无人机复杂环境中跟踪运动目标的实时航路规划

在复杂地形环境中,无人机在跟踪运动目标时,现有的航路规划方法在实时性和可行性上存在一定缺陷.提出了一种新的滚动窗口启发方向计算方法,使其能够跟踪运动目标,同时在滚动窗口内采用流函数法进行避障.根据无人机约束,滚动窗口为三角形,并设计了基于行为的伸缩功能.在流函数中,利用水势能方法克服了陷阱地形并进行了航路平滑.仿真结果表明:这种混合算法对于复杂地形条件下跟踪运动目标的航路规划,能够减小规划算法的时间和空间复杂度,使规划出的航路适于无人机飞行.     

基于星敏感器的两种姿态确定算法比较分析

介绍了星敏感器的两种姿态确定算法：最小二乘算法和QUEST算法,推导了最小二乘算法和QUEST算法求解三轴姿态的公式;比较了两种算法在不同恒星数目下的计算精度以及在全天区范围内的计算精度;利用实例说明QUEST算法不仅在全天区范围内姿态计算精度高于最小二乘算法,而且在观测星数量较少,且观测星座呈现较为不利的构型时仍然具有较高的计算精度.     

基于SVM的浮动车行驶模式判断模型

浮动车在低速情况下存在两种行驶模式,如不能对上述模式进行准确区分,将严重影响浮动车实时路况计算的精度和效率.研究和设计了一个基于支持向量机(SVM,Support Vector Machine)的浮动车行驶模式判断模型,并针对性地提出了一种简单的基于隶属度矩阵的特征评价和选择方法.实验表明通过上述方法选择的特征子集所训练的分类器在测试样本集上具有92.6%的分类准确性;经过行驶模式分析后,浮动车系统的准确性有显著提升.      

Fault diagnosis based on measurement reconstruction of HPT exit pressure for turbofan engine

Aero-engine gas path health monitoring plays a critical role in Engine Health Management(EHM). To achieve unbiased estimation, traditional filtering methods have strict requirements on measurement parameters which sometimes cannot be measured in engineering. The most typical one is the High-Pressure Turbine(HPT) exit pressure, which is vital to distinguishing failure modes between different turbines. For the case of an abrupt failure occurring in a single turbine component, a model-based sensor measurement reconstruction method is proposed in this paper. First,to estimate the missing measurements, the forward algorithm and the backward algorithm are developed based on corresponding component models according to the failure hypotheses. Then,a new fault diagnosis logic is designed and the traditional nonlinear filter is improved by adding the measurement estimation module and the health parameter correction module, which uses the reconstructed measurement to complete the health parameters estimation. Simulation results show that the proposed method can well restore the desired measurement and the estimated measurement can be used in the turbofan engine gas path diagnosis. Compared with the diagnosis under the condition of missing sensors, this method can distinguish between different failure modes, quantify the variations of health parameters, and achieve good performance at multiple operating points in the flight envelope.     

真实气体效应对Ma10级进气道流动的影响

为了探究高马赫数超燃冲压发动机高速飞行时真实气体效应对进气道流场的影响,仿真获得了不同气体模型下Ma10级进气道流场结构和性能。结果表明:进气道主流流场温度较低,不足以触发空气的离解反应,反应仅发生在边界层内,但反应程度较低,远未达到化学平衡状态,除了边界层温度及热载荷特性,其流场结果则更为贴近冻结流流场,因而化学非平衡模型与热完全气体模型的进气道通流流场结构和性能基本一致。而真实气体效应导致边界层特性的不同,对进气道起动特性产生影响,吸热离解反应通过对进口分离包的抑制和增大进口马赫数将进气道的再起动马赫数从9.8降低到9.4。在对进气道在宽速域应用中的钝化设计研究发现,真实气体效应虽然对前缘钝化进气道流场的压力分布和性能无明显影响,但是其能起到整体降低壁面热流的作用,不仅钝头处的热流降低了1MW/m2,通道内的热流也整体降低了0.1MW/m2。     

加压预处理对软质聚酰亚胺泡沫力学性能的影响

为解决软质聚酰亚胺泡沫初始状态力学性能的不稳定性,采用Solimide~?AC-550聚酰亚胺泡沫分别进行不同加压方式及加压压力的预压处理,并对预压处理的试样进行拉伸和压缩性能测试。结果表明:负压预处理对该泡沫所造成的力学性能损伤比正压更大;且在+4 kPa预处理时,可使得该泡沫获得相对稳定的力学性能,满足工程应用的需求。     

飞机全电刹车系统的发展与关键技术研究

刹车系统是影响飞机起降安全的关键功能子系统之一,全电刹车是刹车系统的发展方向,是多电飞机重要的组成部分;与传统的液压刹车系统相比,全电刹车系统具有架构简单、可靠性高、经济性好等明显优势;本文首先对国内外全电刹车发展现状进行收集和整理,通过对比分析,找到国内外全电刹车技术上的差距;然后,根据样件试验情况,从自身角度出发,对全电刹车系统的关键技术进行梳理和分析,为国内全电刹车的研究和发展提供参考;最后,对国内全电刹车的发展现状进行思考。     

A New D-GCL for Unidirectional Motion with Large Displacement

Numerical simulations of unsteady flow problems with moving boundaries commonly require the use of geometric conservation law(GCL).However,in cases of unidirectional large mesh deformation,the cumulative error caused by the discrete procedure in GCL can significantly increase,and a direct consequence is that the calculated cell volume may become negative.To control the cumulative error,a new discrete GCL(D-GCL)is proposed.Unlike the original D-GCL,the proposed method uses the control volume analytically evaluated according to the grid motion at the time level n,instead of using the calculated value from the D-GCL itself.Error analysis indicates that the truncation error of the numerical scheme is guaranteed to be the same order as that obtained from the original D-GCL,while the accumulated error is greatly reduced.For validation,two challenging large deformation cases including a rotating circular cylinder case and a descending GAW-(1)two-element airfoil case are selected to be investigated.Good agreements are found between the calculated results and some other literature data,demonstrating the feasibility of the proposed D-GCL for unidirectional motions with large displacements.     

类蛛网状盘式谐振微陀螺的抗冲击性能与结构误差仿真分析

具有导航级潜能的盘式谐振微陀螺是国际研究最热门的一类微机械陀螺,在此基础上设计了一款频率裂解小的类蛛网状盘式谐振微陀螺。通过有限元仿真软件进行了模态分析和冲击分析,仿真结果表明类蛛网状盘式谐振微陀螺工作模态与寄生模态最小频差为3.9kHz,可承受的冲击载荷加速度高达25000g。此外,开展了晶向误差和工艺误差等结构误差对频率裂解影响的仿真研究,结果表明,其比圆环状盘式谐振陀螺在频率裂解上具有更低的结构误差敏感度。综上说明该结构能有效抑制寄生模态干扰、抗冲击性能强且结构误差鲁棒性好,具有较好的发展前景。