中国遥感卫星系统灾害监测能力研究

通过研究、归纳中国在气象、海洋、农业、减灾、资源、环境等方面的九类重大自然灾害的监测对空间遥感的应用需求,绘出了九类重大自然灾害在时间分辨率和空间分辨率上的相应分布图;介绍了中国遥感卫星系统的发展现状,绘制其对九类重大自然灾害监测的能力满足度曲线,在此基础上,预测了中国未来遥感卫星系统的灾害监测能力包线应具有的能力,提出了中国未来遥感卫星系统的能力配置及发展建议。     

一种群路突发信号连续解调位同步算法

窄带群路的突发信号解调的过程中,可以采用的位同步算法有很多种,这里介绍的群路突发信号连续解调位同步算法,是一种基于开环同步的位同步算法,解决了持续时间较长的突发帧信号的位同步问题。     

现场校准试验用便携式γ射线照射装置研制

固定式环境γ辐射剂量率监测仪表是承担环境连续监测任务的主要设备,这类仪表通常不便于拆卸和安装,而且送检周期较长（一周左右）,影响了连续监测点数据的连续性。为了固定式仪表的按期校准,结合蒙卡方法研制了便携式γ射线照射装置,利用PTW剂量计对辐射场进行标定,最后利用便携式照射装置对固定式环境γ辐射剂量率监测仪表进行现场校准实验。     

Lunar cosmic ray radiation environments during Luna and Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter missions

The RV-2N-series instruments onboard Luna missions and the Cosmic Ray Telescope for the Effects of Radiation (CRaTER) instrument onboard Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) were designed to characterize the global lunar radiation environment and its biological impacts by measuring cosmic ray (CR) intensity. In this study, we have shown that the RV-2N-series instruments onboard of Russian Luna missions and the CRaTER reliably detect both background CRs and solar proton events (SPEs) in the lunar radiation environment using the proton intensity measured by the RV-2N-series onboard Luna missions out of the Russian Luna program for the exploration of the Moon (November 1970–August 1975) and the CR intensity on the Moon observed by the CRaTER (June 2009–March 2011). Those were compared with the CR intensities observed by neutron monitors (McMurdo, Thule, Oulu) on the Earth. The sunspot number is used as the index of solar activity (NOAA National Geophysical Data Center). As a result, the background CR intensities on the Moon turned out to have a good anti-correlation with the solar activity. We have also identified the proton intensity increasing events on the Moon which have the similar profiles to those observed by neutron monitors on the Earth. Most of these events show the significant increase of proton intensities in the lunar radiation environment when the SPEs associated with solar eruptions are verified. Therefore, most of the proton intensity increasing events are associated with the energetic solar particles in the lunar environment.     

现代企业对高职专科人才的需求状况研究

通过对现代企业的人才需求情况的调查,分析影响高职专科人才素质变化的客观因素,归纳现代企业对高职专科人才的需求特征和素质要求的现状及趋势。     

PyC界面层厚度对三维针刺C/ZrC-SiC复合材料力学性能影响规律研究

通过控制沉积时间（5 h,15 h,30 h 和50 h）获得了不同PyC界面层厚度试样,随后采用先驱体浸渍-裂解工艺完成S5,S15,S30和S50-C/ZrC-SiC复合材料的制备工作,研究了PyC界面层厚度对C/ZrC-SiC复合材料弯曲、断裂性能影响规律及其作用机理。结果表明：随着沉积时间增加,PyC界面层厚不断增大,C/ZrC-SiC复合材料弯曲力学性能和断裂韧性均表现出先增大而后降低的变化规律。这主要由于PyC界面层厚度的增大,纤维损伤、基体热失配程度减弱,进而提高C/ZrC-SiC复合材料强度,但过大的PyC界面层厚度会降低纤维与基体的结合力和ZrC-SiC基体含量,最终导致C/ZrC-SiC复合材料强度的下降。而S30-C/ZrC-SiC复合材料因表现出较多“纤维桥连”、“裂纹偏转”和“裂纹分枝”现象,有利于消耗断裂能,最终表现出较好的断裂性能。     

Super-resolution reconstruction of astronomical images using time-scale adaptive normalized convolution

In this work, we describe a new multiframe Super-Resolution (SR) framework based on time-scale adaptive Normalized Convolution (NC), and apply it to astronomical images. The method mainly uses the conceptual basis of NC where each neighborhood of a signal is expressed in terms of the corresponding subspace expanded by the chosen polynomial basis function. Instead of the conventional NC, the introduced spatially adaptive filtering kernel is utilized as the applicability function of shape-adaptive NC, which fits the local image structure information including shape and orientation. This makes it possible to obtain image patches with the same modality, which are collected for polynomial expansion to maximize the signal-to-noise ratio and suppress aliasing artifacts across lines and edges. The robust signal certainty takes the confidence value at each point into account before a local polynomial expansion to minimize the influence of outliers. Finally, the temporal scale applicability is considered to omit accurate motion estimation since it is easy to result in annoying registration errors in real astronomical applications. Excellent SR reconstruction capability of the time-scale adaptive NC is demonstrated through fundamental experiments on both synthetic images and real astronomical images when compared with other SR reconstruction methods.     

基于改进补零/差分的北斗弱信号捕获算法

北斗信号二次编码调制了速率为1kbps的NH码,频繁的比特跳变导致传统捕获算法的效果受到抑制,并且限制了积分时间的增长。为了实现北斗弱信号的捕获,提出了一种适合北斗弱信号的捕获算法,将补零算法和差分相干积分算法相结合并进行了优化设计。对补零算法和差分相干积分算法进行了改进,将差分延迟时间调整为20ms,有效消除了NH码的影响,并增加了积分时间,提高了信噪比。采用Monte Carlo仿真测试了在载噪比为20dBHz~38dBHz的条件下,此算法与传统算法的检测性能。结果表明,相比传统算法,此算法的捕获灵敏度提高了约10dB。此算法能够有效消除北斗NH码相位变化对信号捕获的影响,并提高信噪比,适用于弱信号条件下的北斗信号捕获。     

基于ABAQUS的混杂纤维增强复合材料固化变形模拟

针对混杂纤维增强复合材料固化变形问题,以两种纤维增强双马树脂基复合材料为研究对象,建立了一种基于ABAQUS的混杂纤维增强复合材料固化变形预测模型。大尺寸(500 mm×500 mm)平板固化变形实验结果表明,建立的有限元数值模拟计算方法能够较准确的预测混杂纤维增强复合材料固化变形的变形趋势和最大变形量,最大变形量测算误差约为10%~15%。     

基于本征正交分解的平流层风场建模与预测

平流层风场环境对临近空间低动态飞行器设计和轨迹控制具有重要影响。针对平流层风场建模,提出一种基于本征正交分解(POD)的风场数据降阶方法,在此基础上,提出一种可以对平流层风场进行预测的Fourier模型。以长沙地区2005—2009年风场为例,采用提出的POD方法与Fourier预测模型对风场进行建模与预测,并对Fourier预测精度进行分析。研究结果表明,采用POD方法可以对东西方向风场进行高效率高精度降阶建模;通过Fourier预测模型可以对东西方向风场进行准确预测,预测精度与实际风场随时间变化的规律性有关,风场数据越紧凑,周期性越明显,预测精度越高。