Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe (IMAP): A New NASA Mission

The Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe (IMAP) is a revolutionary mission that simultaneously investigates two of the most important overarching issues in Heliophysics today: the acceleration of energetic particles and interaction of the solar wind with the local interstellar medium. While seemingly disparate, these are intimately coupled because particles accelerated in the inner heliosphere play critical roles in the outer heliospheric interaction. Selected by NASA in 2018, IMAP is planned to launch in 2024. The IMAP spacecraft is a simple sun-pointed spinner in orbit about the Sun-Earth L1 point. IMAP’s ten instruments provide a complete and synergistic set of observations to simultaneously dissect the particle injection and acceleration processes at 1 AU while remotely probing the global heliospheric interaction and its response to particle populations generated by these processes. In situ at 1 AU, IMAP provides detailed observations of solar wind electrons and ions; suprathermal, pickup, and energetic ions; and the interplanetary magnetic field. For the outer heliosphere interaction, IMAP provides advanced global observations of the remote plasma and energetic ions over a broad energy range via energetic neutral atom imaging, and precise observations of interstellar neutral atoms penetrating the heliosphere. Complementary observations of interstellar dust and the ultraviolet glow of interstellar neutrals further deepen the physical understanding from IMAP. IMAP also continuously broadcasts vital real-time space weather observations. Finally, IMAP engages the broader Heliophysics community through a variety of innovative opportunities. This paper summarizes the IMAP mission at the start of Phase A development.     

圆形太阳翼模态仿真与试验研究

利用有限元软件SAMCEF实现了圆形太阳翼模态仿真分析，探究了翼面预紧力、约束方式和悬吊弹簧重力卸载系统对太阳翼模态的影响。结果显示，翼面预紧力对太阳翼模态影响较大；支撑车约束方式微小影响太阳翼第一阶模态；有支撑车相比无支撑车，太阳翼第一阶模态频率差值可达32.89%，因此地面试验不能使用支撑车；含悬吊弹簧重力卸载系统可有效减轻重力作用对模态的影响；此外，当弹簧刚度小于7 N/m时，其对太阳翼模态的影响小于0.59‰。随后，采用工作模态法和双点激振方式，经预试验优化地面试验方案；采用正弦扫频方法进行模态测试，获得了圆形太阳翼的前四阶模态振型和固有频率。最后，通过有限元模型修正，使模态仿真结果误差保持在4.16%以内，符合测试相关标准的要求。     

弹性自驱动卷筒式伸杆机构展开刚度分析及校验

针对弹性自驱动卷筒式伸杆机构(STACER) 的展开刚度问题，分析了卷筒式伸杆机构的工作原理，基于等效连续体模型推导了卷筒式伸杆机构弹性卷筒的构型参数与刚度的关系式，分析了弹性卷筒末端螺旋角、末端半径、带厚、带宽对展开刚度的影响。分析结果表明：(1)末端半径的增大能同时提高弹性卷筒的一阶频率和比刚度，而带宽的增大将导致弹性卷筒的一阶频率和比刚度均降低;(2)弹性卷筒的一阶频率随带厚的增加近似线性增大，但比刚度随带厚的增大而近似按双曲线规律下;(3)弹性卷筒末端螺旋角在62°~75°时，弹性卷筒的比刚度可获得最优值。卷筒式伸杆机构的刚度测试结果与理论分析结果基本一致，校验了理论分析方法的有效性。     

A novel environmental control system based on membrane dehumidification

This paper conducts a simulation study of a novel aircraft environmental control system based on membrane dehumidification(MD-ECS),and compares the system with the up-to-date four-wheel high pressure de-water system(4WHPDW-ECS).Mathematical models for the two systems are established,and a system simulation using a numerical technique is performed to analyze and compare the cooling performance of the two systems.Simulation results show that the cooling capacity of MD-ECS is much higher than that of 4WHPDW-ECS under the same working conditions,indicating that the novel system is theoretically feasible and promising.The effects of the sweep ratio of the membrane dehumidifier on the dehumidification and cooling performance of the system is also investigated.     

涨刀在深孔内环槽加工中的应用

介绍了一种加工深孔内环槽的高效工具.结合涨刀结构与工作原理的阐述,总结了其使用方法及加工特点,并列举了几种常见加工质量问题及解决措施.     

发动机电子调节器防消喘通道检测系统

介绍了某型发动机综合电子调节器防消喘通道检测系统的硬件、软件结构设计及测控功能的实现。实验表明，基于ATLAS的检测系统能够迅速准确地对该通道进行检测和维护，具有较广的应用价值，可用于发动机综合电子调节器的建模仿真与研究。     

Biomass-Derived Nitrogen and Sulfur Co-Doped 3D Carbon Networks with Interconnected Meso-Microporous Structure for High-Performance Supercapacitors

Three-dimensional(3D)carbon networks have been explored as promising capacitive materials thanks to their unique structural features such as large ion-accessible surface area and interconnected porous networks,thus enhancing both ions and electrons transport.Here,sustainable bacterial cellulose(BC)is used both precursor and template for facile synthesis of free-standing N,S-codoped 3Dcarbon networks(a-NSC)by the pyrolysis and activation of polyrhodanine coated BC.The synthesized a-NSC shows highly conductive interconnected porous networks(24S·cm~(-1)),large surface area(1 420m~2·g~(-1))with hierarchical meso-microporosity,and high-level heteroatoms codoping(N:3.1%in atom,S:3.2%in atom).Benefitting from these,a-NSC as binder-free electrode exhibits an ultrahigh specific capacitance of 340F·g~(-1)(24μF·cm~(-2))at the current density of 0.5A·g~(-1)in 6MKOH electrolyte,high-rate capability(71%at 20A·g~(-1))and excellent cycle stability.Furthermore,the assembled symmetrical supercapacitor displays a much short time constant of 0.35sin 1MTEABF4/AN electrolyte,obtaining a maximum energy density of 32.1W·h·kg~(-1 )at power density of 637W·kg~(-1).The in situ multi-heteroatoms doping enables biocellulose-derived carbon networks to exploit its full potentials in energy storage applications,which can be extended to other dimensional carbon nanostructures.     

异面压缩下六边形铝蜂窝平均塑性坍塌应力研究

为了研究铝蜂窝在准静态异面压缩下的平均塑性坍塌应力，基于简化的基本折叠单元理论，以单个完整铝蜂窝六边形单元为研究对象，根据能量守恒定律，形成一个基本折叠单元外力所做的功等于屈曲能和膜能的总和，由此分别假设铝蜂窝材料服从Tresca屈服准则或Mises屈服准则，给出了两个准静态异面压缩下铝蜂窝平均塑性坍塌应力的理论计算公式，试验结果验证了理论推导的正确性。提出的公式对研究铝蜂窝的异面压缩性能具有一定的工程指导意义。     

车用柴油机冷EGR系统的设计与试验

为了降低车用柴油机NOx的排放量,设计了一套柴油机的冷EGR系统,通过对再循环的废气进行精确冷却来降低NOx的排放量.该系统可以通过控制电动水泵的转速来调节EGR冷却器冷却水的循环量,确保不同工况下EGR的最佳冷却温度范围.对冷EGR系统的主要部件文丘里管和EGR冷却器等主要部件进行了设计计算,并对冷EGR系统的电控单元ECU进行了设计.将该冷EGR系统在R4105T型柴油机试验台架上进行了试验.结果表明:与热EGR系统相比,在各种工况下冷EGR系统可以有效地降低NOx的排放量,且使得柴油机的燃油消耗率也有所降低.     

Effects of photoperiod on wheat growth,development and yield in CELSS

A Controlled Ecological Life Support System (CELSS) is a sealed system used in spaceflight in order to provide astronauts with food and O₂ by plants. It is of great significance to increase the energy-using efficiency because energy is extremely deficient in the space. Therefore, the objective of this research was to increase the energy-using efficiency of wheat by regulating the photoperiod. Sixteen treatments were set in total: four photoperiods before flowering (PBF) combined with four photoperiods after flowering (PAF) of 12 h, 16 h, 20 h and 24 h. The light source was red–blue LED (90% red+10% blue). As a result, the growth period of wheat was largely extended by shorter PBF, particularly the number of days from tillering to jointing and from jointing to heading. The period from flowering to maturity was extended by shorter PAF. Shorter PBF and longer PAF could increase not only the yield but also the energy-using efficiency of wheat. As for the nutritional quality, longer photoperiod (both PBF and PAF) increased starch concentration as well as decreased protein concentration of seeds. The effects of PBF and PAF were interactional. The lighting strategy with PBF of 12 h and PAF of 24 h was proved to be the optimum photoperiod for wheat cultivation in CELSS. The mechanisms of photoperiod effect contain two aspects. Firstly, photoperiod is a signal for many processes in plant growth, particularly the process of ear differentiation. Shorter PBF promoted the ear differentiation of wheat, increasing the spikelet number, floret number and seed number and thus enhancing the yield. Secondly, longer photoperiod leads to more light energy input and longer time of photosynthesis, so that longer PAF provided more photosynthate and increased seed yield.