     

激光功率密度对纳秒激光烧蚀冲量耦合影响的数值模拟

为研究激光功率密度对纳秒激光烧蚀冲量耦合影响,建立了一个复杂的一维热传导和流体动力学模型。以空间碎片常见材料Al为例,用建立的物理模型数值计算了纳秒脉宽激光烧蚀产生的冲量随时间变化情况,数值结果和已有的实验数据符合较好。数值计算表明:辐照的激光功率密度越高,发生等离子体屏蔽时间越早,等离子体屏蔽越明显,能量利用率越低;随着激光功率密度的逐渐增大,获得的冲量逐渐趋于稳定,冲量耦合系数降低,数值计算结果与Phipps的最优能量耦合规律一致。      

航天用铝合金/ 焊丝焊接性研究

针对2A14、2219、2195、2A97、1460铝合金,通过焊接热模拟试验、焊接裂纹敏感性试验和拉伸试验,建立了材料脆性温度区间大小和焊接性的关系及焊丝主成分和焊接性的关系。结果表明,试验合金焊接性从好到差的排列顺序为2219、2A14、1460、2195、2A97。其中2A14、2219铝合金现用焊丝可以满足推进剂贮箱用铝合金焊接性要求。脆性温度区间较小时,焊接性良好,随脆性温度区间增加,焊接性变差;采用满足主成分含量之和为6%的焊丝焊接时,若抗裂性满足要求,则接头延伸率满足要求。     

不同条件下平面叶栅风洞流场品质的实验研究

为了全面认识亚声速平面叶栅风洞的流场品质及其影响因素,以西工大高亚声速平面叶栅风洞为研究对象,实验测量并分析了空风洞的来流品质以及安装叶栅实验件后来流马赫数、来流攻角、叶片数对叶栅流场准确性、均匀性以及周期性的影响。研究结果表明：空风洞内主流区域宽广且基本均匀,马赫数偏差不超过0.005,气流角偏差不超过；加装叶栅实验件后的周向流场分布表现出不对称,靠近可移动上侧壁的三个通道的来流均匀性和准确性普遍较差,叶栅中间和偏向可移动下侧壁的通道来流均匀性和准确性较好；来流攻角对叶栅进口流场品质的影响比马赫数更大,在负攻角和较小的正攻角下,叶栅进口流场品质较好；在较大的正攻角下,叶栅来流均匀性和准确性明显下降；叶栅进口流场品质直接影响着叶栅通道内以及出口流场的周期性。     

壁面辐射平衡DSMC方法及其在双锥构型中应用

临近空间高超声速飞行器在高空长时间飞行,受气流加热影响,飞行器表面温度显著升高,依赖地面试验和传统DSMC仿真预测的热流值明显高于飞行观测值,导致飞行器防热系统的保守设计.本文发展了一种基于壁面辐射平衡的DSMC边界模型,通过热流值反算辐射平衡壁面温度,并以此温度作为下一个时间步DSMC计算的边界条件,迭代更新至给出壁面温度的收敛值.基于该温度边界条件,开发了适用于轴对称构型的DSMC求解器,并以钝锥构型对计算模型和求解器进行了验证.重点针对激波风洞试验条件下的双锥构型,开展数值模拟研究,结果表明:该构型恒温冷壁条件得到的壁面压力分布和热流与风洞试验结果吻合,两种温度条件下的压力峰值差异约为15.4％,但是整体气动力特性差异仅约为0.33％;相对于冷壁,辐射平衡计算得到的前缘处热流峰值降低约50％,再附点处的热流峰值降低约三分之二;两种条件相结合,可以给出壁面热流的预测范围.     

Protective effects of melatonin against C beam irradiation-induced oxidative stress and DNA injury in the mouse brain

The purpose of this experiment was to estimate the protective effects of melatonin against radiation-induced brain damages in mice induced by heavy ion beams. Kun-Ming mice were randomly divided into five groups: normal control group, irradiation control group, and three different doses of melatonin (5, 10, and 20 mg/kg, i.p.) treated groups. Apart from the normal control group, the other four groups were exposed to whole-body 4.0 Gy carbon ion beam irradiation (approximately 0.5 Gy/min) after i.p. administration of normal saline or melatonin 1 h before irradiation. The oxidative redox status of brain tissue was assessed by measurement of malondiadehyde (MDA) levels, total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), cytosolic superoxide dismutase (Cu/ZnSOD, SOD1) and mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (MnSOD, SOD2) activities at 8 h after irradiation. DNA damages were determined using the Comet assay and apoptosis and cell cycle distribution were detected by flow cytometric analyses. A dramatic dose-dependent decrease in MDA levels, tail moment, rates of tailing cells, and apoptosis, and a dose-dependent increase in T-SOD and SOD2 activities, in brain tissues in the melatonin-treated groups were detected compared with the irradiation only group. Furthermore, flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that the percentage of brain cells in the G0/G1 phase decreased significantly, while those in the S and G2/M stage increased dramatically, with mice pretreated with melatonin compared to the irradiation control group. These data indicate that melatonin has protective effects against irradiation-induced brain injury, and that its underlying protective mechanisms may relate to modulation of oxidative stress induced by heavy ionirradiation.     

基于高效垂直互连的X频段三维交叉合路网络

针对射频微波系统小型化、一体化、低成本设计需求,利用HFSS软件3D建模仿真研究微波毫米波多层板高密度垂直互连技术,对比不同结构参数的频率特性,在结构上通过加载层间焊盘改善特定频段内传输性能,在DC^20GHz内回波损耗小于–20dB。基于该高效垂直互连技术,实现32路信号输入4波束输出交叉网络3D垂直合成,体积仅为125mm×30mm×1.8mm,经测试带内插损≤10.95dB,驻波比≤1.4,较好地实现了X频段合路输出功能。