冲压发动机燃烧室压力脉动对进气道的影响分析

冲压发动机燃烧室燃烧时产生的振荡会以声波的形式对进气道结尾激波产生干扰。本研究采用数值方法模拟了不同燃烧室压力脉动频率和振幅对进气道工作状态的影响情况。计算模型为轴对称混压式进气道,控制方程采用雷诺平均N-S方程,湍流模型为标准k-ε模型。求解时时间推进采用二阶隐式格式,空间离散采用AUSM格式。计算结果表明,燃烧室压力振荡频率越大进气道结尾激波运动幅度越小,而振荡幅值越大进气道结尾激波的运动幅度越大。     

基于EKF的主动雷达寻的制导状态估计与最优控制研究

针对主动雷达寻的制导问题,进行了非线性系统状态估计和最优制导律的研究,并进行了目标机动情况下的仿真验证。利用主动雷达给出的带有噪声的观测信息,设计了寻的制导系统扩展卡尔曼滤波器,估计弹目相对运动状态信息。基于最优控制理论,按照需用过载和脱靶量最小设计了线性二次型最优制导律。仿真结果表明,所设计的主动雷达寻的制导系统滤波器和最优制导律能有效对付机动目标,满足飞行器控制要求。     

三轴转台谐波幅相自适应控制系统的设计

提出了一种能够有效地提高正弦运动仿真转台精度的谐波幅相自适应控制补偿方法，阐述了谐波幅相自适应控制的机理、结构配置，开发了谐波幅相自适应控制律、分析了系统稳定性，为进一步提高精度还提出了一种在线辨识系统频响模型的实现途径。由转台工作的实测数据及跟踪误差测试表明，本文提出的谐波幅相自适应控制方法的精度明显优于常规的经典控制，对其他精密正弦运动跟踪系统也有普遍意义。     

面向设计的纤维缠绕复合材料压力容器结构分析方法

基于薄膜理论和经典层合板理论，导出了纤维缠绕轴对称壳的薄膜内力、应力、应变和位移等计算公式，旨在探讨一种面向纤维缠绕复合材料压力容器设计的结构分析方法。最后，通过两个算例评估了方法的有效性。     

一种新型白口铸铁的组织与性能

本文研究不同含硅量、不同铬含量硅铬白口铸铁的组织与性能影响，结果表明：随含硅．铬量的增加，硅铬白口铸铁中碳化物的相对量逐渐增加，基体、碳化物的显微和宏观硬度逐渐增加，碳化物由Fe3C和Fe7C3组成；冷却速度和淬火加热温度对该材料冲击磨粒磨损性能影响不大；硅铬白口铸铁下贝氏体基体耐冲击磨粒磨损性能较其它组织的好。     

捆绑火箭气动载荷分布不确定性分析

针对带捆绑火箭气动载荷分布受飞行状态及本身外形参数变化影响存在波动的现象,提出了依据多项式混沌理论对捆绑火箭气动载荷分布特征进行全局灵敏度分析及不确定性量化的方法,并以两助推构型火箭为例对所提方法进行验证。首先,提出了捆绑火箭气动载荷分布不确定性分析的方法,并给出仿真分析流程。其次,以两助推构型火箭为例对所提方法进行验证,建立火箭气动外形参数化模型,验证气动特性分析结果。最后,对该模型开展影响因素灵敏度分析及载荷分布不确定性分析,得到了不同因素的影响程度,以及气动轴力和法向力的不确定性分布形式,分析了流场流动情况及气动载荷波动的主要原因。分析结果为捆绑火箭气动载荷波动控制提供了一定参考,通过定量描述气动载荷分布不确定性,可以有效降低安全系数冗余,为开展精确结构设计提供依据。      

先进的宇航试验舱温控系统

介绍了中国新一代宇航试验舱的温控系统。该温控系统设计思想先进、结构新颖。在直径２．３ｍ,长２ｍ的封闭舱体控温面上,实现了０℃～５０℃的任意温度定点控制及９０ｍｉｎ内的正弦波、梯形波、三角波的周期变化;在整个控温面上温度非均匀性（均方根偏差）小于０．３℃,远远超过了非均匀度±１℃、控制精度±２℃的原设计指标。     

GRACE gravity field modeling with an investigation on correlation between nuisance parameters and gravity field coefficients

The GRACE (Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment) monthly gravity models have been independently produced and published by several research institutions, such as Center for Space Research (CSR), GeoForschungsZentrum (GFZ), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES) and Delft Institute of Earth Observation and Space Systems (DEOS). According to their processing standards, above institutions use the traditional variational approach except that the DEOS exploits the acceleration approach. The background force models employed are rather similar. The produced gravity field models generally agree with one another in the spatial pattern. However, there are some discrepancies in the gravity signal amplitude between solutions produced by different institutions. In particular, 10%–30% signal amplitude differences in some river basins can be observed. In this paper, we implemented a variant of the traditional variational approach and computed two sets of monthly gravity field solutions using the data from January 2005 to December 2006. The input data are K-band range-rates (KBRR) and kinematic orbits of GRACE satellites. The main difference in the production of our two types of models is how to deal with nuisance parameters. This type of parameters is necessary to absorb low-frequency errors in the data, which are mainly the aliasing and instrument errors. One way is to remove the nuisance parameters before estimating the geopotential coefficients, called NPARB approach in the paper. The other way is to estimate the nuisance parameters and geopotential coefficients simultaneously, called NPESS approach. These two types of solutions mainly differ in geopotential coefficients from degree 2 to 5. This can be explained by the fact that the nuisance parameters and the gravity field coefficients are highly correlated, particularly at low degrees. We compare these solutions with the official and published ones by means of spectral analysis. It is found that our solutions are, in general, consistent with others in the spatial pattern. The water storage variations of the Amazon, Chari and Ganges river basins have also been computed. The variations computed with the NPARB approach are closer to those produced by JPL and DEOS solutions, while the variations produced with the NPESS approach are in good agreement with those produced by the CSR and GFZ solutions. A simulation study is implemented with considering realistic noise and low-frequency error. The two approaches are used to recover the true model. The NPESS solution appears closer to the true one. Therefore we are inclined to estimate the nuisance parameters simultaneously with the geopential coefficients.     

基于应变测量方法的卫星天线阵列变形检测

文章介绍了基于应变测量的卫星天线变形检测方法。该方法针对卫星天线在实际工作中产生的阵列形变,应用弹性力学的有关理论和解析方法,通过测量天线阵列单元面板表面的应变数据推导并拟合出天线阵列弯曲的挠度函数,绘制出天线阵列单元的变形构型。实验表明,该方法有较高的精度,能够为天线输出信号的相位校正控制提供依据。     

美国导弹防御系统的演化发展与关键技术

较详细地评述了美国导弹防御系统五个发展阶段的演化发展情况，重点介绍了各阶段的研究进展和所取得的主要成果；简要介绍了导弹防御系统的试验结果与最新动态。最后，探讨了这些关键技术对我军武器装备发展的影响。