传感器安装对爆炸冲击测试结果影响的试验研究

为了找到爆炸冲击测试结果精确度的影响因素,利用轻气炮冲击试验装置作为冲击源,设计了专用对比工装,模拟安装过程中的实际操作因素的影响程度。以压阻式传感器为研究对象,以激光多普勒测振仪校准结果为基准,对比耦合剂种类、连接螺栓规格、表面粗糙度、安装力矩以及传感器安装数量等因素对测试结果的影响。结果表明前4种因素对冲击测试的影响较小,均在3 dB的容差范围以内;而传感器安装数量和与被测对象的连接方式对冲击测试结果影响较大。     

载人航天器空气环境参数控制非定常仿真分析

为支持乘员在轨驻留,载人航天器需通过空气环境控制系统将众多设计参数和空气环境参数控制在指标范围内。文章建立了一种载人航天器空气环境非定常控制仿真分析模型,包括舱体模块、航天员模块、舱压控制模块、温湿度控制模块以及CO2净化模块。利用该模型分析了载人航天器空气环境参数随乘员代谢水平的非定常变化趋势,并评估了控制系统的工作性能。结果表明:乘员代谢水平变化对空气环境参数有显著影响,通过调节控制系统运行参数可将各空气参数控制在有效指标范围内。人区温度与O2分压、CO2分压和人区湿度有密切的影响关系,不可孤立地进行分析。为载人航天器空气环境参数控制系统的设计和流程改进提供了依据。     

BTA 深孔钻削切屑变形与刀齿切削力分布规律仿真

采用ABAQUS有限元分析软件,建立了错齿BTA钻头钻削环状工件单元切削仿真模型,以45#钢为工件材料,对错齿BTA钻头各刀齿切削不同直径的环状工件进行了模拟仿真,分析了钻削过程中错齿BTA钻头各个刀齿切屑的形成过程与变形特点,研究了环状单元切削力三分量随工件半径的受力分布规律.结果表明,错齿BTA钻头各刀齿切削力分量呈现出随半径增大而增大的非均匀分布规律,并且切削速度和进给量对切削力分布规律几乎没有影响.     

Numerical Simulation of a Swept Wing Hot-air Anti-icing System

对后掠翼热气防冰系统的表面温度进行了数值仿真研究.用欧拉方法计算局部水收集系数,外部对流换热系数用附面层积分法计算,蒙皮导热和内部换热用计算流体力学(CFD)方法计算,用基于FLUENT的用户自定义函数(UDF)方法将外部换热、蒙皮导热和内部换热三者耦合求解,实现了热流边界条件的自动加载和温度的自动更新.通过对ARJ21-700机翼防冰系统性能的计算,说明所研究的计算方法能对三维后掠翼热气防冰系统作出总体性能的评估和局部性能的评价,为自然结冰条件下飞机的飞行试验提供依据,从而大大降低飞行试验风险.     

Integrated Safety Culture Model and Application

A new safety culture model is constructed and is applied to analyze the correlations between safety culture and SMS. On the basis of previous typical definitions, models and theories of safety culture, an in-depth analysis on safety culture＇s structure, composing elements and their correlations was conducted. A new definition of safety culture was proposed from the perspective of sub-culture. 7 types of safety sub-culture, which are safety priority culture, standardizing culture, flexible culture, learning culture, teamwork culture, reporting culture and justice culture were defined later. Then integrated safety culture model （ISCM） was put forward based on the definition. The model divided safety culture into intrinsic latency level and extrinsic indication level and explained the potential relationship between safety sub-culture and all safety culture dimensions. Finally in the analyzing of safety culture and SMS, it concluded that positive safety culture is the basis of im plementing SMS effectively and an advanced SMS will improve safety culture from all around.     

Heavy-ion induced genetic changes and evolution processes.

On Moon and Mars, there will be more galactic cosmic rays and higher radiation doses than on earth. Our experimental studies showed that heavy ion radiation can effectively cause mutation and chromosome aberrations and that high-LET heavy-ion induced mutants can be irreversible. Chromosome translocations and deletions are common in cells irradiated by heavy particles, and ionizing radiations are effective in causing hyperploidy. The importance of the genetic changes in the evolution of life is an interesting question. Through evolution, there is an increase of DNA content in cells from lower forms of life to higher organisms. The DNA content, however, reached a plateau in vertebrates. By increasing DNA content, there can be an increase of information in the cell. For a given DNA content, the quality of information can be changed by rearranging the DNA. Because radiation can cause hyperploidy, an increase of DNA content in cells, and can induce DNA rearrangement, it is likely that the evolution of life on Mars will be effected by its radiation environment. A simple analysis shows that the radiation level on Mars may cause a mutation frequency comparable to that of the spontaneous mutation rate on Earth. To the extent that mutation plays a role in adaptation, radiation alone on Mars may thus provide sufficient mutation for the evolution of life.     

具不确定观测和相关噪声的最优递推滤波

应用正交投影定理,对于噪声相关系统,在观测不确定的情况下,求出了状态向量的卡尔曼滤波公式。在线性最小方差准则下,解决了状态噪声一步相关,相同时刻的测量噪声和状态噪声相关,以及测量噪声和状态噪声在相邻时刻均相关的情况下的滤波问题,并给出了递推滤波公式。仿真算例说明了它们的有效性。     

Progress in Space Material Researches

New progress in the post researches on space grown materials, the development of experiment facilities, and the experiment techniques for space materials researches were introduced. Besides the conventional materials, such as alloys, semiconductors, and optical crystals, new materials have also been prepared on the ground.     

PWM full-bridge converter with natural input power factor correction

A pulsewidth modulated (PWM) full-bridge converter that simultaneously performs input power factor correction (PFC) and DC-DC conversion is proposed. The converter is the same as the standard voltage-fed PWM full-bridge converter with a diode-bridge low-pass filter front end, but with a slight modification that results in an improvement in power factor that is sufficient to satisfy the EN61000-3-2 requirements for electrical equipment. The operation of the converter is explained and analyzed, and the results of the analysis are used to determine the converter's steady-state characteristics, which are discussed in detail. A design procedure for the selection of components is then derived and demonstrated with an example. The feasibility of the converter and its ability to satisfy EN61000-3-2 requirements on electrical equipment is shown with results obtained from an experimental prototype.