PBO/SWNT复合纤维的合成与性能

利用原位聚合法成功制备了聚对苯撑苯并双噁唑(PBO)/单壁碳纳米管(SWNT)复合物,并用干喷湿纺法对聚合物进行了纺制.SWNT采用强氧化性酸处理,形成羧基化的单壁碳纳米管(SWNT-COOH).用拉曼光谱(Raman)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、强度测定、热重分析等分别对SWNT、PBO/SWNT复合纤维进行了表征.研究表明,碳纳米管经过酸处理后,表面含有较多的羟基和羧基官能团.PBO/SWNT复合纤维保持了PBO纤维的优异耐高温性能,纤维拉伸强度与同条件下PBO纤维相比提高了50%.     

轨道轰炸飞行器过渡段轨道设计与制导

针对轨道轰炸飞行器(OBV)的过渡段轨道设计与制导技术进行了讨论.在初始点位置、再入点位置和再入角固定的前提下,根据冲量假设和二体理论设计了固定时间转移轨道,其实质在于制动点位置和制动速度的确定.为了消除设计偏差,提出了一种基于虚拟再入点补偿的有限推力制导方案,并简要分析了关机点参数的选取原则.对于耗尽关机的动力系统,通过运用能量管理技术实现了多余燃料的耗散.仿真结果验证了上述方法的有效性.     

空间机械臂技术综述及展望

介绍了国外空间机械臂在轨技术验证与工程应用的概况,从任务类型、构型配置、末端执行器与操作方式方面分析了空间机械臂技术的发展趋势。综述了空间机械臂的任务规划、系统控制、路径规划、视觉感知、末端执行器、遥操作控制及地面试验验证7项关键技术。介绍了中国试验七号与天宫二号空间机械臂在轨验证情况,重点介绍了正在研制的中国空间站机械臂基本方案。最后,总结了目前空间机械臂技术存在的问题,并对中国未来空间机械臂技术发展提出了建议。     

电动力绳系研究进展

介绍了电动力绳系的主要构造及工作原理,回顾了国内外关于电动力绳系的研究历程,并总结了相关在轨试验进展情况。从绳系模型、轨道动力学以及绳系展开动力学与控制等几个方面对电动力绳系进行了分析,最后对电动力绳系技术未来的发展和应用做了展望。     

Aircraft Electric Anti-skid Braking System Based on Fuzzy-PID Controller with Parameter Self-adjustment Feature

The principle of electric braking system is analyzed and an anti-skid braking system based on the slip rate control is proposed. The fuzzy-PID controller with parameter self-adjustment feature is designed for the anti-skid braking system. The dynamic model of aircraft ground braking is established in the simulation environment of MATLAB/SIMULINK, and simulation results of dry runway and wet runway are presented. The results show that the fuzzy-PID controller with parameter self-adjustment feature for the electric anti-skid braking system keeps working in the state of stability and the brake efficiencies are increased to 93% on dry runway and 82% on wet runway respectively.     

Evaluation of three high-resolution satellite precipitation estimates: Potential for monsoon monitoring over Pakistan

Multi-sensor precipitation datasets including two products from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Multi-satellite Precipitation Analysis (TMPA) and estimates from Climate Prediction Center Morphing Technique (CMORPH) product were quantitatively evaluated to study the monsoon variability over Pakistan. Several statistical and graphical techniques are applied to illustrate the nonconformity of the three satellite products from the gauge observations. During the monsoon season (JAS), the three satellite precipitation products captures the intense precipitation well, all showing high correlation for high rain rates (>30 mm/day). The spatial and temporal satellite rainfall error variability shows a significant geo-topography dependent distribution, as all the three products overestimate over mountain ranges in the north and coastal region in the south parts of Indus basin. The TMPA-RT product tends to overestimate light rain rates (approximately 100%) and the bias is low for high rain rates (about ±20%). In general, daily comparisons from 2005 to 2010 show the best agreement between the TMPA-V7 research product and gauge observations with correlation coefficient values ranging from moderate (0.4) to high (0.8) over the spatial domain of Pakistan. The seasonal variation of rainfall frequency has large biases (100–140%) over high latitudes (36N) with complex terrain for daily, monsoon, and pre-monsoon comparisons. Relatively low uncertainties and errors (Bias ±25% and MAE 1–10 mm) were associated with the TMPA-RT product during the monsoon-dominated region (32–35N), thus demonstrating their potential use for developing an operational hydrological application of the satellite-based near real-time products in Pakistan for flood monitoring.     

基于Pro/Engineer的直齿圆锥齿轮三维实体造型

介绍在Pro／Engineer环境下实现直齿圆锥齿轮精确造型的方法。在此基础上,利用Pro／Engineer的Program模块完成二次开发。设计人员只需输入直齿圆锥齿轮的已知设计参数,就可迅速准确地生成所需的三维实体模型。     

利用差值定理降低飞行器速度和加速度拟合的截断误差

推导了差值定理及其推论,并以此作为数据拟合的有效点判据,显著降低了飞行器速度和加速度拟合的截断误差;探讨了该判据条件下滤波参数对拟合结果的影响及截断误差的判断条件,并采用实测数据对拟合效果进行了检验。     

空间通信自适应文件传输协议设计

现有的基于调整重传次数来降低文件传递时延的算法,或固定地重传丢失的协议数据单元（包）两次,或仅根据丢包率来调节重传次数,没有考虑到包个数、丢包率、链路单向传播时延与单个包发送时延之比等影响因素。文章基于延迟型否定应答文件传输协议,提出了一种用于空间通信的自适应调节重传次数的文件传输协议。对该协议的文件传递时延和额外传输开销性能进行了理论建模,分析了重传阶段包重传次数对重传回合数和重传包总个数两方面的影响,提出了自适应调节模块的设计方案。理论分析和仿真结果表明,在地火通信、文件包个数为1k、丢包率为0.79条件下,相比于双重传文件传输协议和延迟型否定应答文件传输协议,分别缩短了55.69%和74.28%的文件传递时延;在地月通信、文件包个数为100k、丢包率为0.79条件下,相比于仅根据误码率调节重传次数的重复发送文件传输协议,缩短了28.05%的文件传递时延。     

QAR超限事件飞行操作风险诊断方法

利用某机型的快速存取记录器(QAR,Quick Access Record)数据,对飞机着陆阶段出现的某一QAR超限事件,选取飞机下降率、俯仰角等飞行员综合操作指标在无线电高度20 feet(1 feet=0.304 8 m)的数值以及20~0 feet之间的变化率,分析由这些指标构成的"空间"中发生该QAR超限事件的"高风险子空间".对同一机场同一机型的多个航班数据初步分析得到,着陆总重大于62 t、着陆温度小于32℃时,正常样本与QAR超限样本占比接近,表明环境因素并非该样本空间中QAR超限事件的主要因素.为进一步诊断,以超限事件发生率最大化为目标,以划分空间中包含的样本满足一定数量标准为约束,建立数学模型,并以黄金分割法为基础设计了算法,找出这些操作指标上区间的边界值,以此诊断可能触发该QAR超限事件的高风险区域,为飞行员模拟机针对性训练提供指导.