星地动态双向时间同步与测距算法

针对卫星运动对星地距离和钟差测量的不利影响,提出一种基于最小二乘拟合的星地动态双向时间同步与测距算法。在建立星地可视模型基础上,仿真了MEO运动卫星与地面时间同步站之间星地距离的变化规律,分析了卫星运动对星地双向时间同步与测距的主要不利影响。该算法首先利用星地双向时间同步数据分别生成星地距离和钟差拟合多项式,然后联合求解出运动卫星误差最小的星地距离与钟差。实验结果表明了该算法的合理性和科学性,在包含仿真误差的条件下,其时间同步精度优于3ns,测距精度优于3m。将其应用到各种空天应用系统的星地时间同步与测距中,可以消除卫星运动对双向时间同步与测距的不利影响,提高时间同步与测距精度。     

Fault diagnosis based on measurement reconstruction of HPT exit pressure for turbofan engine

Aero-engine gas path health monitoring plays a critical role in Engine Health Management(EHM). To achieve unbiased estimation, traditional filtering methods have strict requirements on measurement parameters which sometimes cannot be measured in engineering. The most typical one is the High-Pressure Turbine(HPT) exit pressure, which is vital to distinguishing failure modes between different turbines. For the case of an abrupt failure occurring in a single turbine component, a model-based sensor measurement reconstruction method is proposed in this paper. First,to estimate the missing measurements, the forward algorithm and the backward algorithm are developed based on corresponding component models according to the failure hypotheses. Then,a new fault diagnosis logic is designed and the traditional nonlinear filter is improved by adding the measurement estimation module and the health parameter correction module, which uses the reconstructed measurement to complete the health parameters estimation. Simulation results show that the proposed method can well restore the desired measurement and the estimated measurement can be used in the turbofan engine gas path diagnosis. Compared with the diagnosis under the condition of missing sensors, this method can distinguish between different failure modes, quantify the variations of health parameters, and achieve good performance at multiple operating points in the flight envelope.     

Effects of yaw-roll coupling ratio on the lateral-directional departure prediction and restraint

The experimental data obtained from yaw-roll coupled wind tunnel tests are used for lateral-directional departure prediction, by linearizing the_b model to extract nominal dynamic derivatives at each coupling ratio.The prediction results are compared with those of the existing engineering methods which are based on the conventional aerodynamic derivatives.The comparison shows that the yaw-roll coupling ratio has a great influence on the departure susceptibility.The departure resistance will loss in partial region of the coupling ratio when the angle of attack is higher than a critical value.According to the stable and unstable regions of coupling ratio, a two-segment stability augmentation system with two different feedback gain matrices is obtained by pole-placement method.The two-segment stability augmentation system is used in the simulations of straight and level flight, steady turn, spin recovery and Herbst maneuver.The simulation results are also compared with the applications of a fixed-gain stability augmentation system designed by the conventional aerodynamic derivatives.When the yaw-roll coupling effects are fully considered, the two-segment stability augmentation system is more effective for departure restraint and can provide a better flying quality with less control energy.     

前置不同诱导轮的高速离心泵性能

为研究分流叶片诱导轮及变螺距诱导轮对离心泵水力性能及汽蚀性能的影响,对具有前置诱导轮的高速离心泵进行了试验和数值模拟。外特性试验表明,两种前置诱导轮对高速离心泵效率的影响均不显著,前置分流叶片诱导轮的离心泵扬程相对于前置变螺距诱导轮有显著下降。汽蚀试验表明,小流量工况下前置分流叶片诱导轮的离心泵抗汽蚀性能较优,大流量工况下前置变螺距诱导轮的离心泵抗汽蚀性能较优,其余工况下两者的抗汽蚀性能相当。仿真结果表明,大流量工况下分流叶片诱导轮扬程较低,不能满足离心轮进口能量需求,致使前置分流叶片诱导轮的离心泵汽蚀性能变差。     

空间带电粒子辐照与预应力耦合作用对功能形面薄膜结构性能影响研究

空间大尺度薄膜航天器是航天技术发展的重要方向,采用折叠展开的大面积功能形面结构是此类航天器的基本特征,为满足热控、通信、聚光、成像与能量传输等功能,结构需要通过预应力来维持形面,保证较高的形面精度和结构基频,但预应力加载对带电粒子辐照下薄膜材料性能退化存在促进作用.文章通过对薄膜材料在不同预应力工况和空间环境耦合作用下的损伤行为以及退化规律开展试验研究,建立与预应力状态、辐照注量相关的材料性能退化规律,量化研究了预应力对空间辐射环境下功能形面薄膜结构性能影响.随着薄膜力学性能的退化,形面结构基频随之有微弱的降低,且对薄膜结构平面度造成一定影响.     

运载火箭交叉输送系统关键影响因素辨识与分析

为深入了解交叉输送系统特性,辨识关键影响因素及其影响规律,通过系统建模与仿真分析开展交叉输送系统关键影响因素研究.推导了交叉输送系统关键组件数学模型,基于AMESim软件构建了系统仿真模型.研究表明,贮箱气枕压差和输送管路流阻是两大关键影响因素.为保证推进剂按额定流量交叉输送,必须对各子级箱压进行精确调节.由于助推上游...     

AIT阶段微生物灭菌技术在行星保护任务中的应用与发展

行星保护是每一个开展深空探测活动的国家都应遵守的国际化行为。基于我国深空探测任务中行星保护相关的微生物控制需求,文章首先分析了深空探测器在AIT（总装、集成和测试）阶段负载的微生物主要种类和来源,之后综述NASA和ESA采用的干热灭菌（DHMR）、气相过氧化氢（VHP）等微生物灭菌技术在行星保护任务中的应用与研究现状,最后对加快微生物灭菌技术研究以支持我国未来的行星探测任务提出建议。     

高温存储对Sn-Pb-Ni凸点界面金属间化合物生长的影响

倒装焊工艺由于具有信号处理速度快、封装密度高、可靠性高等特点,已广泛应用于高密度集成电路封装工艺中。高可靠倒装焊器件的互连焊点通常采用10Sn90Pb等高铅焊料,该焊料具有剪切强度高、可靠性高等优点,但其熔点高、回流工艺窗口窄等特性给封装工艺带来一定难度,此外该焊料在高温存储环境的可靠性有待进一步提高。本文采用Ni元素对10Sn90Pb焊料进行改性,研究高温存储下Sn-Pb-Ni体系凸点的力学性能以及金属间化合物（Intermetallic compound,IMC）的生长演变规律,以此评估Ni元素对10Sn90Pb凸点可靠性的影响。主要结果如下：适量添加Ni元素可以细化10Sn90Pb焊点界面处IMC晶粒,降低高温存储条件下的IMC生长速度,但在一定程度上会降低凸点的剪切强度。0.05%~0.1%含量的Ni元素添加对10Sn90Pb凸点综合性能提升较为显著。     

某火箭发动机故障检测及诊断算法设计分析

针对某型号液体火箭发动机故障检测及诊断软件存在瞬态段（起动段、关机段）故障检测功能缺失、故障诊断无法给出故障量大小的问题,在原软件故障诊断算法——余弦相似度分类的基础上,通过引入故障因子定量给出故障量大小,实现发动机故障诊断的定性定量分析。同时,采用基于统计学基础的包络线算法,通过Python语言对发动机瞬态段故障检测算法进行设计开发,使原软件实现发动机瞬态段故障检测功能。通过仿真试车数据对软件算法进行验证,结果表明优化后的故障诊断功能可实现故障量大小计算,基于包络线算法开发的故障检测功能提高了发动机故障检测效率。     

高超声速滑翔目标自适应跟踪方法

针对机动模式复杂多变的高超声速滑翔目标跟踪问题,提出了一种机动频率自适应跟踪方法。采用介于常速度和常加速度模型之间的Singer模型来表征目标气动力加速度的变化,从而建立跟踪系统的状态方程。根据地基雷达量测量获得系统的量测方程,鉴于距离和角度信息的量级相差较大将其由球形量测量转换为位置量测量。为了适应高超声速滑翔目标灵活多样的机动模式,基于正交性原理和无迹卡尔曼滤波算法实现了Singer模型中机动频率参数的自适应。利用滤波信息计算得到能够反映状态模型误差大小的调整因子,用于放大Singer模型中的机动频率,进而调整状态方程的过程噪声以降低模型误差。通过对2种典型机动轨迹的跟踪仿真,并与交互式多模型等方法进行比较,结果表明所提方法的跟踪精度高、计算量小,能够较好地适应阶跃机动和连续幅值变化的机动。