HTPB官能度数学模型建立

为了研究自由基型液体端羟基聚丁二烯预聚物(HTPB)体系官能度分布情况,对其化学合成中自由电子转移情况进行了分析,并通过数学统计的方法对其官能度分布进行理论数值模拟,建立了适用于自由基型HTPB官能度分布的函数关系式,并与GPC所测结果进行对比。结果显示,计算所得函数关系式与测试数据吻合结果较好,数值模拟结果准确性较高;自由基聚合生产的不同批次的HTPB官能度分布存在较大差异,单官能度分子含量可从5%~24%,二官能度分子的含量可从50%~81%;利用数学统计得到的函数关系,可将复杂的HTPB官能度测试转变为简单的分子量分布测试。     

B65A-S钢动态力学性能及本构模型的研究

为了研究B65A-S钢的动态力学行为,采用Instron液压试验机和分离式霍普金森压杆试验装置,在不同应变率和不同温度条件下对圆柱形试样进行准静态和动态加载试验。试验结果表明,材料的屈服强度与流动应力随着温度升高而降低;在温度一定时,随着应变和应变率的增大,材料的流动应力增高,具有典型的温度软化、应变强化和应变率强化特性。最后基于Jonson-Cook本构模型对试验数据拟合,得到B65A-S钢的Johnson-Cook本构模型参数。     

中国对外贸易与航空运输的关系测度研究

中国对外贸易长期快速持续增长,在国际市场上的比重逐年增加,恰值中国民航业的发展正处于迅猛成长期。对外贸易的发展对航空运输有直接或间接的重要影响,货物贸易的增长对航空货运需求增加,国际交流频繁也促进了航空客运的发展。基于国际贸易的动态效应理论,通过选取1982—2011年的时间序列数据,对进出口贸易总额与航空运输总周转量间的关系进行格兰杰因果检验,并构建了对外贸易与航空运输增长之间的有限分布滞后模型。分析结果表明:对外贸易与航空运输增长之间存在因果关系,其中对外贸易对航空运输增长的贡献度为0.28。     

基于电力综合集成的多绕组双流发电机技术分析

为解决采用传统发电机的移动电站输出电源种类单一,而采用多台发电机又会造成底盘过载影响机动性的问题,文章基于电力综合集成技术,分析研究实现发电机的双流发电的关键技术,突破发电机多绕组发电及励磁解耦等难题,减小了电机体积、降低了电机重量,有利于移动电站的多功能化与小型化设计。     

Drag Reducing and Increasing Mechanism on Triangular Riblet Surface

Drag reducing and increasing mechanism on riblet surface has been studied through computational fluid dynamics(CFD).Drag reduction is achieved through the optimization of riblet geometry which would affect flow structure inside riblet grooves.Force and flow structure on riblet surface are analyzed and compared with those of smooth surface based on the k-εturbulence model.Drag reducing and increasing mechanism is proved to be related to microvortexes induced inside riblets which lead to Reynolds shear stress reduction significantly and is considered to be the dominant factor resulting in wall friction reduction.Simulation results also show that the pressure drag generating from the deviation of static pressure on the front and rear ends of riblets occurs and grows exponentially with Mach number,which can cause drag increasing.Furthermore,near-wall vortical structures,Reynolds shear stress and static pressure on riblet surfaces are also analyzed in detail.     

以语言和数字的关系为例重新解读萨丕尔-沃尔夫假说

语言和思维的关系是个古老而迷人的话题,从古至今,讨论主要集中在语言和思维是否可分,如果可分,是谁决定谁。在众多观点中,针对萨匹尔-沃尔夫假说的争议颇多。以往对萨丕尔沃尔夫假说的讨论并不少,但如同对语言和思维关系的探讨一样,绝大部分研究显得实证不足。基于前人的研究,拟从具体实例研究,即英汉双语对数字概念表达方面的影响为例,重新解读该假说。     

High temporal resolution global PWV dataset of 2005–2016 by using a neural network approach to determine the mean temperature of the atmosphere

Atmospheric water vapour plays an important role in phenomena related to the global hydrologic cycle and climate change. However, the rapid temporal–spatial variation in global tropospheric water vapour has not been well investigated due to a lack of long-term, high-temporal-resolution precipitable water vapour (PWV). Accordingly, this study generates an hourly PWV dataset for 272 ground-based International Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Service (IGS) stations over the period of 2005–2016 using the zenith troposphere delay (ZTD) derived from global-scale GNSS observation. The root mean square (RMS) of the hourly ZTD obtained from the IGS tropospheric product is approximately 4 mm. A fifth-generation reanalysis dataset of the European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasting (ECMWF ERA5) is used to obtain hourly surface temperature (T) and pressure (P), which are first validated with GNSS synoptic station data and radiosonde data, respectively. Then, T and P are used to calculate the water vapour-weighted atmospheric mean temperature (Tm) and zenith hydrostatic delay (ZHD), respectively. T and P at the GNSS stations are obtained via an interpolation in the horizontal and vertical directions using the grid-based ERA5 reanalysis dataset. Here, Tm is calculated using a neural network model, whereas ZHD is obtained using an empirical Saastamoinen model. The RMS values of T and P at the collocated 693 radiosonde stations are 1.6 K and 3.1 hPa, respectively. Therefore, the theoretical error of PWV caused by the errors in ZTD, T and P is on the order of approximately 2.1 mm. A practical comparison experiment is performed using 97 collocated radiosonde stations and 23 GNSS stations equipped with meteorological sensors. The RMS and bias of the hourly PWV dataset are 2.87/?0.16 and 2.45/0.55 mm, respectively, when compared with radiosonde and GNSS stations equipped with meteorological sensors. Additionally, preliminary analysis of the hourly PWV dataset during the EI Niño event of 2014–2016 further indicates the capability of monitoring the daily changes in atmospheric water vapour. This finding is interesting and significant for further climate research.     

基于机器视觉的药用铝箔印刷品质检测系统

为适应制药行业对药用铝箔印刷品质的严格要求,在分析了印刷过程中对微小针孔、正面文字缺陷以及反面细小异物的检测需求后,开发了一套基于机器视觉的药用铝箔印刷品质检测系统。系统选配了线阵CCD相机、条形LED光源等硬件,搭建了高实时性、高清晰度的图像采集环境;采用基于Win Sock网络通信的系统架构作为检测软件,将多台工控机的处理结果通过网络通信传输给中控系统。经测试表明:此检测系统在现场能够稳定、高效运行,提高了药用铝箔印刷品质检测的自动化程度。     

PBT弹性体力学性能及低温脆性研究

采用一步法制备了热固性3,3-双(叠氮甲基)环氧丁烷-四氢呋喃共聚醚(PBT)弹性体,并对其氢键结构、应力-应变关系和动态力学性能及低温脆性进行了研究。结果表明,合成的PBT弹性体拉伸强度和断裂伸长率在DEG羟基含量为35%、R=0.97时,可达2.51 MPa和1 274%,玻璃化温度为-34.5℃。高DEG含量的PBT弹性体脆化参数较低,与常温力学性能变化规律相反。因此,引入低温脆化参数,对PBT弹性体的性能优化具有积极意义。