建立中小企业诊断专家系统的构想

运用考试法、直接认定法、临时聘请法遴选专家,组建由政府、企业和民间协会共同组成的专家系统,对中小企业（宏观）发展与（微观）运行中的问题进行咨询和诊断,是我国中小企业快速、健康发展不可缺少的条件。作者对建立这一专家系统的有关问题,提出了自己的看法。     

温度与转速对涡轮叶尖径向间隙的影响

给出了考虑温度和转速影响的涡轮叶尖径向间隙的分析计算方法。用ＡＮＳＹＳ有限元软件计算出涡轮叶径向间隙的时间历程变化趋势,其中叶盘径向位移主要考虑温度和转速的影响,机匣径向位移主要考虑温度的影响。该分析计算方法为进一步开展涡轮叶尖径向间隙主动控制的研究奠定一定的基础。     

试飞试用阶段的飞机可靠性评估研究

飞机的可靠性水平是飞机设计定型时考核的重要指标之一,为保证评估结果的客观与准确性,在飞机 试飞试用阶段开展可靠性评估研究尤为重要。本文从工程实际需求出发,通过规范评估对象故障信息的采集 方式,明确故障判定准则与统计原则,给出完整的飞机可靠性评估流程;基于上述流程,针对某型飞机一年中的 试飞试用信息,进行多维度的可靠性评估。结果表明:评估结果能够较好地反映飞机的可靠性水平,满足工程 需要。     

对解线频调ISAR的间歇采样转发干扰

针对间歇采样转发应用于宽带ISAR干扰问题,研究了间歇采样转发信号经解线频调ISAR二维成像处理后信号特性,通过推导干扰信号对应的二维输出形式,讨论了干扰图像变化情况并由此分析了间歇采样周期和占空比对干扰效果的影响。利用数字仿真验证了干扰输出形式及图像特征理论分析的正确性;将实测数据与间歇采样转发处理相结合,初步验证了间歇采样转发干扰能够形成二维ISAR假目标。     

Nonlinear H∞ based underactuated attitude control for small satellites with two reaction wheels

Underactuated attitude control is supposed to be used on spacecraft when failure happens with onboard actuators. One main problem with existing underactuated attitude control designs is their limited capabilities against disturbances. In order to solve this problem, an approach based on the theory of H∞$H\infty$ is proposed in this paper. Two propositions are derived from the H∞$H\infty$ theory to improve the robustness of one popular underactuated attitude control design, which was presented by Tsiotras et al. It is proved mathematically that the controller satisfying these two propositions respectively can stabilize the underactuated attitude system locally or globally. The numerical simulations show that the improved controllers based on the H∞$H\infty$ theory could provide higher pointing accuracy for small satellites against disturbances. This validates the effectiveness of the proposed H∞$H\infty$ based approach to improve existing underactuated attitude control designs.     

Numerical investigation of the impact of asymmetric fuel injection on shock train characteristics

Numerical simulations are carried out to investigate the impact of asymmetric fuel injection on shock train characteristics using the commercial-code FLUENT. The asymmetry of fuel injection is examined by changing the fuel flow rates of the upper and lower wall fuel injectors. The numerical approach solves the two-dimensional Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) equations, supplemented with a k-ω model of turbulence. As a result, different ways of fuel injections will always lead to shock train transitions, with the variations of shock train structure, strength and leading edge position. For symmetric fuel injection, the flowfield of the isolator is quite asymmetric with the boundary layer of the upper wall side developing much stronger than that of the lower wall, which is due to the heterogeneity of the incoming flow. Regarding to asymmetric fuel injection with more of lower wall side, though the pressures in the combustor are nearly the same, the first shock of the shock train converts between ‘Distinct symmetric X type shock’ and ‘Obscure and weaker asymmetric shock’ and the shock train leading edge moves upstream with the increase of the asymmetry level. With regard to asymmetric fuel injection with more of upper wall side, ‘incomplete asymmetric X type shock’ occurs and the shock train structures keep nearly the same with low level of fuel injection asymmetry. Unexpected results like unstart will happen when increasing the level of fuel injection asymmetry. And the isolator will come back to normal state by decreasing the differential of upper and lower wall sides fuel injections.     

基于嵌入式MATLAB函数编程的火星车能量平衡仿真系统

在以往航天器研制过程中,电源系统能量平衡分析是基于表格化计算的方法,其运算效率低、显示不直观。文章提出了一种可视性强、易编程、更通用的能量平衡分析方法,即采用嵌入式MATLAB函数对电源系统能量平衡分析的功能模块进行编程实现,以火星车电源系统为应用背景,在MATLAB/SIMULINK平台上搭建了一套用于能量平衡分析的仿真系统,并在特定实例下进行仿真分析,仿真结果采用图表曲线形式显示,能清晰、直观地反映能源利用的动态变化趋势,可为电源系统方案优化设计提供参考依据。     

移15°双十二相隐极同步整流发电机数学模型的研究

分别在abc坐标系和dq0坐标系下建立了移15°双十二相隐极同步整流发电机的基本数学方程,推导了电机电压、磁链、输出功率、电磁转矩和转子运动方程。在MATLAB/Simulink中建立了移15°双十二相隐极同步整流发电机的仿真模型。对两路输出进行了不平衡负载仿真和试验。仿真与试验结果相比基本一致,验证了移15°双十二相隐极同步整流发电机数学模型的正确性。这为双十二相同步整流发电机运行性能和励磁控制系统的研究奠定了基础。     

预防Ⅱ型PIO的作动器设计

重点分析由作动器非线性因素(速率限制)引起的Ⅱ型PIO问题。将非线性因素线性化,采用赫尔维茨稳定性方法分析线性时不变系统的稳定性,采用二次型稳定性方法分析参数时变系统的稳定性。运用ROBAN算法确定稳定域,进而得到条件分析模型,分析了三种条件下的PIO趋势,给出合适的作动器设计方法。仿真研究表明,采用该方法设计的作动器使得某型飞机飞控系统具有良好的鲁棒性,可以有效避免Ⅱ型PIO的产生。     

大功率舰船燃气轮机压气机增容模化设计研究

某重点项目的船用燃气轮机领域提出了更高等级功率燃气轮机的要求。为了在研制周期内快速设计一型压气机,以现有机型为母型机进行模化设计,在母型机特性图上合理选择模化点,确定模化比,得到增容后模化机的叶片和几何通流结构,划分网格时,充分考虑叶顶间隙、倒角、引气孔、梳齿密封等,以更接近于工程实际情况,对模化机进行全三维数值模拟计算,结果表明,模化机设计点性能指标达到要求,非设计工况喘振裕度基本与母型机相同,模化后叶顶相对间隙的降低会带来阻塞点流量的升高、失速点流量的降低,导致低转速下喘振裕度的升高和高转速下喘振裕度的降低。总体来说,模化增容设计继承了母型机优良的气动性能,为快速、高效研发新机型提供宝贵经验。