涡流管结构参数对其性能的影响

用实验方法研究了热端管管长、分离室直径、冷孔板孔径等主要结构参数对涡流管的制冷制热性能的影响。实验中以空气为介质分别对不同结构参数涡流管的性能进行了研究,得出了热端管管长、分离室直径以及冷孔板孔径等参数对涡流管制冷制热性能的影响规律。研究结果表明:在一定范围内增加热端管长度有利于涡流管的能量分离;在大冷流率下,大直径涡流管的制冷性能优于小直径涡流管;冷孔板孔径愈小,涡流管的制冷制热效应都愈好,在冷孔板孔径与热端管内径之比为50%时,取得最佳的制冷制热效应。      

Kinetic Monte Carlo Simulation of EB-PVD Film:Effects of Substrate Temperature

The 2D kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) simulation was used to study the effects of different substrate temperatures on the microstruc-ture of Ni-Cr films in the process of deposition by the electron beam physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD). In the KMC model, substrate was assumed to be a “surface” of tight-packed rows, and the simulation includes two phenomena: adatom-surface collision and adatom diffusion. While the interaction between atoms was described by the embedded atom method, the jumping energy was calculated by the molecular static (MS) calculation. The initial location of the adatom was defined by the Momentum Scheme. The results reveal that there exists a critical substrate temperature which means that the lowest packing density and the highest surface roughness structure will be achieved when the temperature is lower than the smaller critical value, while the roughness of both surfaces and the void contents keep decreasing with the substrate temperature increasing until it reaches the higher critical value. The results also indicate that the critical substrate temperature rises as the deposition rate increases.     

Electrolytic Passivation of Nitinol Shape Memory Alloy in Different Electrolytes

The corrosion behavior of the nitinol alloy was studied in various corrosion media of different Cl–ion concentrations. The results demonstrate that the Cl–ion concentration has significant influences on the corrosion behavior of the nitinol alloy. In order to enhance the corrosion resistance, protective films were generated on the surface of the nitinol alloy by means of the electrochemical passivation method, for which five different electrolytic solutions were investigated. The surface analysis indicates full growth of all samples pas-sivated in the different electrolytic solutions with layers, however, showing different morphological features. Without any defects like micro-cracks and pores, the surface of the samples passivated in the molybdate solution turns out smoother and denser than those pas-sivated in other solutions. It is shown that the electro-chemical passivation will reduce Ni content but increase Ti content in the surface, reaching the Mole ratio of Ti:Ni=9.01:1 on the outermost surface. Potentiodynamic polarization test demonstrates that the samples electrochemically passivated in the molybdate solution present a significant increase in breakdown potential due to titanium enrichment on the outermost surface.     

无人机载多传感器图像融合评述

为了能为作战指挥系统提供清晰的局部战场信息,提高对局部战场低可观测目标的检测概率、定位精度及识别概率,迫切需要对无人机载SAR、可见光传感器、红外探测器等图像信息及其他非图像信息融合处理。提出了无人机载多传感器图像融合技术需要研究的内容,如: 图像融合新方法研究;无人机载SAR图像的非平稳性处理;基于图像融合目标检测和处理技术; 无人机载图像和非图像信息的融合问题;无人机载多传感器图像融合的实现及评估;多无人机载合成孔径雷达的协同成像;用图像融合的方法实现对运动目标检测等。分析了所提出研究内容的可行性,剖析了其中的关键技术,拟定了可能的技术路线。     

Lognormal杂波环境中基于Hough变换的目标检测

给出了基于Hough变换的信号检测结构,推导了Lognormal分布杂波背景下基于Hough 变换检测器的检测性能的解析表达式,设计了具体的仿真环境和仿真流程,对基于Hough变换检测器在非起伏目标和四种Swerling起伏环境下的目标检测性能进行了分析。     

Ti-6Al-4V电子束焊接焊缝区域精细组织特征

采用OM,XRD,EPMA,TEM分析了电子束焊接Ti-6Al-4V焊缝区域的精细组织结构特征。结果表明接头区域组织形态由基体等轴晶向焊缝柱状形态演化,焊缝区域呈现单一α′网篮状组织,TEM板束形态呈多向分布,焊缝区域的位错分布密度与基体母材相比呈现出减小的趋势,且熔合线附近存在V,Fe等β稳定元素浓度起伏现象。     

积垢对离心压气机性能的影响分析

以某型离心压气机为研究对象,利用流场仿真软件对不同污染程度的压气机性能进行数值计算,对比流场特性的变化,分析了积垢造成压气机性能损失的程度。结果表明：积垢对离心压气机性能的主要影响是降低压气机效率,原因是积垢改变了叶片表面粗糙度,增加了摩擦损失;扩大了叶片后缘和出口附近的低速回流区的范围,增强了回流强度,加大了流动损失。     

一种基于FPGA的全帧率图像处理方法

针对图像算法在FPGA内的硬件化实现问题,提出了一种全帧率处理的思路,并提供了两种具体的可供参考的设计方法——基于像素流缓冲的卷积核处理技术和基于相邻图像帧相关性的图像参数提取技术。通过其可以方便地设计并实现大部分空间域图像处理算法及其任意组合的硬件逻辑电路,并达到与图像输入帧率相同的处理速度。以Canny算子的硬件化实现为例验证了设计理念。实验结果表明,全帧率图像方法具有可操作性强、实时性好、符合结构化模块化设计的特点,特别适合于对实时性要求高的嵌入式视觉系统。     

无人机双机编队攻击作战效能评估

针对无人机双机编队任务协同/非协同攻击作战情况,运用概率论及搜索理论,建立了目标搜索、识别、攻击作战的效能评估数学模型,在此数学模型基础上分析了任务协同和非协同条件下的攻击任务成功率及影响因素,结果得出双机协同、非协同在不同作战情况下有着各自的优势。分析结果对实际作战安排做出了指导性原则,对提高无人机集群作战效能具有实际意义。     

基于气化煤油喷注的RBCC燃烧室亚燃模态燃烧组织研究

针对RBCC发动机亚燃模态进行主动冷却的情况下,煤油发生气化后喷入燃烧室的燃烧组织开展研究。在亚燃模态低来流总温条件下,使用小流量富燃一次火箭高温射流作为引导火焰可以实现支板喷注二次燃料的可靠点火和稳定燃烧,当煤油喷注前加热到气化/超临界态时,燃烧室最高压力相比于室温液态煤油提高约10%左右。当关闭一次火箭后,利用凹腔成功实现火焰稳定,而使用室温液态煤油喷注时,凹腔内无法实现火焰稳定。通过数值模拟获得了不同喷注方案的燃烧室燃烧流场特征和燃烧组织过程,为进一步优化燃烧室的性能提供依据。结果分析表明通过合理布置燃料支板喷注位置,由燃料支板下游集中的燃料热释放使得气流在扩张燃烧室构型中实现"热力壅塞",通过燃料分配实现燃烧室内合理的燃烧释热分布,使RBCC发动机亚燃模态完成高效燃烧组织。