基于人机合作的无人机实时航迹规划

针对复杂多变的战场环境,无人机(UAV)在执行任务遇到突发威胁时,提出了一种人机合作的实时航迹规划方法。由人决策和分析威胁信息,给出规避方向和任务紧急程度,无人机据此采用模糊推理的方法,自主解算得到引导点的位置,牵引无人机改变航向,规避突发威胁。仿真结果表明,采用人机合作的实时航迹规划可以将人的智能决策和无人机的快速计算能力有机结合起来,规划更加优化的航迹,能动态调整引导点的位置,可根据任务的紧急程度灵活选择规避路径。     

激波-边界层-分离流相互干扰三维湍流的数值模拟

本文采用数值方法求解时间相关三维可压缩雷诺平均Ｎａｖｉｅｒ－Ｓｔｏｋｅｓ方程组,模拟激波—边界层—分离流相互干扰三维湍流流动。湍流模型为Ｂａｄｗｉｎ－Ｌｏｍａｘ两层代数模型,改进后用于三维内流问题。采用单元中心有限体积法离散流场控制方程,ＶａｎＬｅｅｒ矢通量格式计算无粘通量,中心差分法计算粘性通量,ＬＵＳＧＳ时间推进格式计算定常流场。本文以二元跨音速扩压器内三流动为算例,数值模拟较强激波—边界层—分离流相互干扰维湍流流动,并与实验结果进行了比较。数值模拟结果,在激波强度、分离点位置和再附点位置等方面,与实验结果吻合较好。     

Solar flare forecasting model supported with artificial neural network techniques

Nowadays operational models for solar activity forecasting are still based on the statistical relationship between solar activity and solar magnetic field evolution. In order to set up this relationship, many parameters have been proposed to be the measures. Conventional measures are based on the sunspot group classification which provides limited information from sunspots. For this reason, new measures based on solar magnetic field observations are proposed and a solar flare forecasting model supported with an artificial neural network is introduced. This model is equivalent to a person with a long period of solar flare forecasting experience.     

Neoplastic transformation of hamster embryo cells by heavy ions

We have studied the induction of morphological transformation of Syrian hamster embryo cells by low doses of heavy ions with different linear energy transfer (LET), ranging from 13 to 400 keV/μm. Exponentially growing cells were irradiated with ¹²C or ²⁸Si ion beams generated by the Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator in Chiba (HIMAC), inoculated to culture dishes, and transformed colonies were identified when the cells were densely stacked and showed a crisscross pattern. Over the LET range examined, the frequency of transformation induced by the heavy ions increased sharply at very low doses no greater than 5 cGy. The relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of the heavy ions relative to 250 kVp X-rays showed an initial increase with LET, reaching a maximum value of about 7 at 100 keV/μm, and then decreased with the further increase in LET. Thus, we confirmed that high LET heavy ions are significantly more effective than X-rays for the induction of in vitro cell transformation.     

A strategic flight conflict avoidance approach based on a memetic algorithm

Conflict avoidance （CA） plays a crucial role in guaranteeing the airspace safety. The cur- rent approaches, mostly focusing on a short-term situation which eliminates conflicts via local adjust- ment, cannot provide a global solution. Recently, long-term conflict avoidance approaches, which are proposed to provide solutions via strategically planning traffic flow from a global view, have attracted more attentions. With consideration of the situation in China, there are thousands of flights per day and the air route network is large and complex, which makes the long-term problem to be a large-scale combinatorial optimization problem with complex constraints. To minimize the risk of premature convergence being faced by current approaches and obtain higher quality solutions, in this work, we present an effective strategic framework based on a memetic algorithm （MA）, which can markedly improve search capability via a combination of population-based global search and local improve- ments made by individuals. In addition, a specially designed local search operator and an adaptive local search frequency strategy are proposed to improve the solution quality. Furthermore, a fast genetic algorithm （GA） is presented as the global optimization method. Empirical studies using real traffic data of the Chinese air route network and daily flight plans show that our approach outper- formed the existing approaches including the GA .based approach and the cooperative coevolution based approach as well as some well-known memetic algorithm based approaches.     

Cosmic Ray Energetics And Mass for the International Space Station (ISS-CREAM)

The Cosmic Ray Energetics And Mass (CREAM) instrument is configured with a suite of particle detectors to measure TeV cosmic-ray elemental spectra from protons to iron nuclei over a wide energy range. The goal is to extend direct measurements of cosmic-ray composition to the highest energies practical, and thereby have enough overlap with ground based indirect measurements to answer questions on cosmic-ray origin, acceleration and propagation. The balloon-borne CREAM was flown successfully for about 161 days in six flights over Antarctica to measure elemental spectra of Z = 1–26 nuclei over the energy range 10¹⁰ to >10¹⁴ eV. Transforming the balloon instrument into ISS-CREAM involves identification and replacement of components that would be at risk in the International Space Station (ISS) environment, in addition to assessing safety and mission assurance concerns. The transformation process includes rigorous testing of components to reduce risks and increase survivability on the launch vehicle and operations on the ISS without negatively impacting the heritage of the successful CREAM design. The project status, including results from the ongoing analysis of existing data and, particularly, plans to increase the exposure factor by another order of magnitude utilizing the International Space Station are presented.     

对毫米波末制导雷达两点源干扰效能分析研究

毫米波末制导是精确制导的重要方式之一。首先分析了对毫米波末制导雷达的电子对抗原理,在此基础上分别建立了对毫米波末制导雷达的两点源相干干扰、非相干干扰和闪烁干扰的效能分析模型,并研究了各种干扰方式的作战运用。     

真空出气对星用聚酰亚胺材料电导率的影响

卫星介质材料在真空环境下的出气有可能对材料本身的介电性能产生显著影响,增加长期服役卫星寿命末期的充放电风险。文章以卫星上常用的聚酰亚胺材料为对象,通过地面90Sr-90Y辐照源加速辐照试验研究了在材料真空出气后其表面充电平衡负电位的变化,并据此计算出材料电导率的变化规律。结果显示,在5 pA/cm2电子辐照强度下,聚酰亚胺样品的电导率随着出气量的增加而明显下降,在总质量损失达到0.5%时,电导率减小一半左右。初步分析了出气导致电导率下降的物理机制。研究结果对卫星寿命末期充放电防护设计有指导意义。     

蓝宝石光学窗口辐照效应

蓝宝石光学窗口在空间环境服役时,将会受到不同射线(如γ射线、X射线)以及离子流(如电子、质子等)的辐照作用,使其光学性质及结构发生变化,影响使用性能.为模拟空间环境,采用60Co源及电子流对蓝宝石进行辐照,研究了蓝宝石经辐照后的光学性能及结构变化,测试了蓝宝石辐照前后的表面粗糙度以及吸收光谱和荧光光谱变化.AFM实验表明,γ射线辐照对蓝宝石表面粗糙度几乎没有影响,而电子流辐照使得蓝宝石表面粗糙度增加.吸收光谱结果显示,蓝宝石经射γ线及电子流辐照后在紫外可见波段表现出较强的吸收,出现206,238,300和330 nm等吸收峰.荧光光谱发现335 nm和410 nm等荧光发光峰.曩后分析了色心产生原因,计算了辐照前后的色心浓度.     

航空发动机主燃烧室稳定工作范围研究

应用火焰传播理论、二维两相紊流燃烧的k-ε模型、EBU-Arrhen ius模型、颗粒群轨道模型和AD INA软件,计算出了某型在研航空发动机在不同飞行状态下的主燃烧室贫油熄火时的流场、温度场和压力场;计算值与试验结果比较吻合,证实了数值模拟的合理性和可行性。